{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:47:00Z","timestamp":1791092820898,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Glucocorticoid (GC) acts through both genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. It affects the structure and function of the central nervous system, especially the hippocampus. Here we report an in vitro culture system that can yield embryonic hippocampal neurons deficient in the expression of GC receptor as demonstrated by immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, and RT-PCR. Owing to this unique feature, those neuron preparations can serve as an ideal model for studying the nongenomic actions of GC on neural cells. In this study, we found that the Erk1\/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPKs were activated in these neurons by BSA-conjugated corticosterone within 15 min of treatment. This activation was not blocked by RU38486, spironolactone, or cycloheximide. Therefore, it is concluded that the activation of MAPKs observed here was due to the nongenomic action of GC. Furthermore, a 24-h incubation with corticosterone at concentrations ranged from 10\u221211\u201310\u22125m did not have an effect on the viability of GC receptor-deficient neurons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,17]],"date-time":"2005-06-17T00:54:24Z","timestamp":1118969664000},"page":"4036-4041","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Cultured Embryonic Hippocampal Neurons Deficient in Glucocorticoid (GC) Receptor: A Novel Model for Studying Nongenomic Effects of GC in the Neural System"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology (L.X., Y.C.), Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiqun","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology (A.Q.), Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology (L.X., Y.C.), Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071613551714300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00003.2003","article-title":"Nongenomic steroid action: controversies, questions, and answers.","volume":"83","author":"Lo\u0308sel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2020071613551714300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(01)00012-0","article-title":"Non-genomic effects of glucocorticoids in the neural system evidence, mechanisms and implications.","volume":"65","author":"Makara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"2020071613551714300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.48.1.129","article-title":"RU486 (mifepristone): mechanisms of action and clinical uses.","volume":"48","author":"Cadepond","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"2020071613551714300_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5691","article-title":"Rapid activation of ERK1\/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase by corticosterone in PC12 cells.","volume":"287","author":"Qiu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2020071613551714300_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)02254-2","article-title":"Corticosterone-induced rapid phosphorylation of p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases in PC12 cells.","volume":"492","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2020071613551714300_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20491","article-title":"Rapid activation of JNK and p38 by glucocorticoid in primary cultured hippocampal cells.","volume":"80","author":"Qi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"2020071613551714300_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1975.55.1.1","article-title":"Nerve and muscle cells in culture.","volume":"55","author":"Nelson","year":"1975","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2020071613551714300_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1977.40.5.1163","article-title":"Mouse spinal cord in cell culture. 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