{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T02:32:08Z","timestamp":1783564328369,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>GHRH stimulates GH secretion in chickens as in mammals. However, nothing is known about the chicken GHRH receptor (GHRH-R). Here we report the cDNA sequence of chicken GHRH-R. Comparison of the cDNA sequence with the chicken genome localized the GHRH-R gene to chicken chromosome 2 and indicated that the chicken GHRH-R gene consists of 13 exons. Expression of all exons was confirmed by RT-PCR amplification of pituitary mRNA. The amino acid sequence predicted by the GHRH-R cDNA is homologous to that in other vertebrates and contains seven transmembrane domains and a conserved hormone-binding domain. The predicted size of the GHRH-R protein (48.9 kDa) was confirmed by binding of 125I-GHRH to chicken pituitary membranes and SDS-PAGE. GHRH-R mRNA was readily detected by RT-PCR in the pituitary but not in the hypothalamus, total brain, lung, adrenal, ovary, or pineal gland. Effects of corticosterone (CORT), GHRH, ghrelin, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide, somatostatin (SRIF), and TRH on GHRH-R and GH gene expression were determined in cultures of chicken anterior pituitary cells. GHRH-R and GH mRNA levels were determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Whereas all treatments affected levels of GH mRNA, only CORT, GHRH, and SRIF significantly altered GHRH-R mRNA levels. GHRH-R gene expression was modestly increased by GHRH and suppressed by SRIF at 4 h, and CORT dramatically decreased levels of GHRH-R mRNA at 72 h. We conclude that adrenal glucocorticoids may substantially impact pituitary GH responses to GHRH in the chicken through modulation of GHRH-R gene expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,10]],"date-time":"2006-02-10T01:33:25Z","timestamp":1139535205000},"page":"2535-2543","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Identification of the Chicken Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Receptor (GHRH-R) mRNA and Gene: Regulation of Anterior Pituitary GHRH-R mRNA Levels by Homologous and Heterologous Hormones"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Tom E.","family":"Porter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura 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thyrotropin-releasing hormone during chicken embryonic development.","volume":"132","author":"Dean","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1540303","article-title":"Responsiveness of chicken embryonic somatotropes to somatostatin (SRIF) and IGF-I.","volume":"154","author":"Piper","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(01)00561-5","article-title":"Identification of the somatostatin receptor subtypes involved in regulation of growth hormone secretion in chickens.","volume":"182","author":"Bossis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1770279","article-title":"Identification of somatostatin receptors controlling growth hormone and thyrotropin 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transcription of the rat GHRH receptor gene.","volume":"143","author":"Nogami","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1159\/000127075","article-title":"Gene expression of the receptor for growth-hormone releasing hormone is physiologically regulated by glucocorticoids and estrogen.","volume":"63","author":"Lam","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1038\/313487a0","article-title":"Binding sites for growth hormone releasing factor on rat anterior pituitary cells.","volume":"313","author":"Seifert","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1500235","article-title":"Effect of GHRH and GHRP-2 treatment in vitro on GH secretion and levels of GH, pituitary transcription factor-1, GHRH-receptor, GH-secretagogue-receptor and somatostatin receptor mRNAs in ovine pituitary cells.","volume":"150","author":"Yan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(03)00006-6","article-title":"Evaluation of glucocorticoid-induced growth hormone gene expression in chicken embryonic pituitary cells using a novel in situ mRNA quantitation method.","volume":"201","author":"Bossis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613102866900_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1690499","article-title":"Somatotroph recruitment by glucocorticoids involves induction of growth hormone gene expression and secretagogue responsiveness.","volume":"169","author":"Porter","year":"2001","journal-title":"J 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