{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:44:02Z","timestamp":1790837042648,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) are classically known to be expressed in the distal collecting duct of the kidney. Recently it was reported that MR is identified in the heart and vasculature. Although MR expression is also found in the brain, it is restricted to the hippocampus and cerebral cortex under normal condition, and the role played by MRs in brain remodeling after cerebral ischemia remains unclear. In the present study, we used the mouse 20-min middle cerebral artery occlusion model to examine the time course of MR expression and activity in the ischemic brain. We found that MR-positive cells remarkably increased in the ischemic striatum, in which MR expression is not observed under normal conditions, during the acute and, especially, subacute phases after stroke and that the majority of MR-expressing cells were astrocytes that migrated to the ischemic core. Treatment with the MR antagonist spironolactone markedly suppressed superoxide production within the infarct area during this period. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR revealed that spironolactone stimulated the expression of neuroprotective or angiogenic factors, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), whereas immunohistochemical analysis showed astrocytes to be cells expressing bFGF and VEGF. Thereby the incidence of apoptosis was reduced. The up-regulated bFGF and VEGF expression also appeared to promote endogenous angiogenesis and blood flow within the infarct area and to increase the number of neuroblasts migrating toward the ischemic striatum. By these beneficial effects, the infarct volume was significantly reduced in spironolactone-treated mice. Spironolactone may thus provide therapeutic neuroprotective effects in the ischemic brain after stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,25]],"date-time":"2008-04-25T01:10:09Z","timestamp":1209085809000},"page":"3764-3777","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["The Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Expression in Brain Remodeling after Cerebral Ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Naofumi","family":"Oyamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masakatsu","family":"Sone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Miyashita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwijun","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Taura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Inuzuka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuhiro","family":"Sonoyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Tsujimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasutomo","family":"Fukunaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohisa","family":"Tamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Itoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (H.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuwa","family":"Nakao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Clinical Science (N.O., M.S., K.M., K.P., D.T., M.I., T.S., H.T., Y.F., N.T., K.N.), Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020071612292688100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.1.8583","article-title":"11\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 transforms 11-dehydrocorticosterone into transcriptionally active glucocorticoid in neonatal rat heart.","volume":"143","author":"Sheppard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0602.104675","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibition attenuates mineralocorticoid-induced cardiac hypertrophy.","volume":"105","author":"Takeda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1993.1066","article-title":"Anti-aldosterone treatment and the prevention of myocardial fibrosis in primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism.","volume":"25","author":"Brilla","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000153800.09920.40","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor inhibition ameliorates the transition to myocardial failure and decreases oxidative stress and inflammation in mice with chronic pressure overload.","volume":"111","author":"Kuster","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000034738.79310.06","article-title":"Spironolactone improves angiotensin-induced vascular changes and oxidative stress.","volume":"40","author":"Virdis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2906","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005040390","article-title":"Aldosterone stimulates reactive oxygen species production through activation of NADPH oxidase in rat mesangial cells.","volume":"16","author":"Miyata","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001","article-title":"The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure.","volume":"341","author":"Pitt","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030207","article-title":"Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction.","volume":"348","author":"Pitt","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200109203451215","article-title":"Spironolactone in addition to ACE inhibition to reduce proteinuria in patients with chronic renal disease.","volume":"345","author":"Chrysostomou","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000044937.95080.E9","article-title":"Effectiveness of aldosterone blockade in patients with diabetic nephropathy.","volume":"41","author":"Sato","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.281.3.R944","article-title":"Spironolactone reduces cerebral infarct size and EGF-receptor mRNA in stroke-prone rats.","volume":"281","author":"Dorrance","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.03.043","article-title":"Pretreatment with eplerenone reduces stroke volume in mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model.","volume":"566","author":"Iwanami","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000196945.73586.0d","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor activation causes cerebral vessel remodeling and exacerbates the damage caused by cerebral ischemia.","volume":"47","author":"Dorrance","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(95)03559-P","article-title":"Glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptors, 11\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 and -2 expression in rat brain and kidney: in situ studies","volume":"111","author":"Roland","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(00)00677-4","article-title":"The brain mineralocorticoid receptor: greedy for ligand, mysterious in function.","volume":"405","author":"Reul","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2006.01519.x","article-title":"Changes in the expression of corticotrophin-releasing hormone, mineralocorticoid receptor and glucocorticoid receptor mRNAs in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus induced by fornix transection and adrenalectomy.","volume":"19","author":"Han","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.84","article-title":"Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats.","volume":"20","author":"Longa","year":"1989","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1038","article-title":"The neuroprotective and vasculo-neuro-regenerative roles of adrenomedullin in ischemic brain and its therapeutic potential.","volume":"147","author":"Miyashita","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R19","first-page":"650","article-title":"Three new epoxy-spironolactone derivatives: characterization in vivo and in vitro.","volume":"240","author":"De Gasparo","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200317170","article-title":"EGF amplifies the replacement of parvalbumin-expressing striatal interneurons after ischemia.","volume":"111","author":"Teramoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800249","article-title":"Role of macrophage and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in association with oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the atherosclerotic development.","volume":"18","author":"Akishima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000138848.58269.80","article-title":"Possible inhibition of focal cerebral ischemia by angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation.","volume":"110","author":"Iwai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200317977","article-title":"VEGF-induced neuroprotection, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia.","volume":"111","author":"Sun","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000145142.85645.EA","article-title":"Adenoviral gene transfer with soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptors impairs angiogenesis and perfusion in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia.","volume":"110","author":"Jacobi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.12.015","article-title":"Heterogeneity of brainstem blood flow response to hypoxia in the anesthetized rat.","volume":"147","author":"Montandon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respir Physiol Neurol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00175-6","article-title":"Angiopoietin-1 reduces cerebral blood vessel leakage and ischemic lesion volume after focal cerebral embolic ischemia in mice.","volume":"113","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/85471","article-title":"Plasma fibronectin supports neuronal survival and reduces brain injury following transient focal cerebral ischemia but is not essential for skin-wound healing and hemostasis.","volume":"7","author":"Sakai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.10.2060","article-title":"Correlation between motor impairment and infarct volume after permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat.","volume":"28","author":"Rogers","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1968.tb09743.x","article-title":"The quantitative measurement of motor incoordination in native mice using an accelerating rotarod.","volume":"20","author":"Jones","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.040246","article-title":"Significant neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury by inhibition of the MEK1 protein kinase in mice: exploration of potential mechanism associated with apoptosis.","volume":"304","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01089.2003","article-title":"Comparison of simultaneous measurement of mouse systolic arterial blood pressure by radiotelemetry and tail-cuff methods.","volume":"286","author":"Whitesall","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1038\/220911a0","article-title":"Selective retention of corticosterone by limbic structures in rat brain.","volume":"220","author":"McEwen","year":"1968","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)10049-7","article-title":"A sensor for pathological events in the CNS.","volume":"19","author":"Kreutzberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R34","first-page":"307","volume":"51","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000015854.60710.10","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in experimental atherosclerosis.","volume":"105","author":"Rajagopalan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000182241.07096.06","article-title":"Edaravone reduces early accumulation of oxidative products and sequential inflammatory responses after transient focal ischemia in mice brain.","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-117-6-2505","article-title":"Two receptor systems for corticosterone in rat brain: microdistribution and differential occupation.","volume":"117","author":"Reul","year":"1985","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1286.035","article-title":"11\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the brain: two enzymes two roles.","volume":"1007","author":"Holmes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2003.03867.x","article-title":"Extra-adrenal production of corticosteroids.","volume":"30","author":"Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04277.x","article-title":"Roles of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in the regulation of progenitor proliferation in the adult hippocampus.","volume":"22","author":"Wong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.12.010","article-title":"RALES, EPUHESUS and redox.","volume":"93","author":"Funder","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-328X(95)00351-R","article-title":"Increased expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) following focal cerebral infarction in the rat.","volume":"39","author":"Speliotes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Res Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2003.11.080","article-title":"Combination therapy of stroke in rats with a nitric oxide donor and human bone marrow stromal cells enhances angiogenesis and neurogenesis.","volume":"1005","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1993.130","article-title":"In vitro model of hypoxia: basic fibroblast growth factor can rescue cultured CNS neurons from oxygen derived cell death.","volume":"13","author":"Akaneya","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90347-3","article-title":"NGF and bFGF protect rat hippocampal and human cortical neurons against hypoglycemic damage by stabilizing calcium homeostasis.","volume":"7","author":"Cheng","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00196-0","article-title":"Basic FGF attenuates fl-peptide-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impairment of Na+\/K+ ATP activity in hippocampal neurons.","volume":"756","author":"Mark","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1997.6659","article-title":"Regulation of astroglial-derived dopaminergic neurotrophic factors by interleukin-1\u03b2 in the striatum of young and middle-aged mice.","volume":"148","author":"Ho","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(00)00285-0","article-title":"Intravenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) decreases DNA fragmentation and prevents downregulation of Bcl-2 expression in the ischemic brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.","volume":"87","author":"Ay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10931","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)49853-0","article-title":"Angiogenesis.","volume":"267","author":"Folkman","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.9.1794","article-title":"Role of angiogenesis in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke.","volume":"25","author":"Krupinsky","year":"1994","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.18.030195.001111","article-title":"Isolation, characterization, and use of stem cells from the CNS.","volume":"18","author":"Gage","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1996.0592","article-title":"Neuronal progenitor cells derived from the anterior subventricular zone of the neonatal rat forebrain continue to proliferate in vitro and express a neuronal phenotype.","volume":"8","author":"Luskin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/nm747","article-title":"Neuronal replacement from endogenous precursors in the adult brain after stroke.","volume":"8","author":"Arvidsson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5820","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-15-05820.1997","article-title":"Epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2 have different effects on neural progenitors in the adult rat brain.","volume":"17","author":"Kuhn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.2.801","article-title":"Aldosterone receptor antagonism normalized vascular function in liquorice-induced hypertension.","volume":"37","author":"Quaschning","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.1294","article-title":"Eplerenone reduces oxidative stress and enhances eNOS in SHR: vascular functional and structural consequences.","volume":"7","author":"Sanz-Rosa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02587.x","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor expression and increased survival following neuronal injury.","volume":"17","author":"Macleod","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.11.008","article-title":"Overexpression of the mineralocorti-coid receptor protects against injury in PC12 cells.","volume":"135","author":"Lai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05427.x","article-title":"Forebrain mineralocorticoid receptor overexpression enhances memory, reduces anxiety and attenuates neuronal loss in cerebral ischaemia.","volume":"25","author":"Lai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.5.1162","article-title":"The corticosterone synthesis inhibitor metyrapone prevents hypoxia\/ischemia-induced loss of synaptic function in the rat hippocampus.","volume":"31","author":"Krugers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2020071612292688100_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1314.003","article-title":"Signaling pathways in brain involved in predisposition and pathogenesis of stress-related disease: genetic and kinetic affecting the MR\/GR balance.","volume":"1032","author":"De Kloet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/149\/8\/3764\/8997404\/endo3764.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/149\/8\/3764\/8997404\/endo3764.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T23:22:47Z","timestamp":1631143367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article\/149\/8\/3764\/2455498"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,24]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2007-1770","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-7227","1945-7170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-7227","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,24]]}}}