{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:56:45Z","timestamp":1771005405184,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Xenoestrogens are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that mimic the action of endogenous estrogen hormones. Effects of xenoestrogen on aquatic wildlife are well documented, whereas the experimental evidence for impairment of reproductive behavior and physiology in mammals after exposure to xenoestrogens has been debated. The strongest arguments against such studies have been that the route, time course, and intensity of exposure did not simulate environmental exposure and that the chemicals tested have additional nonestrogenic toxic effects, hindering generalization of actual xenoestrogenic effects. Here we show that environmental-like exposure to the pure estrogen 17\u03b1-ethinylestradiol during development alters reproductive behavior and physiology in adult female Sprague-Dawley rats. We simulated environmental exposure by giving low doses (0.4 and 0.004 \u03bcg\/kg\u00b7d) of 17\u03b1-ethinylestradiol orally to pregnant females from conception to weaning of the pups, which continued to receive the treatment until puberty. We studied the sexual behavior, estrous cycle, and estradiol plasma levels of intact female rats when they reached 3 months of age. Exposure to the higher dose strongly affected female sexual behavior and physiology, with suppression of lordosis and the estrous cycle and enhanced aggression toward males. The lower dose disrupted appetitive components of sexual behavior that influence the rate of copulation. Estradiol plasma levels were not affected by the treatment. Our study revealed that exposure to low oral doses of a pure estrogen during development alters female sexual behavior and physiology. These results suggest potential risks of reproductive failure from xenoestrogen exposure in realistic ecological conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,18]],"date-time":"2008-07-18T01:10:18Z","timestamp":1216343418000},"page":"5592-5598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Environmental-Like Exposure to Low Levels of Estrogen Affects Sexual Behavior and Physiology of Female Rats"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Daniele","family":"Della Seta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology (D.D.S., F.F.), University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Farabollini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology (D.D.S., F.F.), University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Dessi\u0300-Fulgheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology (F.D.-F.), University of Florence, 50125 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonida","family":"Fusani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Evolution (L.F.), University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020071613312993800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.07.030184.002213","article-title":"Gonadal steroid induction of structural sex differences in the central nervous system.","volume":"7","author":"Arnold","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1325","article-title":"Sexual differentiation of the vertebrate nervous system.","volume":"7","author":"Morris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(77)90060-5","article-title":"Aromatization: important for sexual differentiation of neonatal rat brain.","volume":"9","author":"McEwen","year":"1977","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6163211","article-title":"Sexual differentiation of the central nervous system.","volume":"211","author":"MacLusky","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1093\/ansci\/61.Supplement_3.38","article-title":"Sexual dimorphisms of the brain.","volume":"61","author":"Gorski","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0742-8413(97)00133-3","article-title":"Perinatal estrogen exposure: later repercussion on the fertility of rats.","volume":"118","author":"Pereira","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X98001216","article-title":"A role for ovarian hormones in sexual differentiation of the brain.","volume":"21","author":"Fitch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R8","first-page":"279","article-title":"Estrogen actions in the central nervous system.","volume":"20","author":"McEwen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinol Rev"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(79)90093-3","article-title":"The development of estrogen receptor systems in the rat brain: perinatal development.","volume":"178","author":"MacLusky","year":"1979","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R10","first-page":"75","author":"Breedlove","year":"2002"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1624","article-title":"\u03b1-Fetoprotein protects the developing female mouse brain from masculinization and defeminization by estrogens.","volume":"9","author":"Bakker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1989.6771824x","article-title":"Sexual differentiation in litter-bearing mammals: influence of sex of adjacent fetuses in utero.","volume":"67","author":"Saal","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.93101378","article-title":"Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans.","volume":"101","author":"Colborn","year":"1993","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.93101372","article-title":"Medical hypothesis: xenoestrogens as preventable causes of breast cancer.","volume":"101","author":"Davis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5494","article-title":"Large effects from small exposures. I. Mechanisms for endocrine-disrupting chemicals with estrogenic activity.","volume":"8","author":"Welshons","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.951031136","article-title":"Gestational and lactational exposure of rats to xenoestrogens results in reduced testicular size and sperm production.","volume":"103","author":"Sharpe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R17","first-page":"4325","article-title":"Uterine adenocarcinoma in mice treated neonatally with genistein.","volume":"61","author":"Newbold","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2004.01.005","article-title":"Abnormal behaviours induced by chemical pollution: a review of the evidence and new challenges.","volume":"68","author":"Zala","year":"2004","journal-title":"Animal Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(95)03316-5","article-title":"Estrogenic pesticides: binding relative to estradiol in MCF-7 cells and effects of exposure during foetal life on subsequent territorial behaviour in male mice.","volume":"77","author":"Saal","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R20","first-page":"176","author":"McClintock","year":"1987"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1080\/10532528.1999.10559777","article-title":"Revisiting the concept of sexual motivation.","volume":"10","author":"Pfaus","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu Rev Sex Res"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S1385-299X(98)00057-9","article-title":"The partner preference paradigm: a method to study sexual motivation and performance of female rats.","volume":"3","author":"Avitsur","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Protoc"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.2001.1686","article-title":"Conditioning and sexual behavior: a review.","volume":"40","author":"Pfaus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(79)90033-3","article-title":"Dose-response and time-response relationships between progesterone and the display of patterns of receptive and proceptive behavior in the female rat.","volume":"13","author":"Fadem","year":"1979","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(89)90037-8","article-title":"Solicitation behavior in the estrus female rat: a review.","volume":"23","author":"Erskine","year":"1989","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110s3409","article-title":"Effects of perinatal exposure to bisphenol A on sociosexual behaviour of female and male rats.","volume":"110","author":"Farabollini","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(98)00084-7","article-title":"Bisphenol A interacts with the estrogen receptor \u03b1 in a distinct manner from estradiol.","volume":"142","author":"Gould","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7633","article-title":"The environmental estrogen bisphenol A inhibits estradiol-induced hippocampal synaptogenesis.","volume":"113","author":"MacLusky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1981.tb02469.x","article-title":"Oral contraceptives and birth defects.","volume":"23","author":"Smithells","year":"1981","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420510105","article-title":"Oral contraceptive use after conception in relation to the risk of congenital urinary tract anomalies.","volume":"51","author":"Li","year":"1995","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.5.988","article-title":"Altered prostate growth and daily sperm production in male mice exposed prenatally to subclinical doses of 17\u03b1-ethinyl oestradiol.","volume":"16","author":"Thayer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-445X(98)00112-X","article-title":"Ethinylestradiol\u2014an undesired fish contraceptive?","volume":"45","author":"Larsson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Aquatic Toxicol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1021\/es011055j","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999\u20132000: a national reconnaissance.","volume":"36","author":"Kolpin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1897\/03-222","article-title":"Estrogenic potential of the Venice, Italy, lagoon waters.","volume":"23","author":"Pojana","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2003.10.035","article-title":"Assessment of river contamination by estrogenic compounds in Paris area (France).","volume":"324","author":"Cargouet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7598","article-title":"Accurate prediction of the response of freshwater fish to a mixture of estrogenic chemicals.","volume":"113","author":"Brian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420320115","article-title":"Effect of ethinylestradiol on the differentiation of mouse fetal testis.","volume":"32","author":"Yasuda","year":"1985","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420330305","article-title":"Leydig cell hyperplasia in fetal mice treated transplacentally with ethinyl estradiol.","volume":"33","author":"Yasuda","year":"1986","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420360106","article-title":"Ovarian follicular cell hyperplasia in fetal mice treated transplacentally with ethinyl estradiol.","volume":"36","author":"Yasuda","year":"1987","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1990.337","article-title":"The effect of in utero ethinyl oestradiol exposure on the risk of cryptorchid testis and testicular teratoma in mice.","volume":"62","author":"Walker","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfg180","article-title":"In utero through lactational exposure to ethinylestradiol induces cleft phallus and delayed ovarian dysfunction in the offspring.","volume":"75","author":"Sawaki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6238(03)00005-4","article-title":"Evaluation of an in utero through lactational exposure protocol for detection of estrogenic effects of ethinyl estradiol on the offspring of rats: preliminary trial.","volume":"17","author":"Sawaki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-3806(01)00205-X","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to ethinylestradiol elicits behavioural abnormalities in the rat.","volume":"129","author":"Dugard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(03)00015-1","article-title":"Dietary ethinylestradiol exposure during development causes increased voluntary sodium intake and mild maternal and offspring toxicity in rats.","volume":"25","author":"Ferguson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.03.002","article-title":"Developmental exposure to xenoestrogen enhances spatial learning in male rats.","volume":"51","author":"Corrieri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7014","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502544102","article-title":"Estrogenic chemicals in plastic and oral contraceptives disrupt development of the fetal mouse prostate and urethra.","volume":"102","author":"Timms","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7209","article-title":"Long-term exposure to environmental concentrations of the pharmaceutical ethynylestradiol causes reproductive failure in fish.","volume":"112","author":"Nash","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.20087","article-title":"Life-cycle exposure of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to an ethinylestradiol concentration below 1 ng\/L reduces egg fertilization success and demasculinizes males.","volume":"20","author":"Parrott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620200610","article-title":"Effects of the synthetic estrogen 17\u03b1-ethinylestradiol on the life-cycle of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas).","volume":"20","author":"Lange","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2997","DOI":"10.1897\/05-565R.1","article-title":"Dynamics of 17\u03b1-ethynylestradiol exposure in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): absorption, tissue distribution, and hepatic gene expression pattern.","volume":"25","author":"Skillman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3201","DOI":"10.1021\/es010034m","article-title":"Determination of endocrine-disrupting phenolic compounds and estrogens in surface and drinking water by HRGC-(NCI)-MS in the picogram per liter range.","volume":"35","author":"Kuch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1142","article-title":"Strategies and methods for research on sex differences in brain and behavior.","volume":"146","author":"Becker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R53","first-page":"307","author":"Jenkins","year":"2005"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R54","author":"Zar","year":"1984"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.0064","article-title":"Altered reproductive success in rat pairs after environmental-like exposure to xenoestrogen.","volume":"274","author":"Fusani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod31.4.723","article-title":"Prepubertal treatment with estrogen or testosterone precipitates the loss of regular estrous cyclicity and normal gonadotropin secretion in adult female rats.","volume":"31","author":"Nass","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biol Rep"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2003.01106.x","article-title":"Puberty: a period of both organizational and activational effects of steroid hormones on neurobehavioural development.","volume":"15","author":"Romeo,","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2005.10.003","article-title":"Pubertal hormones organize the adolescent brain and behavior.","volume":"26","author":"Sisk","year":"2005","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02431729","article-title":"Sexual behavior and some of its physiological consequences in persistently estrous aged female rats.","volume":"3","author":"Borchardt","year":"1980","journal-title":"Age"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1163\/156853963X00185","article-title":"A comparison of social postures of some common laboratory rodents.","volume":"21","author":"Grant","year":"1963","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R61","author":"Dickey","year":"2000"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(79)90229-4","article-title":"Influence of female copulatory behavior on the induction of pseudopregnancy in the female rat.","volume":"22","author":"Gilman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(89)90163-7","article-title":"Paced copulation in rats: effects of intromission frequency and duration on luteal activation and estrus length.","volume":"45","author":"Erskine","year":"1989","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1037\/h0028244","article-title":"Effects of the male\u2019s copulatory behavior on successful pregnancy of the female rat.","volume":"69","author":"Adler","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol Psychol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(76)90008-8","article-title":"Sexual attractivity, proceptivity, and receptivity in female mammals.","volume":"7","author":"Beach","year":"1976","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(94)90160-0","article-title":"Axon-sparing lesion of the preoptic area enhances receptivity and diminishes proceptivity among components of female rat sexual behavior.","volume":"61","author":"Hoshina","year":"1994","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901510204","article-title":"Atlas of estradiol-concentrating cells in the central nervous system of the female rat.","volume":"151","author":"Pfaff","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.1997.1412","article-title":"Hormonal activation of the striatum and the nucleus accumbens modulates paced mating behavior in the female rat.","volume":"32","author":"Xiao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R69","first-page":"117","author":"McCarthy","year":"2002"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2006.10.011","article-title":"Estrogenic chemicals at puberty change ER-\u03b1 in the hypothalamus of male and female rats.","volume":"29","author":"Ceccarelli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol Teratol"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2004.11.017","article-title":"Bisphenol-A exposure during pregnancy and lactation affects maternal behavior in rats.","volume":"65","author":"Della Seta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/21.1.243","article-title":"Social control of the ovarian cycle.","volume":"21","author":"McClintock","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am Zool"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2004.09.014","article-title":"Female competition in wild house mice depends upon timing of female\/male settlement and kinship between females.","volume":"69","author":"Palanza","year":"2005","journal-title":"Animal Behav"},{"key":"2020071613312993800_R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10532528.2003.10559810","article-title":"What can animal models tell us about human sexual response?","volume":"14","author":"Pfaus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Sex Res"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/149\/11\/5592\/8997127\/endo5592.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/149\/11\/5592\/8997127\/endo5592.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T02:16:11Z","timestamp":1738289771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article\/149\/11\/5592\/2455272"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,17]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2008-0113","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-7227","1945-7170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-7227","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,17]]}}}