{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:25:29Z","timestamp":1791321929626,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Estrogen has been reported to prevent development of cardiac hypertrophy in female rodent models and in humans. However, the mechanisms of sex steroid action are incompletely understood. We determined the cellular effects by which 17\u03b2-estradiol (E2) inhibits angiotensin II (AngII)-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Two weeks of angiotensin infusion in female mice resulted in marked hypertrophy of the left ventricle, exacerbated by the loss of ovarian steroid hormones from oophorectomy. Hypertrophy was 51% reversed by the administration of E2 (insertion of 0.1 mg\/21-d-release tablets). The effects of E2 were mainly mediated by the estrogen receptor (ER) \u03b2-isoform, because E2 had little effect in ER\u03b2-null mice but comparably inhibited AngII-induced hypertrophy in wild-type or ER\u03b1-null mice. AngII induced a switch of myosin heavy chain production from \u03b1 to \u03b2, but this was inhibited by E2 via ER\u03b2. AngII-induced ERK activation was also inhibited by E2 through the \u03b2-receptor. E2 stimulated brain natriuretic peptide protein expression and substantially prevented ventricular interstitial cardiac fibrosis (collagen deposition) as induced by AngII. Importantly, E2 inhibited calcineurin activity that was stimulated by AngII, related to E2 stimulating the modulatory calcineurin-interacting protein (MCIP) 1 gene and protein expression. E2 acting mainly through ER\u03b2 mitigates the important signaling by AngII that produces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in female mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,27]],"date-time":"2008-03-27T20:39:42Z","timestamp":1206650382000},"page":"3361-3369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Estrogen Inhibits Cardiac Hypertrophy: Role of Estrogen Receptor-\u03b2 to Inhibit Calcineurin"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Pedram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (A.P., M.V., E.R.L.), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Razandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (M.R., E.R.L.), Veteran\u2019s Affairs Medical Center Long Beach, Long Beach, California 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