{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:47:04Z","timestamp":1787021224460,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The recognition of the basic leucine zipper domain in the regulation of transcriptional activity of cAMP response element-binding protein by salt-inducible kinase (SIK) prompted our investigation of the regulatory role of this kinase in the induction of Aa-nat and other cAMP-regulated genes in the rat pineal gland. Here we report Sik1 expression was induced by norepinephrine (NE) in rat pinealocytes primarily through activation of \u03b2-adrenergic receptors, with a minor contribution from activation of \u03b1-adrenergic receptors. Treatments with dibutyryl cAMP, and to a lesser extent, agents that elevate intracellular Ca2+ mimicked the effect of NE on Sik1 expression. In parallel to the results of the pineal cell culture studies, a marked nocturnal induction of Sik1 transcription was found in whole-animal studies. Knockdown of Sik1 by short hairpin RNA amplified the NE-stimulated Aa-nat transcription and other adrenergic-regulated genes, including Mapk phosphatase 1, inducible cAMP repressor, and type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, overexpressing Sik1 had an inhibitory effect on the NE induction of Aa-nat and other adrenergic-regulated genes. Together, our results indicate that the adrenergic induction of Sik1 in the rat pineal gland is primarily through the \u03b2-adrenergic receptor \u2192 protein kinase A pathway. SIK1 appears to function as part of an endogenous repressive mechanism that regulates the peak and indirectly the duration of expression of Aa-nat and other cAMP-regulated genes. These findings support a role for SIK1 in framing the temporal expression profile of Aa-nat and other adrenergic-regulated genes in the rat pineal gland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,21]],"date-time":"2009-05-21T21:29:25Z","timestamp":1242941365000},"page":"4221-4230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Salt-Inducible Kinase 1 in the Rat Pinealocyte: Adrenergic Regulation and Role in Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase Gene Transcription"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Kanyo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology (R.K., D.M.P., A.K.H.) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. M.","family":"Price","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology (R.K., D.M.P., A.K.H.) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. L.","family":"Chik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine (C.L.C), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physiology (R.K., D.M.P., A.K.H.) 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