{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:59:40Z","timestamp":1792738780100,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) are common in older men and can contribute to lower urinary tract symptoms that significantly impact quality of life. Few existing models of BOO and BPH use physiological levels of hormones associated with disease progression in humans in a genetically manipulable organism. We present a model of BPH and BOO induced in mice with testosterone (T) and 17\u03b2-estradiol (E2). Male mice were surgically implanted with slow-releasing sc pellets containing 25 mg T and 2.5 mg E2 (T+E2). After 2 and 4 months of hormone treatment, we evaluated voiding patterns and examined the gross morphology and histology of the bladder, urethra, and prostate. Mice treated with T+E2 developed significantly larger bladders than untreated mice, consistent with BOO. Some mice treated with T+E2 had complications in the form of bladder hypertrophy, diverticula, calculi, and eventual decompensation with hydronephrosis. Hormone treatment caused a significant decrease in the size of the urethral lumen, increased prostate mass, and increased number of prostatic ducts associated with the prostatic urethra, compared with untreated mice. Voiding dysfunction was observed in mice treated with T+E2, who exhibited droplet voiding pattern with significantly decreased void mass, shorter void duration, and fewer sustained voids. The constellation of lower urinary tract abnormalities, including BOO, enlarged prostates, and voiding dysfunction seen in male mice treated with T+E2 is consistent with BPH in men. This model is suitable for better understanding molecular mechanisms and for developing novel strategies to address BPH and BOO.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,5]],"date-time":"2012-09-05T00:52:36Z","timestamp":1346806356000},"page":"5556-5565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Testosterone and 17\u03b2-Estradiol Induce Glandular Prostatic Growth, Bladder Outlet Obstruction, and Voiding Dysfunction in Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Tristan M.","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Carbone Cancer Center (T.M.N., E.A.R., W.A.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705"},{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (T.M.N.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Ricke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Carbone Cancer Center (T.M.N., E.A.R., W.A.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C.","family":"Marker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences (P.C.M.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Miano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine (J.M.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642"},{"name":"Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute (J.M.M.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Mayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology (R.D.M., R.W.W.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry G.","family":"Timms","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences (B.G.T.), University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick S.","family":"vom Saal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences (F.S.v.S.), University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald W.","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology (R.D.M., R.W.W.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642"},{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology (R.W.W.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642"},{"name":"Neurobiology and Anatomy (R.W.W.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Ricke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Carbone Cancer Center (T.M.N., E.A.R., W.A.R.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071612325945400_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)49698-4","article-title":"The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age.","volume":"132","author":"Berry","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"2020071612325945400_B2","first-page":"S3","article-title":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia: an overview.","volume":"9","author":"Roehrborn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Urol 7 Suppl"},{"key":"2020071612325945400_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22222","article-title":"Can we identify men who will have complications from 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