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Although direct binding of FoxO1 to FoxO-binding element (FBE) (at \u2212124 to \u2212119 bp of the human FSH\u03b2 promoter) was not detected in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, a DNA pull-down assay and transfection study using the mutant FBE reporter vector revealed that FBE is necessary in FSH\u03b2 suppression by FoxO1, suggestive of other cofactor requirements. GnRH stimulated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, which induced posttranslational modification of FoxO1 and retained it in the cytoplasm. We also confirmed this result in primary cell cultures; most of the FoxO1 was detected in the cytoplasm when treated with GnRH but in the nucleus when the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway was inhibited. These findings suggest that FoxO1 is regulated by the GnRH signaling pathway and functions as a negative regulator of FSH\u03b2 gene expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,17]],"date-time":"2014-01-17T17:49:44Z","timestamp":1389980984000},"page":"2277-2286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["FoxO1 Is a Negative Regulator of FSH\u03b2 Gene Expression in Basal and GnRH-Stimulated Conditions in Female"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Young-Suk","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research (Y.-S.C., H.J.L., C.R.K., Y.H.C., M.R.S., E.J.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752, Seoul, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science (Y.-S.C., H.J.L., E.J.L.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, 120-752, Seoul, 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