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Although urine volumes were not different between ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 and wild-type (ATF6\u03b1+\/+) mice with access to water ad libitum, they were increased in ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice compared with those in ATF6\u03b1+\/+ mice under intermittent water deprivation (WD) and accompanied by less urine AVP in ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice. The mRNA expression of immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein, an ER chaperone, was significantly increased in the supraoptic nucleus in ATF6\u03b1+\/+ but not ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice after WD. Electron microscopic analyses demonstrated that the ER lumen of AVP neurons was more dilated in ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice than in ATF6\u03b1+\/+ mice after WD. ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice that were mated with mice possessing a mutation causing familial neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus (FNDI), which is characterized by progressive polyuria and AVP neuronal loss due to the accumulation of mutant AVP precursor in the ER, manifested increased urine volume under intermittent WD. The aggregate formation in the ER of AVP neurons was further impaired in FNDI\/ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice compared with that in FNDI mice, and AVP neuronal loss was accelerated in FNDI\/ATF6\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice under WD. These data suggest that ATF6\u03b1 is required for the AVP neuron system to maintain water balance under dehydration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T18:28:46Z","timestamp":1416594526000},"page":"4905-4914","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Activating Transcription Factor 6\u03b1 Is Required for the Vasopressin Neuron System to Maintain Water Balance Under Dehydration in Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Azuma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Endocrinology and Diabetes (Y.A., D.H., W.L., Y.M., H.S., M.G., R.B., Y.S., Y.O., H.A.) , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466\u20138550, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Hagiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Endocrinology and Diabetes 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