{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T21:20:20Z","timestamp":1782163220083,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK113998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK113998"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DK007770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DK007770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Doris Factor Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Because an acidic cellular microenvironment is engendered by inflammation and may determine cell differentiation, we elucidated the impact of acidic conditions on induction of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expression. Here, we demonstrate mechanisms for proton sensitivity of CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1) signaling to POMC and ACTH production. Low pH (6.8) resulted in doubling of POMC expression and ACTH production in pituitary cell line AtT-20 and in primary mouse pituitary cells. Using CRISPR knockout, we show that CRHR1 is necessary for acid-induced POMC expression, and this induction is mediated by CRHR1 histidine residues and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in both pituitary corticotroph cells and in nonpituitary cell lines expressing ectopic ACTH. In contrast, CRH ligand binding affinity to CRHR1 was decreased with acidic pH, implying that proton-induced POMC expression prevails in acidic conditions independently of CRH ligand binding. The results indicate that proton-induced CRHR1 signaling regulates ACTH production in response to an acidic microenvironment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T19:44:46Z","timestamp":1544125486000},"page":"276-291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Proton Sensitivity of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 1 Signaling to Proopiomelanocortin in Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Hiraku","family":"Kameda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Tone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division of Immunology, Pacific Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahide","family":"Tone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Division of Immunology, Pacific Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2355-3447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shlomo","family":"Melmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pituitary Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2020071623360985700_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.69.4.522","article-title":"The effects of extracellular pH on immune function","volume":"69","author":"Lardner","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2020071623360985700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2017.77","article-title":"Tumour acidosis: from the passenger to the driver\u2019s seat","volume":"17","author":"Corbet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020071623360985700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2013.07.022","article-title":"Regulation of inflammation by extracellular acidification and proton-sensing GPCRs","volume":"25","author":"Okajima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"2020071623360985700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00370","article-title":"pH sensing and regulation in cancer","volume":"4","author":"Damaghi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623360985700_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(02)00018-7","article-title":"pH Heterogeneity of human and rabbit atherosclerotic plaques; a new insight into detection of vulnerable plaque","volume":"164","author":"Naghavi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020071623360985700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780140407","article-title":"Synovial fluid pH, lactate, oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressure in various joint diseases","volume":"14","author":"Treuhaft","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"2020071623360985700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.3.9911005","article-title":"Endogenous airway acidification. 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