{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T12:56:25Z","timestamp":1784120185032,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008982","name":"Qatar National Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NPRP9-351-3-075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NPRP9-351-3-075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Leptin signals to regulate food intake and energy expenditure under conditions of normative energy homeostasis. The central expression and function of leptin receptor B (LepRb) have been extensively studied during the past two decades; however, the mechanisms by which LepRb signaling dysregulation contributes to the pathophysiology of obesity remains unclear. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance as well as the neuroendocrine axes. The role of LepRb expression in the PVN in regard to the regulation of physiological function of leptin has been controversial. The single-minded homolog 1 gene (Sim1) is densely expressed in the PVN and in parts of the amygdala, making Sim1-Cre mice a useful model for examining molecular mechanisms regulating PVN function. In this study, we characterized the physiological role of LepRb in Sim1-expressing neurons using LepRb-floxed \u00d7 Sim1-Cre mice. Sim1-specific LepRb-deficient mice were surprisingly hypophagic on regular chow but gained more weight upon exposure to a high-fat diet than did their control littermates. We show that Sim1-specific deletion of a single LepRb gene copy caused decreased surface and core body temperatures as well as decreased energy expenditure in ambient room temperatures in both female and male mice. Furthermore, cold-induced adaptive (nonshivering) thermogenesis is disrupted in homozygous knockout mice. A defective thermoregulatory response was associated with defective cold-induced upregulation of uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue and reduced serum T4. Our study provides novel functional evidence supporting LepRb signaling in Sim1 neurons in the regulation of body weight, core body temperature, and cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2019-00062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T19:00:33Z","timestamp":1551121233000},"page":"863-879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Leptin Receptor Signaling in Sim1-Expressing Neurons Regulates Body Temperature and Adaptive Thermogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Isin","family":"Cakir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Diaz-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Lining Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E Brian","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7222-8512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoud","family":"Ghamari-Langroudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2020071623224816800_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306825","article-title":"Epidemiology of obesity and diabetes and their cardiovascular complications","volume":"118","author":"Bhupathiraju","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"21","key":"2020071623224816800_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.6458","article-title":"Trends in obesity among adults in the united states, 2005 to 2014","volume":"315","author":"Flegal","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B3"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.05.038","article-title":"The role of leptin in leptin resistance and obesity","volume":"88","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2006.00270.x","article-title":"The role of leptin and ghrelin in the regulation of food intake and body weight in humans: a review","volume":"8","author":"Klok","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B6","first-page":"829","article-title":"Role of leptin resistance in the development of obesity in older patients","volume":"8","author":"Carter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"6505","key":"2020071623224816800_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/372425a0","article-title":"Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue","volume":"372","author":"Zhang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"2020071623224816800_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(02)02449-3","article-title":"Leptin directly stimulates thermogenesis in skeletal muscle","volume":"515","author":"Dulloo","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"455","key":"2020071623224816800_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaah6324","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aah6324","article-title":"Cleavage of the leptin receptor by matrix metalloproteinase-2 promotes leptin resistance and obesity in mice","volume":"10","author":"Mazor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2020071623224816800_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.161349","article-title":"Control of blood pressure, appetite, and glucose by leptin in mice lacking leptin receptors in proopiomelanocortin neurons","volume":"57","author":"do Carmo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59816","article-title":"Direct leptin action on POMC neurons regulates glucose homeostasis and hepatic insulin sensitivity in mice","volume":"122","author":"Berglund","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071623224816800_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2010.02.018","article-title":"The roles of leptin receptors on POMC neurons in the regulation of sex-specific energy homeostasis","volume":"100","author":"Shi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020071623224816800_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.06.004","article-title":"Leptin receptor signaling in POMC neurons is required for normal body weight homeostasis","volume":"42","author":"Balthasar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"7","key":"2020071623224816800_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33710","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.33710","article-title":"POMC neurons expressing leptin receptors coordinate metabolic responses to fasting via suppression of leptin levels","volume":"7","author":"Caron","year":"2018","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020071623224816800_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.05.003","article-title":"Leptin-dependent control of glucose balance and locomotor activity by POMC neurons","volume":"9","author":"Huo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071623224816800_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.12.021","article-title":"Leptin directly activates SF1 neurons in the VMH, and this action by leptin is required for normal body-weight homeostasis","volume":"49","author":"Dhillon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071623224816800_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.06.011","article-title":"Leptin acts via leptin receptor-expressing lateral hypothalamic neurons to modulate the mesolimbic dopamine system and suppress feeding","volume":"10","author":"Leinninger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"2020071623224816800_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2014.07.008","article-title":"Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus are key regulators of energy expenditure and body weight, but not food intake","volume":"3","author":"Rezai-Zadeh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020071623224816800_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43703","article-title":"Leptin receptor expression in hindbrain Glp-1 neurons regulates food intake and energy balance in mice","volume":"121","author":"Scott","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020071623224816800_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2010.08.002","article-title":"Obesity and leptin resistance: distinguishing cause from effect","volume":"21","author":"Myers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665100000434","article-title":"The hypothalamus and the regulation of energy homeostasis: lifting the lid on a black box","volume":"59","author":"Williams","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"46","key":"2020071623224816800_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36124","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M003549200","article-title":"Leptin regulates prothyrotropin-releasing hormone biosynthesis. Evidence for direct and indirect pathways","volume":"275","author":"Nillni","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071623224816800_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2013","article-title":"Thyroid hormone regulation of metabolism","volume":"94","author":"Mullur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"2020071623224816800_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1216","article-title":"Leptin is required for uncoupling protein-1-independent thermogenesis during cold stress","volume":"147","author":"Ukropec","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020071623224816800_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.4.5889","article-title":"Effects of leptin on corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) synthesis and CRF neuron activation in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus of obese (ob\/ob) mice","volume":"139","author":"Huang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2020071623224816800_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3296","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1533","article-title":"The role of intracerebroventricular administration of leptin in the stimulation of prothyrotropin releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus","volume":"147","author":"Perello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020071623224816800_B27","first-page":"R2081","article-title":"Leptin acts in the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus to induce gastric mucosal damage","volume":"275","author":"Smith","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"5 Pt 2","key":"2020071623224816800_B28","first-page":"R1468","article-title":"Leptin depolarizes rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons","volume":"274","author":"Powis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020071623224816800_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.6.5209","article-title":"Leptin prevents fasting-induced suppression of prothyrotropin-releasing hormone messenger ribonucleic acid in neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus","volume":"138","author":"L\u00e9gr\u00e1di","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1210\/rp.59.1.287","article-title":"Leptin receptor signaling and the regulation of mammalian physiology","volume":"59","author":"Myers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Recent Prog Horm Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016785108","article-title":"Multinodal regulation of the arcuate\/paraventricular nucleus circuit by leptin","volume":"108","author":"Ghamari-Langroudi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"12","key":"2020071623224816800_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0203","article-title":"Regulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone-expressing neurons in paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus by signals of adiposity","volume":"24","author":"Ghamari-Langroudi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00015.2003","article-title":"Brown adipose tissue: function and physiological significance","volume":"84","author":"Cannon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(00)00247-4","article-title":"UCP1: the only protein able to mediate adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis and metabolic inefficiency","volume":"1504","author":"Nedergaard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"5","key":"2020071623224816800_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.02.007","article-title":"Central neural regulation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and energy expenditure","volume":"19","author":"Morrison","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.08.035","article-title":"Divergence of melanocortin pathways in the control of food intake and energy expenditure","volume":"123","author":"Balthasar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"20","key":"2020071623224816800_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.20.3264","article-title":"Development of neuroendocrine lineages requires the bHLH-PAS transcription factor SIM1","volume":"12","author":"Michaud","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B38","unstructured":"Cakir I, Diaz-Martinez M, Lining Pan P, Welch EB, Patel S, Ghamari-Langroudi M. Data from: Leptin receptor signaling in Sim1-expressing neurons regulates body temperature and adaptive thermogenesis. figshare 2019. Deposited 18 February 2019. https:\/\/figshare.com\/s\/8ebab5bfd3a453bc410b."},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B39","unstructured":"Cakir I, Diaz-Martinez M, Lining Pan P, Welch EB, Patel S, Ghamari-Langroudi M. Data from: Leptin receptor signaling in Sim1-expressing neurons regulates body temperature and adaptive thermogenesis. figshare 2019. Deposited 18 February 2019. https:\/\/figshare.com\/s\/735fc91faff5a6ad6af1."},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195310610.001.0001","volume-title":"Measuring Metabolic Rates: A Manual for Scientists","author":"Lighton","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2020071623224816800_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1949.sp004363","article-title":"New methods for calculating metabolic rate with special reference to protein metabolism","volume":"109","author":"Weir","year":"1949","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B42","unstructured":"Cakir I, Diaz-Martinez M, Lining Pan P, Welch EB, Patel S, Ghamari-Langroudi M. Data from: Leptin receptor signaling in Sim1-expressing neurons regulates body temperature and adaptive thermogenesis. figshare 2019. Deposited 18 February 2019. https:\/\/figshare.com\/s\/11b5fb6a7bdf0e921acb."},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0716","article-title":"Characterization of the hyperphagic response to dietary fat in the MC4R knockout mouse","volume":"152","author":"Srisai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2020071623224816800_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(74)90090-0","article-title":"Role of the thyroid in the development of the obese-hyperglycemic syndrome in mice (ob\/ob)","volume":"23","author":"Joosten","year":"1974","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020071623224816800_B45","first-page":"1187","article-title":"Release of thyrotropin in relation to cold exposure","volume":"25","author":"Itoh","year":"1966","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2020071623224816800_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(89)90103-4","article-title":"Activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis during exposure to cold","volume":"41","author":"Fregly","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"2020071623224816800_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-97-5-1185","article-title":"Effect of acute exposure to cold on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system","volume":"97","author":"Hefco","year":"1975","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020071623224816800_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E976","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00448.2010","article-title":"Maintenance of the thyroid axis during diet-induced obesity in rodents is controlled at the central level","volume":"299","author":"Perello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0119391","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119391","article-title":"Leptin signaling is required for adaptive changes in food intake, but not energy expenditure, in response to different thermal conditions","volume":"10","author":"Kaiyala","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"18","key":"2020071623224816800_B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5034","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0213-16.2016","article-title":"Glutamatergic preoptic area neurons that express leptin receptors drive temperature-dependent body weight homeostasis","volume":"36","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5597","key":"2020071623224816800_B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/266060a0","article-title":"Thermogenic defect in pre-obese ob\/ob mice","volume":"266","author":"Trayhurn","year":"1977","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19840068","article-title":"The development of cold-induced thermogenesis and the structure of brown adipocyte mitochondria in genetically-obese (ob\/ob) mice","volume":"52","author":"Hull","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010628","article-title":"The effect of firing rate on preoptic neuronal thermosensitivity","volume":"240","author":"Boulant","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R47","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00498.2006","article-title":"The dorsomedial hypothalamus: a new player in thermoregulation","volume":"292","author":"DiMicco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"5796","key":"2020071623224816800_B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1038\/289401a0","article-title":"Activation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis by the ventromedial hypothalamus","volume":"289","author":"Perkins","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"2020071623224816800_B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-004-2340-1","article-title":"An allelic series for the leptin receptor gene generated by CRE and FLP recombinase","volume":"15","author":"McMinn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mamm Genome"},{"issue":"6588","key":"2020071623224816800_B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1038\/382250a0","article-title":"Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting","volume":"382","author":"Ahima","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2020071623224816800_B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02719.x","article-title":"Control of thyrotrophic hormone (TSH) secretion by the \u201cheat loss center\u201d","volume":"59","author":"Andersson","year":"1963","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071623224816800_B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87793","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087793","article-title":"The direct cooling of the preoptic-hypothalamic area elicits the release of thyroid stimulating hormone during wakefulness but not during REM sleep","volume":"9","author":"Martelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R130","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00574.2009","article-title":"Dorsomedial hypothalamus mediates autonomic, neuroendocrine, and locomotor responses evoked from the medial preoptic area","volume":"298","author":"Hunt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B61","first-page":"17","article-title":"Defective brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in obese mice","volume":"9","author":"Himms-Hagen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"12","key":"2020071623224816800_B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-015-1596-z","article-title":"fDWI evaluation of hypothalamic appetite regulation pathways in mice genetically deficient in leptin or neuropeptide Y","volume":"40","author":"Lizarbe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"7622","key":"2020071623224816800_B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18950","article-title":"Thirst neurons anticipate the homeostatic consequences of eating and drinking","volume":"537","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-01-00559.1998","article-title":"Leptin receptor immunoreactivity in chemically defined target neurons of the hypothalamus","volume":"18","author":"H\u00e5kansson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"47","key":"2020071623224816800_B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12419","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3412-08.2008","article-title":"Novel leptin-regulated genes revealed by transcriptional profiling of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus","volume":"28","author":"Tung","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020071623224816800_B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1159\/000054478","article-title":"Centrally administered murine leptin stimulates plasma arginine-vasopressin secretion and increases the level of mRNA expression in the supraoptic nucleus of conscious rats","volume":"70","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020071623224816800_B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.08.018","article-title":"Leptin and thyrotropin-releasing hormone: cooperative action in the hindbrain to activate brown adipose thermogenesis","volume":"1117","author":"Hermann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.07.094","article-title":"Co-localization of TRHR1 and LepRb receptors on neurons in the hindbrain of the rat","volume":"1355","author":"Barnes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020071623224816800_B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3686","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0513","article-title":"Temperature-acclimated brown adipose tissue modulates insulin sensitivity in humans","volume":"63","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020071623224816800_B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1113\/JP273395","article-title":"Four-week cold acclimation in adult humans shifts uncoupling thermogenesis from skeletal muscles to brown adipose tissue","volume":"595","author":"Blondin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2020071623224816800_B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2009.05.003","article-title":"BAT: a new target for human obesity","volume":"30","author":"Fr\u00fchbeck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"6379","key":"2020071623224816800_B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.286.6379.1684-a","article-title":"Luxuskonsumption, brown fat, and human obesity","volume":"286","author":"Garrow","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020071623224816800_B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2297","article-title":"Brown adipose tissue activity controls triglyceride clearance","volume":"17","author":"Bartelt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2020071623224816800_B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00167","article-title":"New pharmacological perspectives for the leptin receptor in the treatment of obesity","volume":"5","author":"Roujeau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/160\/4\/863\/28224146\/en.2019-00062.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/160\/4\/863\/28224146\/en.2019-00062.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T12:13:42Z","timestamp":1594988022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article\/160\/4\/863\/5364428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/en.2019-00062","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]}}}