{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:28:21Z","timestamp":1790962101730,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.6.6029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T16:09:28Z","timestamp":1389197368000},"page":"2718-2726","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Evidence for Mineralocorticoid Receptor Facilitation of Glucocorticoid Receptor-Dependent Regulation of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity*"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian A.","family":"Kalman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2019041121514231100_R1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Regulation of ACTH secretion: variations on a theme of B.","volume":"43","author":"Dallman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Recent Prog Horm Res"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(87)90040-0","article-title":"Feedback action and tonic influence of the corticosteroids on brain function: a concept arising from the heterogeneity of brain receptor systems.","volume":"12","author":"Kloet","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3037703","article-title":"Cloning of human mineralocorticoid receptor complementary DNA: structural and functional kinship with the glucocorticoid receptor.","volume":"237","author":"Arriza","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/318635a0","article-title":"Primary structure and expression of a functional human glucocorticoid receptor cDNA.","volume":"318","author":"Hollenberg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9331","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.23.9331","article-title":"Localization of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA in the male rat brain by in situ hybridization.","volume":"85","author":"Aronsson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-8-2-185","article-title":"Biochemistry, molecular biology, and physiology of the glucocorticoid receptor.","volume":"8","author":"Gustafsson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(90)90433-C","article-title":"Adrenal steroid type I and type II receptor binding: estimates of in vivo receptor number, occupancy, and activation with varying level of steroid.","volume":"514","author":"Spencer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2845584","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid action: target tissue specificity is enzyme, not receptor, mediated.","volume":"242","author":"Funder","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(88)90136-5","article-title":"The neuronal mineralocorticoid receptor as a mediator of glucocorticoid response.","volume":"1","author":"Arriza","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-119-5-2325","article-title":"Reset of feedback in the adrenocortical system: an apparent shift in sensitivity of adrenocorticotropin to inhibition by corticosterone between morning and evening.","volume":"119","author":"Akana","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R11","first-page":"585","article-title":"Feedback sensitivity of the rat hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and its capacity to adjust to exogenous corticosterone.","volume":"131","author":"Akana","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(91)90176-6","article-title":"Regulation of basal ACTH secretion by corticosterone is mediated by both type I (MR) and type II (GR) receptors in rat brain.","volume":"40","author":"Bradbury","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.134.3.8119168","article-title":"Roles of type I and II corticosteroid receptors in regulation of basal activity in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis during the diurnal trough and the peak: evidence for a nonadditive effect of combined receptor occupation.","volume":"134","author":"Bradbury","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2844","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-124-6-2844","article-title":"Pharmacological evidence that the inhibition of diurnal adrenocorticotropin secretion by corticosteroids is mediated via type I corticosterone-preferring receptors.","volume":"124","author":"Dallman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00711582","article-title":"Functional implications of brain corticosteroid receptor diversity.","volume":"13","author":"Kloet","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1159\/000125210","article-title":"On the role of brain mineralocorticoid (type I) and glucocorticoid (type II) receptors in neuroendocrine regulation.","volume":"50","author":"Ratka","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1159\/000126511","article-title":"Glucocorticoid feedback regulation of adrenocortical responses to neural stimuli: role of CRF-41 and corticosteroid type I and type II receptors.","volume":"58","author":"Weidenfeld","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-128-2-680","article-title":"Stress-induced adrenocorticotropin secretion: diurnal responses and decreases during stress in the evening are not dependent on corticosterone.","volume":"128","author":"Bradbury","year":"1991","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.133.5.8404640","article-title":"Diurnal differences in basal and acute stress levels of type I and type II adrenal steroid receptor activation in neural and immune tissues.","volume":"133","author":"Spencer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R20","article-title":"Spencer RL Validation of the in vivo use of RU28318 and RU40555 for antagonism of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR), respectively","author":"Kim","year":"1997","journal-title":"Program of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, New Orleans, LA"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-66-2-290","article-title":"The antiglucocorticoid and antiprogestin steroid RU486 suppresses the adrenocorticotropin response to ovine corticotropin releasing hormone in man.","volume":"66","author":"Laue","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)91159-6","article-title":"Activated type II receptors in brain cannot rebind glucocorticoids: relationship to progesterone\u2019s antiglucocorticoid actions.","volume":"440","author":"Chou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R23","first-page":"2636","article-title":"The glucocorticoid receptor at the protein level.","volume":"48","author":"Litwack","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.","volume":"27","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1159\/000126645","article-title":"Splachnic neural activity modulates ultradian and circadian rhythms in adrenocortical secretion in awake rats.","volume":"59","author":"Jasper","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.133.2.8344212","article-title":"The steroid antagonist RU486 exerts different effects on the glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors.","volume":"133","author":"Beck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R27","first-page":"2013","article-title":"Mechanism of action of the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, RU40555","author":"Pearce","year":"1996","journal-title":"Program of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Washington"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91563-0","article-title":"Immunocytochemical study on the intracellular localization of the type 2 glucocorticoid receptor in the rat brain.","volume":"436","author":"Van Eekelen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90431-6","article-title":"Heterodimerization between mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor: a new principle of glucocorticoid action in the CNS.","volume":"13","author":"Trapp","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1159\/000122974","article-title":"Participation of the dorsal hippocampus in the glucocorticoid feedback effect on adrenocortical activity.","volume":"30","author":"Feldman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-59-1-25","article-title":"The new steroid analog RU486 inhibits glucocorticoid action in man.","volume":"59","author":"Bertagna","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3879","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.12.3879","article-title":"RU486: a steroid with antiglucocorticosteroid activity that only disinhibits the human pituitary-adrenal system at a specific time of day.","volume":"81","author":"Gaillard","year":"1984","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1159\/000126474","article-title":"Effects of the glucocorticoid antagonist RU486 on pituitary-adrenal function in patients with anorexia nervosa and healthy volunteers: enhancement of plasma ACTH and cortisol secretion in underweight patients.","volume":"57","author":"Kling","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4935","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.11.8895366","article-title":"Chronic brain glucocorticoid receptor blockade enhances the rise in circadian and stress-induced pituitary-adrenal activity.","volume":"137","author":"Van Haarst","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1159\/000126592","article-title":"Antimineralocorticoid canrenoate enhances secretory activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis in humans.","volume":"58","author":"Dodt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2019041121514231100_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1159\/000126571","article-title":"Augmented ACTH responses to stress in adrenalectomized rats replaced with constant, physiological levels of corticosterone are partially normalized by acute increases in corticosterone.","volume":"58","author":"Jacobson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/139\/6\/2718\/10348843\/endo2718.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T11:44:57Z","timestamp":1555069497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article\/139\/6\/2718\/2986940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]},"references-count":36,"aliases":["10.1210\/en.139.6.2718"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endo.139.6.6029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-7227","1945-7170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-7227","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]}}}