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Androgens are produced by the testes to facilitate masculinization of the fetus. Recent evidence shows that intricate interactions between the HH and androgen signaling pathways are required for optimal male sex differentiation and defects of either can cause birth anomalies indicative of 46,XY male variations of sex development (VSD). Further, perturbations in cholesterol synthesis can cause developmental defects, including VSD, that phenocopy those caused by disrupted androgen or HH signaling, highlighting the functional role of cholesterol in promoting male sex differentiation. In this review, we focus on the role of cholesterol in systemic androgen and local HH signaling events during fetal masculinization and their collective contributions to pediatric VSD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T18:37:37Z","timestamp":1617129457000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cholesterol Contributes to Male Sex Differentiation Through Its Developmental Role in Androgen Synthesis and Hedgehog Signaling"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"162","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9701-0800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anbarasi","family":"Kothandapani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin R","family":"Jefcoate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5787-8856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan S","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021121717304773600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e488","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0738","article-title":"Consensus statement on management of intersex disorders. 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