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Phenotype analysis, intestinal flora analysis, and global metabolomic profiling of caecal contents were performed on a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model; similar analyses were conducted after 35 days of antibiotic treatment on the PCOS mouse model, and glucose tolerance testing was performed on the PCOS mouse model after a 35-day CDCA treatment. Mice receiving fecal microbiota transplants from PCOS patients or healthy controls were evaluated after 10 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bacteroides was significantly enriched in treatment-na\u00efve PCOS patients. The enrichment in Bacteroides was reproduced in the PCOS mouse model. Gut microbiota removal ameliorated the PCOS phenotype and insulin resistance and increased relative FXR mRNA levels in the ileum and serum fibroblast growth factor 15 levels. PCOS stool-transplanted mice exhibited insulin resistance at 10 weeks but not PCOS. Treating the PCOS mouse model with CDCA improved glucose metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bacteroides is a key microbial biomarker in PCOS and shows diagnostic value. Gut dysbiosis can cause insulin resistance. FXR activation might play a beneficial rather than detrimental role in glucose metabolism in PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,19]],"date-time":"2021-06-19T02:19:05Z","timestamp":1624069145000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Intestinal Flora is a Key Factor in Insulin Resistance and Contributes to the Development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"162","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3618-3326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue-Lian","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China"},{"name":"Department of Gerontology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, 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