{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T11:59:13Z","timestamp":1782215953092,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bone loss is one of the most common complications of immobilization after spinal cord injury (SCI). Whether transforming growth factor (TGF)-\u03b2 signaling plays a role in SCI-induced disuse bone loss has not been determined. Thus, 16-week-old male mice underwent sham or spinal cord contusion injury to cause complete hindlimb paralysis. Five days later, 10 mg\/kg\/day control (IgG) or anti-TGF-\u03b21,2,3 neutralizing antibody (1D11) was administered twice weekly for 4 weeks. Femurs were examined by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning and histology. Bone marrow (BM) supernatants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for levels of procollagen type 1 intact N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP-5b), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Distal femoral micro-CT analysis showed that SCI-1D11 mice had significantly (P &amp;lt; .05) attenuated loss of trabecular fractional bone volume (123% SCI-1D11 vs 69% SCI-IgG), thickness (98% vs 81%), and connectivity (112% vs 69%) and improved the structure model index (2.1 vs 2.7). Histomorphometry analysis revealed that osteoclast numbers were lower in the SCI-IgG mice than in sham-IgG control. Biochemically, SCI-IgG mice had higher levels of P1NP and PGE2 but similar TRAcP-5b and RANKL\/OPG ratio to the sham-IgG group. The SCI-1D11 group exhibited higher levels of P1NP but similar TRAcP-5b, RANKL\/OPG ratio, and PGE2 to the sham-1D11 group. Furthermore, 1D11 treatment prevented SCI-induced hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in osteocytes, an event that destabilizes the cytoskeleton. Together, inhibition of TGF-\u03b2 signaling after SCI protects trabecular bone integrity, likely by balancing bone remodeling, inhibiting PGE2 elevation, and preserving the osteocyte cytoskeleton.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T02:38:41Z","timestamp":1637203121000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Inhibition of TGF-\u03b2 Signaling Attenuates Disuse-induced Trabecular Bone Loss After Spinal Cord Injury in Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Karim","family":"Sahbani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"},{"name":"Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher P","family":"Cardozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"},{"name":"Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Human Performance, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A","family":"Bauman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"},{"name":"Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Human Performance, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6673-7393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hesham A","family":"Tawfeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"},{"name":"Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199801000-00005","article-title":"Bone mineral density and indexes of bone metabolism in spinal cord injury","volume":"77","author":"Szollar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200108000-00009","article-title":"Regional osteoporosis in women who have a complete spinal cord injury","volume":"83","author":"Garland","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.08.144","article-title":"Incidence of fractures in a cohort of veterans with chronic multiple sclerosis or traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"89","author":"Logan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0671-6","article-title":"Osteoporotic fractures and hospitalization risk in chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"20","author":"Morse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-010-0029-9","article-title":"Evolving concepts in neurogenic osteoporosis","volume":"8","author":"Qin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep."},{"issue":"18","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13446","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13446","article-title":"Daily parathyroid hormone administration enhances bone turnover and preserves bone structure after severe immobilization-induced bone loss","volume":"5","author":"Harlow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-011-0118-9","article-title":"Severe spinal cord injury causes immediate multi-cellular dysfunction at the chondro-osseous junction","volume":"2","author":"Morse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transl Stroke Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2549","article-title":"Sclerostin antibody preserves the morphology and structure of osteocytes and blocks the severe skeletal deterioration after motor-complete spinal cord injury in rats","volume":"30","author":"Qin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0009","first-page":"415","article-title":"Longitudinal study of bone turnover after acute spinal cord injury","volume":"83","author":"Roberts","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-2011-0702","article-title":"The effects of spinal cord injury and exercise on bone mass: a literature review","volume":"29","author":"Dolbow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90190-8","article-title":"Evaluation of a training program for persons with SCI paraplegia using the Parastep 1 ambulation system: part 3. Lack of effect on bone mineral density","volume":"78","author":"Needham-Shropshire","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-014-0602-x","article-title":"Zoledronic acid administration failed to prevent bone loss at the knee in persons with acute spinal cord injury: an observational cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Bauman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101832","article-title":"Bone loss in spinal cord-injured patients: from physiopathology to therapy","volume":"44","author":"Ma\u00efmoun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spinal Cord."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3525","article-title":"Effects of teriparatide and vibration on bone mass and bone strength in people with bone loss and spinal cord injury: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Edwards","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2013.03.032","article-title":"Effect of parathyroid hormone combined with gait training on bone density and bone architecture in people with chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"5","author":"Gordon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pm R."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10375","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10375","article-title":"Administration of denosumab preserves bone mineral density at the knee in persons with subacute spinal cord injury: findings from a randomized clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Cirnigliaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBMR Plus."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4416","article-title":"Durability and delayed treatment effects of zoledronic acid on bone loss after spinal cord injury: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Edwards","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-020-05807-0","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of bisphosphonate analogs for treatment of osteoporosis after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.8.2.133","article-title":"The TGF-beta superfamily: new members, new receptors, and new genetic tests of function in different organisms","volume":"8","author":"Kingsley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410050857","article-title":"Type II collagen and TGF-betas in developing and aging porcine mandibular condylar cartilage: immunohistochemical studies","volume":"289","author":"Moroco","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81696-7","article-title":"Smads: transcriptional activators of TGF-beta responses","volume":"95","author":"Derynck","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.07.025","article-title":"TGF-beta: a master of all T cell trades","volume":"134","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell."},{"issue":"24","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21352","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111663200","article-title":"Proteolysis of latent transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-binding protein-1 by osteoclasts. A cellular mechanism for release of TGF-beta from bone matrix","volume":"277","author":"Dallas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1979","article-title":"TGF-beta1-induced migration of bone mesenchymal stem cells couples bone resorption with formation","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27090","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027090","article-title":"Anti-transforming growth factor \u00df antibody treatment rescues bone loss and prevents breast cancer metastasis to bone","volume":"6","author":"Biswas","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3544","article-title":"Excessive transforming growth factor-\u03b2 signaling is a common mechanism in osteogenesis imperfecta","volume":"20","author":"Grafe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2120","article-title":"Role of TGF-\u03b2 in a mouse model of high turnover renal osteodystrophy","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e78043","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078043","article-title":"Doxorubicin-mediated bone loss in breast cancer bone metastases is driven by an interplay between oxidative stress and induction of TGF\u03b2","volume":"8","author":"Rana","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3143","article-title":"Inhibition of TGF-\u03b2 signaling in mesenchymal stem cells of subchondral bone attenuates osteoarthritis","volume":"19","author":"Zhen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14518","article-title":"Absence of \u03b1\u03b2 T cells accelerates disuse bone loss in male mice after spinal cord injury","volume":"1487","author":"Sahbani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.5.1536","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies recognizing transforming growth factor-beta. Bioactivity neutralization and transforming growth factor beta 2 affinity purification","volume":"142","author":"Dasch","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.139","article-title":"Inhibition of TGF-\u03b2 signaling by 1D11 antibody treatment increases bone mass and quality in vivo","volume":"25","author":"Edwards","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2016.07.007","article-title":"Combined treatment with a transforming growth factor beta inhibitor (1D11) and bortezomib improves bone architecture in a mouse model of myeloma-induced bone disease","volume":"91","author":"Nyman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.141","article-title":"Guidelines for assessment of bone microstructure in rodents using micro-computed tomography","volume":"25","author":"Bouxsein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1805","article-title":"Standardized nomenclature, symbols, and units for bone histomorphometry: a 2012 update of the report of the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee","volume":"28","author":"Dempster","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"19","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14225","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14225","article-title":"Abaloparatide exhibits greater osteoanabolic response and higher cAMP stimulation and \u03b2-arrestin recruitment than teriparatide","volume":"7","author":"Sahbani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1614","article-title":"Activation of protein kinase a in mature osteoblasts promotes a major bone anabolic response","volume":"157","author":"Tascau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.07.001","article-title":"T cells potentiate PTH-induced cortical bone loss through CD40L signaling","volume":"8","author":"Gao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12290","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012290","article-title":"Disruption of PTH receptor 1 in T cells protects against PTH-induced bone loss","volume":"5","author":"Tawfeek","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.07.010","article-title":"T lymphocytes amplify the anabolic activity of parathyroid hormone through Wnt10b signaling","volume":"10","author":"Terauchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0041","first-page":"358","article-title":"Downregulation of SOST\/sclerostin by PTH: a novel mechanism of hormonal control of bone formation mediated by osteocytes","volume":"6","author":"Bellido","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2012.09.016","article-title":"Effects of PTH on osteocyte function","volume":"54","author":"Bellido","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2942","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002942","article-title":"Control of bone mass and remodeling by PTH receptor signaling in osteocytes","volume":"3","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.71062465.x","article-title":"New phosphorylation sites identified in hyperphosphorylated tau (paired helical filament-tau) from Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain using nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry","volume":"71","author":"Hanger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurochem."},{"issue":"Pt 24","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5721","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01558","article-title":"Tau phosphorylation in neuronal cell function and dysfunction","volume":"117","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cell Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90057-X","article-title":"Abnormal tau phosphorylation at Ser396 in Alzheimer\u2019s disease recapitulates development and contributes to reduced microtubule binding","volume":"10","author":"Bramblett","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"issue":"18","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7336","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219748110","article-title":"E-selectin ligand 1 regulates bone remodeling by limiting bioactive TGF-\u03b2 in the bone microenvironment","volume":"110","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"52","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18813","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507417102","article-title":"TGF-beta regulates the mechanical properties and composition of bone matrix","volume":"102","author":"Balooch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5275","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005275","article-title":"Pharmacologic inhibition of the TGF-beta type I receptor kinase has anabolic and anti-catabolic effects on bone","volume":"4","author":"Mohammad","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"19","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4267","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.19.4267","article-title":"Inhibition of TGF-beta receptor signaling in osteoblasts leads to decreased bone remodeling and increased trabecular bone mass","volume":"126","author":"Filvaroff","year":"1999","journal-title":"Development."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.10.115","article-title":"Osteocyte-intrinsic TGF-\u03b2 signaling regulates bone quality through perilacunar\/canalicular remodeling","volume":"21","author":"Dole","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.1.157","article-title":"Intermittently administered human parathyroid hormone(1-34) treatment increases intracortical bone turnover and porosity without reducing bone strength in the humerus of ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys","volume":"16","author":"Burr","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22761","article-title":"Long-term loss of osteoclasts and unopposed cortical mineral apposition following limited field irradiation","volume":"33","author":"Oest","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Orthop Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3295","article-title":"Cherubism mice also deficient in c-Fos Exhibit inflammatory bone destruction executed by macrophages that express MMP14 Despite the absence of TRAP+ osteoclasts","volume":"33","author":"Kittaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1973.224.6.1345","article-title":"Vitamin D-enhanced osteocytic and osteoclastic bone resorption","volume":"224","author":"Baylink","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61372","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061372","article-title":"Microgravity induces pelvic bone loss through osteoclastic activity, osteocytic osteolysis, and osteoblastic cell cycle inhibition by CDKN1a\/p21","volume":"8","author":"Blaber","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3203","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1345","article-title":"A role for the calcitonin receptor to limit bone loss during lactation in female mice by inhibiting osteocytic osteolysis","volume":"156","author":"Clarke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.12.006","article-title":"Osteocyte-directed bone demineralization along canaliculi","volume":"84","author":"Nango","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1567","article-title":"Demonstration of osteocytic perilacunar\/canalicular remodeling in mice during lactation","volume":"27","author":"Qing","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-004-0519-x","article-title":"Osteocytic osteolysis observed in rats to which parathyroid hormone was continuously administered","volume":"22","author":"Tazawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.01.025","article-title":"Osteocytes remove and replace perilacunar mineral during reproductive cycles","volume":"54","author":"Wysolmerski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-004-0048-6","article-title":"Changes in osteoprotegerin\/RANKL system, bone mineral density, and bone biochemicals markers in patients with recent spinal cord injury","volume":"76","author":"Ma\u00efmoun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8397","article-title":"Effect of estrogen versus testosterone on circulating osteoprotegerin and other cytokine levels in normal elderly men","volume":"87","author":"Khosla","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110106","article-title":"Aspirin and NSAID use in older women: effect on bone mineral density and fracture risk. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group","volume":"11","author":"Bauer","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90065-5","article-title":"Diclofenac sodium inhibits bone resorption in postmenopausal women","volume":"96","author":"Bell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.154.2.529","article-title":"Lymphokine-mediated bone resorption requires endogenous prostaglandin synthesis","volume":"154","author":"Bockman","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080514","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 administered by subcutaneous pellets causes local inflammation and systemic bone loss: a model for inflammation-induced bone disease","volume":"8","author":"Desimone","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-139X.2003.16100.x","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms of bone resorption induced by metabolic acidosis","volume":"16","author":"Krieger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin Dial."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.10.034","article-title":"Tanshinone IIA suppresses inflammatory bone loss by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 in osteoblasts","volume":"601","author":"Kwak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215528","article-title":"The role of prostaglandin E2 receptors in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"110","author":"McCoy","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02650-y","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 inhibits matrix mineralization by human bone marrow stromal cell-derived osteoblasts via Epac-dependent cAMP signaling","volume":"7","author":"Mirsaidi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030015","article-title":"An essential role of cytosolic phospholipase A2alpha in prostaglandin E2-mediated bone resorption associated with inflammation","volume":"197","author":"Miyaura","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s007740170046","article-title":"Involvement of interleukin-6 and prostaglandin E2 in periarticular osteoporosis of postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.01.005","article-title":"Prostaglandin E receptor EP4 antagonist suppresses osteolysis due to bone metastasis of mouse malignant melanoma cells","volume":"581","author":"Takita","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0075","first-page":"372","article-title":"Continuous infusion of PGE2 is catabolic with a negative bone balance on both cancellous and cortical bone in rats","volume":"7","author":"Tian","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00210-0","article-title":"Osteoblasts\/stromal cells stimulate osteoclast activation through expression of osteoclast differentiation factor\/RANKL but not macrophage colony-stimulating factor: receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand","volume":"25","author":"Udagawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0077","first-page":"3861","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone enhances alveolar bone resorption via upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2","volume":"8","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res."},{"issue":"34","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7162","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3129-20.2021","article-title":"Regulation of synapse weakening through interactions of the microtubule associated protein tau with PACSIN1","volume":"41","author":"Regan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.1021\/bi051635j","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 primes microtubule-associated protein tau site-specifically for glycogen synthase kinase 3beta","volume":"45","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochemistry."},{"issue":"32","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24977","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M000808200","article-title":"Tau phosphorylation at serine 396 and serine 404 by human recombinant tau protein kinase II inhibits tau\u2019s ability to promote microtubule assembly","volume":"275","author":"Evans","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3230741","article-title":"Phosphorylation of tau by glycogen synthase kinase 3beta affects the ability of tau to promote microtubule self-assembly","volume":"323(Pt 3)","author":"Utton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)00061-D","article-title":"Abnormally phosphorylated tau in SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells","volume":"360","author":"Tanaka","year":"1995","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"issue":"20","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11554","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)80098-9","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta stimulation of lung fibroblast prostaglandin E2 production","volume":"264","author":"Diaz","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L201","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2000.279.1.L201","article-title":"TGF-beta1 stimulates IL-8 release, COX-2 expression, and PGE(2) release in human airway smooth muscle cells","volume":"279","author":"Fong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650090607","article-title":"Stimulation of prostaglandin E2 production by interleukin-1 alpha and transforming growth factor alpha in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells","volume":"9","author":"Harrison","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2930109","article-title":"Activation of phospholipase A2 and stimulation of prostaglandin E2 production by transforming growth factor-alpha in rat thymic epithelial cells requires influx of calcium","volume":"293(Pt 1)","author":"Liu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem J."},{"issue":"51","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35861","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.014639","article-title":"Regulation of transforming growth factor-beta-dependent cyclooxygenase-2 expression in fibroblasts","volume":"284","author":"Matsumura","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E710","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00361.2019","article-title":"TGF-\u03b21 promotes vitamin D-induced prostaglandin E2 synthesis by upregulating vitamin D receptor expression in human granulosa-lutein cells","volume":"318","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-181066","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 is essential for mediating the effects of calcium ions on stimulating phosphorylation of Tau at the sites of Ser 396 and Ser 404","volume":"68","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-3322","article-title":"Focal irradiation and systemic TGF\u03b2 blockade in metastatic breast cancer","volume":"24","author":"Formenti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5142","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-2499","article-title":"Inhibition of transforming growth factor-beta-mediated immunosuppression in tumor-draining lymph nodes augments antitumor responses by various immunologic cell types","volume":"69","author":"Fujita","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-3292","article-title":"Antiestrogens induce transforming growth factor beta-mediated immunosuppression in breast cancer","volume":"70","author":"Joffroy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2883","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.5.2883","article-title":"Tumor evasion of the immune system by converting CD4+CD25- T cells into CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells: role of tumor-derived TGF-beta","volume":"178","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0094","first-page":"353","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone-related protein and transforming growth factor activities in an extract from a breast cancer associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy","volume":"19","author":"Nagata","year":"1989","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2176","DOI":"10.2174\/138920111798808392","article-title":"Antibody targeting of TGF-\u03b2 in cancer patients","volume":"12","author":"Lonning","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2022","article-title":"TGF-beta type II receptor phosphorylates PTH receptor to integrate bone remodelling signalling","volume":"12","author":"Qiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121315284728700_CIT0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.186742","article-title":"Inhibition of VEGF or TGF-{beta} signaling activates endothelium and increases leukocyte rolling","volume":"29","author":"Walshe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."}],"container-title":["Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqab230\/41146192\/bqab230.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/163\/1\/bqab230\/41733327\/bqab230.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/163\/1\/bqab230\/41733327\/bqab230.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,15]],"date-time":"2023-01-15T18:46:51Z","timestamp":1673808411000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqab230\/6427655"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqab230","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-7227","1945-7170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-7227","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]]},"article-number":"bqab230"}}