{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:37:08Z","timestamp":1790692628328,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kyoto University Live Imaging Center"},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["20K17532"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K17532"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["20H05898"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20H05898"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["19H00993"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H00993"]}]},{"name":"JST CREST","award":["JPMJCR1654"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR1654"]}]},{"name":"Moonshot R&D","award":["JPMJPS2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJPS2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Longitudinal bone growth is achieved by a tightly controlled process termed endochondral bone formation. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) stimulates endochondral bone formation through binding to its specific receptor, guanylyl cyclase (GC)-B. However, CNP\/GC-B signaling dynamics in different stages of endochondral bone formation have not been fully clarified, especially in terms of the interaction between the cyclic guanine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathways. Here, we demonstrated that CNP activates the cAMP\/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway and that this activation contributed to the elongation of the hypertrophic zone in the growth plate. Cells of the chondrogenic line ATDC5 were transfected with F\u00f6rster resonance energy transfer (FRET)\u2013based cGMP and PKA biosensors. Dual-FRET imaging revealed that CNP increased intracellular cGMP levels and PKA activities in chondrocytes. Further, CNP-induced PKA activation was enhanced following differentiation of ATDC5 cells. Live imaging of the fetal growth plate of transgenic mice, expressing a FRET biosensor for PKA, PKAchu mice, showed that CNP predominantly activates the PKA in the hypertrophic chondrocytes. Additionally, histological analysis of the growth plate of PKAchu mice demonstrated that CNP increased the length of the growth plate, but coadministration of a PKA inhibitor, H89, inhibited the growth-promoting effect of CNP only in the hypertrophic zone. In summary, we revealed that CNP-induced cGMP elevation activated the cAMP\/PKA pathway, and clarified that this PKA activation contributed to the bone growth\u2013promoting effect of CNP in hypertrophic chondrocytes. These results provide insights regarding the cross-talk between cGMP and cAMP signaling in endochondral bone formation and in the physiological role of the CNP\/GC-B system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqac005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T21:57:52Z","timestamp":1642543072000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["C-type Natriuretic Peptide\u2013induced PKA Activation Promotes Endochondral Bone Formation in Hypertrophic Chondrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"163","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6049-2874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisho","family":"Hirota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7323-9627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Hirashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"},{"name":"The Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"},{"name":"Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Horikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optical Imaging, Advanced Research Promotion Center, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Yasoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiyuki","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"},{"name":"Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6937","key":"2022020904393203700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01657","article-title":"Developmental regulation of the growth plate","volume":"423","author":"Kronenberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"5","key":"2022020904393203700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.105536","article-title":"A pathway to bone: signaling molecules and transcription factors involved in chondrocyte development and maturation","volume":"142","author":"Kozhemyakina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Development."},{"issue":"10","key":"2022020904393203700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199210000-00002","article-title":"Molecular biology and biochemistry of the natriuretic peptide system. 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