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Our recent study demonstrated that CK1\u03b1 is expressed in both germ cells and somatic cells of mouse testes and regulates spermatogenesis. However, little information is known about the role of CK1\u03b1 in regulating the development of somatic cells in mouse testes. Our results demonstrated that conditional disruption of CK1\u03b1 in murine Leydig cells sharply decreased testosterone levels; markedly affected testis development, sperm motility, and sperm morphology; and caused subfertility. The germ cell population was partially decreased in CK1\u03b1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice, while the proliferation of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells was not affected. Furthermore, in vitro results verified that luteinizing hormone upregulates CK1\u03b1 through the luteinizing hormone\/protein kinase\/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor\/extracellular regulated protein kinases\/2 signaling pathway and that CK1\u03b1 interacts with and phosphorylates EGFR, which subsequently activates the phosphorylation of ERK1\/2, thereby promoting testosterone synthesis. In addition, high-dose testosterone propionate partially rescued the phenotype observed in cKO mice. This study provides new insights into the role of CK1\u03b1 in steroidogenesis and male reproduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqad042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T13:24:06Z","timestamp":1679059446000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Casein Kinase 1\u03b1 Regulates Testosterone Synthesis and Testis Development in Adult Mice"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"164","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7567-9260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongzhou","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing 10021, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1533-7186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3283-7035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yewen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1285-3823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Longjie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing 10021, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6489-4857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0137-7681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing 10021, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6214-569X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiali","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing 10021, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3826-3768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing 10021, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses , Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of 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