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We examined human islet secretory response to acute racemic \u03b2HB treatment and observed increased insulin secretion at a low glucose concentration of 3 mM. Because \u03b2HB is a chiral molecule, existing as both R and S forms, we further studied insulin and glucagon secretion following acute treatment with individual \u03b2HB enantiomers in human and C57BL\/6J mouse islets. We found that acute treatment with R-\u03b2HB increased insulin secretion and decreased glucagon secretion at physiological glucose concentrations in both human and mouse islets. Proteomic analysis of human islets treated with R-\u03b2HB over 72 hours showed altered abundance of proteins that may promote islet cell health and survival. Collectively, our data show that physiological concentrations of \u03b2HB influence hormone secretion and signaling within pancreatic islets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqae079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T00:21:41Z","timestamp":1719534101000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Promotes Basal Insulin Secretion While Decreasing Glucagon Secretion in Mouse and Human Islets"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7396-907X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Risha","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7412-5381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George P","family":"Brownrigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Moravcova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5736-2991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason C","family":"Rogalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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