{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:32:10Z","timestamp":1792369930743,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020643","name":"MRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/V012290\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/V012290\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020643","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020643","name":"MRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/R010668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/R010668"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020643","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Chronic stress results in long-term dynamic changes at multiple levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis resulting in stress axis dysregulation with long-term impacts on human and animal health. However, the underlying mechanisms and dynamics of altered of HPA axis function, in particular at the level of pituitary corticotrophs, during a period of chronic stress and in the weeks after its cessation (defined as \u201crecovery\u201d) are very poorly understood. Here, we address the fundamental question of how a period of chronic stress results in altered anterior pituitary corticotroph function and whether this persists in recovery, as well as the transcriptomic changes underlying this. We demonstrate that, in mice, spontaneous and corticotrophin-releasing hormone-stimulated electrical excitability of corticotrophs, essential for ACTH secretion, is suppressed for weeks to months of recovery following a period of chronic stress. Surprisingly, there are only modest changes in the corticotroph transcriptome during the period of stress, but major alterations occur in recovery. Importantly, although transcriptional changes for a large proportion of mRNAs follow the time course suppression of corticotroph excitability, many other genes display highly dynamic transcriptional changes with distinct time courses throughout recovery. Taken together, this suggests that chronic stress results in complex dynamic transcriptional and functional changes in corticotroph physiology, which are highly dynamic for weeks following cessation of chronic stress. These insights provide a fundamental new framework to further understand underlying molecular mechanisms as well approaches to both diagnosis and treatment of stress-related dysfunction of the HPA axis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqae139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T18:07:31Z","timestamp":1729274851000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Long-term, Dynamic Remodelling of the Corticotroph Transcriptome and Excitability After a Period of Chronic Stress"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5201-6272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J","family":"Duncan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9AG ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1316-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Roman\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9AG ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Joint Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Haining 314400 ,","place":["PR China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2899-0486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sooraj V","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9AG ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"McClafferty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9AG ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7220-5705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Le Tissier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9AG ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Joint Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Haining 314400 ,","place":["PR China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7544-582X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J","family":"Shipston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9AG ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Joint Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Haining 314400 ,","place":["PR China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1683","article-title":"Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease","volume":"6","author":"de Kloet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B2","first-page":"470","article-title":"Dynamics of ACTH and cortisol secretion and implications for disease","volume":"41","author":"Lightman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0228-0","article-title":"The human stress response","volume":"15","author":"Russell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0733-19.2019","article-title":"Revisiting the stress concept: implications for affective disorders","volume":"40","author":"McEwen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.08.023","article-title":"HPA axis responsiveness to stress: implications for healthy aging","volume":"46","author":"Aguilera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2019.07.005","article-title":"Temporally tuned corticosteroid feedback regulation of the stress axis","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2021.105641","article-title":"The neuroendocrinology of stress: glucocorticoid signaling mechanisms","volume":"137","author":"Herman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-5-1-1","article-title":"Corticosteroid inhibition of ACTH secretion","volume":"5","author":"Keller-Wood","year":"1984","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coemr.2022.100358","article-title":"Glucocorticoid action in the anterior pituitary gland: insights from corticotroph physiology","volume":"25","author":"Shipston","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1159\/000523975","article-title":"Basic concepts and hormonal regulators of the stress system","volume":"96","author":"Kazakou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9510","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20209510","article-title":"A new model for the HPA axis explains dysregulation of stress hormones on the timescale of weeks","volume":"16","author":"Karin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Systems Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2020.1859475","article-title":"Brain mechanisms of HPA axis regulation: neurocircuitry and feedback in context Richard Kvetnansky lecture","volume":"23","author":"Herman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stress"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1641","article-title":"Sensitization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in a male rat chronic stress model","volume":"157","author":"Franco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1113\/JP282367","article-title":"Chronic stress facilitates bursting electrical activity in pituitary corticotrophs","volume":"600","author":"Duncan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1006\/frne.1994.1013","article-title":"Regulation of pituitary ACTH secretion during chronic stress","volume":"15","author":"Aguilera","year":"1994","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabe4497","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abe4497","article-title":"Single-cell molecular profiling of all three components of the HPA axis reveals adrenal ABCB1 as a regulator of stress adaptation","volume":"7","author":"Lopez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20754","article-title":"Optimization of chronic stress paradigms using anxiety- and depression-like behavioral parameters","volume":"83","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2015.284471","article-title":"Large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels promote secretagogue-induced transition from spiking to bursting in murine anterior pituitary corticotrophs","volume":"593","author":"Duncan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.118190","article-title":"Real-time kinetic modeling of voltage-gated ion channels using dynamic clamp","volume":"95","author":"Milescu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biophysical J"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1115","article-title":"Glucocorticoids inhibit CRH\/AVP-evoked bursting activity of male murine anterior pituitary corticotrophs","volume":"157","author":"Duncan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205162","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1205162","article-title":"Sex differences in pituitary corticotroph excitability","volume":"14","author":"Duncan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"46","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16855","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3235-11.2011","article-title":"Fast-activating voltage- and calcium-dependent potassium (BK) conductance promotes bursting in pituitary cells: a dynamic clamp study","volume":"31","author":"Tabak","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003118","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003118","article-title":"Software for computing and annotating genomic ranges","volume":"9","author":"Lawrence","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"lqaa078","DOI":"10.1093\/nargab\/lqaa078","article-title":"ComBat-seq: batch effect adjustment for RNA-seq count data","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"NAR Genom Bioinform"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty895","article-title":"Heavy-tailed prior distributions for sequence count data: removing the noise and preserving large differences","volume":"35","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz931","article-title":"ShinyGO: a graphical gene-set enrichment tool for animals and plants","volume":"36","author":"Ge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duncan PJ, Romano N, Nair SV, et al \u00a0Long-term, dynamic remodelling of the corticotroph transcriptome and excitability after a period of chronic stress. Edinburgh Datashare. 2024. Doi:10.7488\/ds\/7791. Deposited 23 August 2024.","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqae139"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1007769","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1007769","article-title":"Ion channel noise shapes the electrical activity of endocrine cells","volume":"16","author":"Richards","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Comp Biol"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59142","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.59142","article-title":"Pituitary stem cells produce paracrine WNT signals to control the expansion of their descendant progenitor cells","volume":"10","author":"Russell","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3215","DOI":"10.1210\/EN.2015-1265","article-title":"Rapid glucocorticoid feedback inhibition of ACTH secretion involves ligand-dependent membrane association of glucocorticoid receptors","volume":"156","author":"Deng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.11.016","article-title":"Gene expression profiling in hypothalamus of immobilization-stressed mouse using cDNA microarray","volume":"135","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res Mol Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.04.005","article-title":"Sex difference in mouse hypothalamic transcriptome profile in stress-induced depression model","volume":"486","author":"Karisetty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3289187","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3289187","article-title":"Dysfunction in ribosomal gene expression in the hypothalamus and hippocampus following chronic social defeat stress in male mice as revealed by RNA-seq","volume":"2016","author":"Smagin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1011645","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011645","article-title":"Major depressive disorder and bistability in an HPA-CNS toggle switch","volume":"19","author":"Ron Mizrachi","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.04.015","article-title":"Circuit-wide transcriptional profiling reveals brain region-specific gene networks regulating depression susceptibility","volume":"90","author":"Bagot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2013.175","article-title":"Hippocampal gene expression changes underlying stress sensitization and recovery","volume":"19","author":"Gray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2022.105670","article-title":"The co-chaperone FKBP51 modulates HPA axis activity and age-related maladaptation of the stress system in pituitary proopiomelanocortin cells","volume":"138","author":"Brix","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101542","article-title":"Transcription factor Creb3l1 maintains proteostasis in neuroendocrine cells","volume":"63","author":"Greenwood","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12851","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12851","article-title":"Transcription factor Creb3l1 regulates the synthesis of prohormone convertase enzyme PC1\/3 in endocrine cells","volume":"32","author":"Greenwood","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11894-3","article-title":"Pituitary cell translation and secretory capacities are enhanced cell autonomously by the transcription factor Creb3l2","volume":"10","author":"Khetchoumian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2008.07.001","article-title":"Habituation to repeated stress: get used to it","volume":"92","author":"Grissom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2016.1192120","article-title":"Learning about stress: neural, endocrine and behavioral adaptations","volume":"19","author":"McCarty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.10.004","article-title":"Optimizing laboratory animal stress paradigms: the H-H* experimental design","volume":"75","author":"McCarty","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.06.013","article-title":"Adaptation of the hypothalamus\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis to daily repeated stress does not follow the rules of habituation: a new perspective","volume":"56","author":"Rabasa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000035721.12441.17","article-title":"Dissociation between reactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system to repeated psychosocial stress","volume":"65","author":"Schommer NC","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0007-1331.2002.00792.x","article-title":"Lesions of the posterior paraventricular thalamus block habituation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to repeated restraint","volume":"14","author":"Bhatnagar","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.04.006","article-title":"Medial prefrontal cortex activity can disrupt the expression of stress response habituation","volume":"168","author":"Weinberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"16","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7735","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291723001666","article-title":"Neural habituation during acute stress signals a blunted endocrine response and poor resilience","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024112608405036700_bqae139-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.02.001","article-title":"Identifying hormonal habituation in field studies of stress","volume":"161","author":"Cyr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen Comparative Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqae139\/59880877\/bqae139.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/165\/12\/bqae139\/60813181\/bqae139.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/165\/12\/bqae139\/60813181\/bqae139.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T08:42:08Z","timestamp":1732610528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqae139\/7826693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqae139","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"article-number":"bqae139"}}