{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T01:49:03Z","timestamp":1783648143730,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB028848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB028848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20\/US\/3676"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20\/US\/3676"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001602","name":"Science Foundation Ireland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13\/RC\/2073 P2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13\/RC\/2073 P2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001602","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swiss 3R Competence Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy of the adrenal cortex that is associated with a poor prognosis. Developing effective treatment options for ACC is challenging owing to the current lack of representative preclinical models. This study addressed this limitation by developing and characterizing 3-dimensional (3D) cell cultures incorporating the ACC cell lines, MUC-1, HAC15, and H295R in a type I collagen matrix. ACC tissue samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to determine the presence of type I collagen in the tumor microenvironment. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes and steroid secretion was analyzed by comparing the 3D and monolayer cell culture models. All cells were successfully cultured in a type I collagen matrix, which is highly expressed in the ACC tumor microenvironment and showed optimal viability until day 7. All 3 models showed increased metabolic and proliferative activity over time. Three-dimensional cell cultures were steroidogenic and demonstrated increased resistance to the gold standard chemotherapy, mitotane, compared with monolayer. The use of these models may lead to an improved understanding of disease pathology and provide a better representative platform for testing and screening of potential therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqae159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T19:21:51Z","timestamp":1733858511000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Development and Characterization of 3-Dimensional Cell Culture Models of Adrenocortical Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"166","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8935-2082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Feely","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7266-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan","family":"Mullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Padraig T","family":"Donlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Reidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritihaas Surya","family":"Challapalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Hassany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sorushanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Ribes","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY 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Galway, H91 TK33 ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Harhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of Galway , Galway, H91 TK33 ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway , Galway, H91 V4AY ,","place":["Ireland"]},{"name":"Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Research Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), Biomedical Science Building, University of Galway , Galway, H91 TK33 ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constanze","family":"Hantel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of 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