{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T14:15:11Z","timestamp":1780323311254,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH123544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH123544"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21ES035848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21ES035848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30ES005022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30ES005022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32ES007148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32ES007148"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are ubiquitous flame-retardant additives with endocrine-disrupting properties. Despite increasing evidence that OPFRs affect neurodevelopment, their effects on the neuroendocrine stress response remain poorly understood. To examine their long-term effect on stress regulation, we treated pregnant C57Bl\/6J dams to a mixture of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), and tricresyl phosphate (TCP; 1\u2005mg\/kg each) from gestational day (GD) 7 through postnatal day (PND) 14. Adult offspring (age 8-9 weeks) were then challenged with acute stressors, including 1-hour restraint or a 6-day acute variable stress (AVS) paradigm. Perinatal OPFR exposure produced persistent, sex-specific alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and stress-related neurocircuitry. Following 1-hour restraint, OPFR-treated females showed heightened serum corticosterone. In addition, gene expression analysis revealed sex-dependent disruptions in key stress-regulatory pathways after OPFR treatment and 1-hour restraint in the hypothalamus (Crhr1, Crhr2, Ptpn5) and pituitary (Crhr1, Pomc, Nr3c1). Females demonstrated more differences in adrenal gene expression related to steroidogenesis (Mc2r, Cyp11b2) and catecholamine biosynthesis (Dbh, Pnmt), with OPFR-treated groups having blunted responses. OPFR AVS females displayed reduced corticosterone and Crh messenger RNA in the hypothalamus, and downregulated Pacap\/Pac1r expression in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), accompanied by increased behavioral avoidance and immobility. In males, OPFR exposure led to increased BNST Pacap and Pac1r expression, along with hyperactivity and avoidance behaviors. Together, these findings demonstrate that early-life OPFR exposure induces lasting, sex-specific dysregulation of the HPA axis and associated stress circuits, highlighting OPFRs as developmental neuroendocrine disruptors with implications for mood- and stress-related disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqag051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T11:36:06Z","timestamp":1777116966000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perinatal organophosphate flame-retardant exposure alters adult stress axis and avoidance behavior in mice"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Catherine M","family":"Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, NJ 08854 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"DeLucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ 08901 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8794-7824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caylee A","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, NJ 08854 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1745-4298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Yasrebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ 08901 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savannah","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ 08901 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5300-5604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas T","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ 08901 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5426-2266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Troy A","family":"Roepke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, NJ 08854 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick, NJ 08901 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140638","article-title":"The European regulatory strategy for flame retardants\u2013the right direction but still a risk of getting lost","volume":"347","author":"de Boer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.9b00582","article-title":"Organophosphate ester flame retardants: are they a regrettable substitution for polybrominated diphenyl ethers?","volume":"6","author":"Blum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2025.154168","article-title":"Exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and phthalates alters neuronal activity and network development","volume":"515","author":"van Melis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2022.100198","article-title":"Organophosphate esters cause thyroid dysfunction via multiple signaling pathways in zebrafish brain","volume":"12","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Sci Ecotechnol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab086","article-title":"Maternal urinary organophosphate esters and alterations in maternal and neonatal thyroid hormones","volume":"190","author":"Percy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10122","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c01992","article-title":"Adverse effects of aryl organophosphate esters on reproduction","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2010.11.010","article-title":"Analytical developments and preliminary assessment of human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants from indoor dust","volume":"37","author":"Van den Eede","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10432","DOI":"10.1021\/es5025299","article-title":"Metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants and 2-ethylhexyl tetrabromobenzoate in urine from paired mothers and toddlers","volume":"48","author":"Butt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2019.03.007","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to organophosphate esters and behavioral development in young children in the pregnancy, infection, and nutrition study","volume":"73","author":"Doherty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2478\/v10102-010-0012-4","article-title":"Neurobehavioral manifestations of developmental impairment of the brain","volume":"3","author":"Dubovick\u00fd","year":"2010","journal-title":"Interdiscip Toxicol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqaf074","article-title":"Mechanisms of flame retardant toxicity and their impacts on anxiety and cognition in the brain","volume":"166","author":"Rojas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.04.004","article-title":"Association analysis between organophosphorus flame retardants exposure and the risk of depression: data from NHANES 2017\u20132018","volume":"355","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.121081","article-title":"Pregnancy-related anxiety modifies the effects of maternal exposure to organophosphate esters on preschoolers\u2019 behavioral development","volume":"271","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03480090092034","article-title":"The concepts of stress and stress system disorders: overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis","volume":"267","author":"Chrousos","year":"1992","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2013.11.001","article-title":"Gonadal steroid hormones and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis","volume":"35","author":"Handa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117503","article-title":"Dynamics and correlation of Serum cortisol and corticosterone under different physiological or stressful conditions in mice","volume":"10","author":"Gong","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"50","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16362","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1392-15.2015","article-title":"Sex differences in nucleus Accumbens transcriptome profiles associated with susceptibility versus resilience to subchronic Variable stress","volume":"35","author":"Hodes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.1","article-title":"Overshadowed by the amygdala: the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis emerges as key to psychiatric disorders","volume":"21","author":"Lebow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2014.03.002","article-title":"Development of the HPA axis: where and when do sex differences manifest?","volume":"35","author":"Panagiotakopoulos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2016.00042","article-title":"ACTH regulation of adrenal SR-B1","volume":"7","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-416687-5.00030-0","volume-title":"Essentials of Medical Biochemistry","author":"Bhagavan","year":"2015","edition":"2nd ed"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3418","article-title":"Unilateral and bilateral adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma requires adjustment of urinary and plasma metanephrine reference ranges","volume":"98","author":"Osinga","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.1995.tb00814.x","article-title":"Evidence for short-loop feedback effects of ACTH on CRF and vasopressin expression in parvocellular neurosecretory neurons","volume":"7","author":"Sawchenko","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.08.007","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor balance in control of HPA axis and behaviour","volume":"38","author":"Harris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5803","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b01237","article-title":"Potential glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid effects of nine organophosphate flame retardants","volume":"51","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07874","article-title":"New insights in the endocrine disrupting effects of three primary metabolites of organophosphate flame retardants","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqad119","article-title":"The organophosphate esters used as flame retardants and plasticizers affect H295R adrenal cell phenotypes and functions","volume":"164","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfae154","article-title":"Impact of exposure to a mixture of organophosphate esters on the adrenal glands of Sprague Dawley rats","volume":"204","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581819851502","article-title":"Toxicity of flame retardant isopropylated triphenyl phosphate: liver, adrenal, and metabolic effects","volume":"38","author":"Wade","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4316","article-title":"Toxicological effects of tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate exposure in adult male rats differ depending on the history of exposure in the neonatal period","volume":"42","author":"Akimoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab160","article-title":"Adrenal corticosteroid perturbation by the endocrine disruptor BDE-47 in a human adrenocortical cell line and male rats","volume":"162","author":"Dungar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.70041","article-title":"Chronic variable mild stress alters the transcriptome and signaling properties of the anterodorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in a sex-dependent manner","volume":"37","author":"Degroat","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2023.106920","article-title":"Chronic stress and its effects on behavior, RNA expression of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the M-current of NPY neurons","volume":"161","author":"Degroat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2020.04.001","article-title":"Sex- and age-dependent effects of maternal organophosphate flame-retardant exposure on neonatal hypothalamic and hepatic gene expression","volume":"94","author":"Adams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfx238","article-title":"Organophosphate flame-retardants alter adult mouse homeostasis and gene expression in a sex-dependent manner potentially through interactions with ER\u03b1","volume":"162","author":"Krumm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rojas CM, DeLucca J, Brown CA, et al \u00a0Supplementary materials for \u201cPerinatal Organophosphate Flame Retardant Exposure Alters Adult Stress Axis and Avoidance Behavior in Mice\u201d. Figshare. 2026. Deposited 11 May 2026. 10.6084\/m9.figshare.32244033","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqag051"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4066","article-title":"Maternal organophosphate flame-retardant exposure alters offspring energy and glucose homeostasis in a sexually dimorphic manner in mice","volume":"41","author":"Walley","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4056","article-title":"Maternal organophosphate flame-retardant exposure alters offspring feeding, locomotor and exploratory behaviors in a sexually-dimorphic manner in mice","volume":"41","author":"Walley","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Toxicol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2020.104759","article-title":"Maternal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants alters locomotor and anxiety-like behavior in male and female adult offspring","volume":"122","author":"Wiersielis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12211","article-title":"Expression of freezing and fear-potentiated startle during sustained fear in mice","volume":"14","author":"Daldrup","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2004.05.030","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to a repeated variable stress paradigm elicits behavioral and neuroendocrinological changes in the adult offspring: potential relevance to schizophrenia","volume":"156","author":"Koenig","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.169393","article-title":"Global patterns of human exposure to flame retardants indoors","volume":"912","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.01.065","article-title":"Occurrence of and human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants\/plasticizers in indoor air and dust from various microenvironments in the United States","volume":"125","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7109","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c06503","article-title":"Organophosphate flame retardants in pregnant women: sources, occurrence, and potential risks to pregnancy outcomes","volume":"57","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143836","article-title":"Association between urinary organophosphate flame retardant diesters and steroid hormones: a metabolomic study on type 2 diabetes mellitus cases and controls","volume":"756","author":"Ji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3604","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1191","article-title":"Gq protein-coupled membrane-initiated estrogen signaling rapidly excites corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in female mice","volume":"157","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4820","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c11436","article-title":"Phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers and their association with reproductive and steroid hormone levels among peripubertal-aged children: the hokkaido birth cohort study","volume":"59","author":"Ikeda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(99)00148-3","article-title":"Gender, sex steroids, corticotropin-releasing factor, nitric oxide, and the HPA response to stress","volume":"64","author":"Rivier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0846","article-title":"Gender and puberty interact on the stress-induced activation of parvocellular neurosecretory neurons and corticotropin-releasing hormone messenger ribonucleic acid expression in the rat","volume":"146","author":"Viau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4090","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14710","article-title":"Sex differences in the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis: an obstacle to antidepressant drug development?","volume":"176","author":"Kokras","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.3.7370","article-title":"Impaired basal and restraint-induced epinephrine secretion in corticotropin-releasing hormone-deficient mice","volume":"141","author":"Jeong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1038\/74255","article-title":"Abnormal adaptations to stress and impaired cardiovascular function in mice lacking corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor-2","volume":"24","author":"Coste","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-024-02016-9","article-title":"PACAP regulates neuroendocrine and behavioral stress responses via CRF-containing neurons of the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus","volume":"50","author":"Ebner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2016.tb00694.x","article-title":"Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical stress response","volume":"6","author":"Herman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2012.11.005","article-title":"Upregulation of PVN CRHR1 by gestational intermittent hypoxia selectively triggers a male-specific anxiogenic effect in rat offspring","volume":"63","author":"Fan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890701821081","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation and behavioral analysis of mouse mutants with altered glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid receptor function","volume":"11","author":"Kolber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stress"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B57","article-title":"Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors and corticosteroid homeostasis are potential targets for endocrine-disrupting chemicals","volume":"133","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6262","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c00624","article-title":"Chemical structure-related adipogenic effects of tetrabromobisphenol A and its analogues on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes","volume":"54","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.110997","article-title":"The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary axis","volume":"518","author":"Graceli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.12.010","article-title":"Effects of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate and triphenyl phosphate on receptor-associated mRNA expression in zebrafish embryos\/larvae","volume":"128-129","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aquatic Toxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9367","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66379-x","article-title":"Long term transcriptional and behavioral effects in mice developmentally exposed to a mixture of endocrine disruptors associated with delayed human neurodevelopment","volume":"10","author":"Repouskou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-60996-1_45","volume-title":"Endocrine System","author":"Sass","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-820649-2.00290-4","volume-title":"Handbook of Hormones","author":"Ubuka","year":"2021","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B64","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and\/or diethylhexyl phthalate alters stress responses in rat offspring in a sex- and dose-dependent manner","volume":"5","author":"Kaimal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Original Research. Frontiers in Toxicology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.11.023","article-title":"Stress hormone synthesis in mouse hypothalamus and adrenal gland triggered by restraint is dependent on pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide signaling","volume":"165","author":"Stroth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.09.006","article-title":"PACAP-deficient mice show attenuated corticosterone secretion and fail to develop depressive behavior during chronic social defeat stress","volume":"38","author":"Lehmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819975-6.00025-X","article-title":"Chemoarchitecture of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: neurophenotypic diversity and function","volume":"179","author":"Hammack","year":"2021","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-025-06784-0","article-title":"Quercetin ameliorates chronic restraint stress- and LPS-induced anxiety-like behaviors by modulating neuroinflammation in the lateral hypothalamus","volume":"242","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.03.014","article-title":"Sub-chronic variable stress induces sex-specific effects on glutamatergic synapses in the nucleus accumbens","volume":"350","author":"Brancato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126470","article-title":"Triphenyl phosphate permeates the blood brain barrier and induces neurotoxicity in mouse brain","volume":"252","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.123569","article-title":"The neurotoxicity of organophosphorus flame retardant tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP): main effects and its underlying mechanisms","volume":"346","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environmental Pollution"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.141901","article-title":"Potential adverse outcome pathway of neurodevelopmental toxicity, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress induction mediated by three alkyl organophosphate flame retardants in zebrafish larvae","volume":"356","author":"Yun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-019-02635-y","article-title":"Neonatal exposure to organophosphorus flame retardant TDCPP elicits neurotoxicity in mouse hippocampus via microglia-mediated inflammation in vivo and in vitro","volume":"94","author":"Zhong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113978","article-title":"Triphenyl phosphate disturbs placental tryptophan metabolism and induces neurobehavior abnormal in male offspring","volume":"243","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01646-9","article-title":"Chemogenetic activation of corticotropin-releasing factor-expressing neurons in the anterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis reduces effortful motivation behaviors","volume":"49","author":"Maita","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2025.11.013","article-title":"Bed nucleus of the stria Terminalis PACAP signaling in the dorsal medial habenula mediates depression-related behavioral responses after chronic stress","author":"Fontaine","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026051503370167300_bqag051-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2023.107792","article-title":"The functional heterogeneity of PACAP: stress, learning, and pathology","volume":"203","author":"Rajbhandari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqag051\/68225677\/bqag051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/167\/6\/bqag051\/68225677\/bqag051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article-pdf\/167\/6\/bqag051\/68225677\/bqag051.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T07:37:20Z","timestamp":1778830640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/endo\/article\/doi\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqag051\/8670258"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endocr\/bqag051","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7170","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"article-number":"bqag051"}}