{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:36:22Z","timestamp":1792647382055,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":290,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1-DK073059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1-DK073059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1-HL142250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1-HL142250"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32-HL142304-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32-HL142304-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KL2-TR003016-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KL2-TR003016-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1-TR003015-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1-TR003015-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This review takes an inclusive approach to microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus and cardiometabolic disease. In virtually every organ, dynamic interactions between the microvasculature and resident tissue elements normally modulate vascular and tissue function in a homeostatic fashion. This regulation is disordered by diabetes mellitus, by hypertension, by obesity, and by dyslipidemia individually (or combined in cardiometabolic disease), with dysfunction serving as an early marker of change. In particular, we suggest that the familiar retinal, renal, and neural complications of diabetes mellitus are late-stage manifestations of microvascular injury that begins years earlier and is often abetted by other cardiometabolic disease elements (eg, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia). We focus on evidence that microvascular dysfunction precedes anatomic microvascular disease in these organs as well as in heart, muscle, and brain. We suggest that early on, diabetes mellitus and\/or cardiometabolic disease can each cause reversible microvascular injury with accompanying dysfunction, which in time may or may not become irreversible and anatomically identifiable disease (eg, vascular basement membrane thickening, capillary rarefaction, pericyte loss, etc.). Consequences can include the familiar vision loss, renal insufficiency, and neuropathy, but also heart failure, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, and escalating metabolic dysfunction. Our understanding of normal microvascular function and early dysfunction is rapidly evolving, aided by innovative genetic and imaging tools. This is leading, in tissues like the retina, to testing novel preventive interventions at early, reversible stages of microvascular injury. Great hope lies in the possibility that some of these interventions may develop into effective therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T12:50:55Z","timestamp":1604062255000},"page":"29-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":411,"title":["Microvascular Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiometabolic Disease"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8081-1214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William B","family":"Horton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0689-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugene J","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00937.x","article-title":"Role for endothelial cell conduction in ascending vasodilatation and exercise hyperaemia in hamster skeletal muscle","volume":"536","author":"Segal","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0002","first-page":"H31","article-title":"Capillary recruitment in exercise: rate, extent, uniformity, and relation to blood flow","volume":"238","author":"Honig","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/10739680590895028","article-title":"Regulation of blood flow in the microcirculation","volume":"12","author":"Segal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microcirculation."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-014-9557-x","article-title":"Emerging roles of pericytes in the regulation of the neurovascular unit in health and disease","volume":"9","author":"Hill","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-016-3548-y","article-title":"The neurovascular unit and the pathophysiologic basis of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"255","author":"Gardner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.007","article-title":"Peri-aortic fat, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and aortic calcification: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"210","author":"Lehman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s12170-011-0214-0","article-title":"Perivascular fat and the microcirculation: relevance to insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease","volume":"6","author":"Houben","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1691","article-title":"Angiotensin II receptors modulate muscle microvascular and metabolic responses to insulin in vivo","volume":"60","author":"Chai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3901","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2587","article-title":"Angiotensin II enhances insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal but impairs insulin-induced capillary recruitment in healthy volunteers","volume":"95","author":"Jonk","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25054","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025054","article-title":"Thyroid hormone promotes remodeling of coronary resistance vessels","volume":"6","author":"Savinova","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.12.2682","article-title":"Physiologic hyperinsulinemia enhances human skeletal muscle perfusion by capillary recruitment","volume":"50","author":"Coggins","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3293","article-title":"Insulin enhances endothelial function throughout the arterial tree in healthy but not metabolic syndrome subjects","volume":"101","author":"Jahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12114","article-title":"Insulin-induced changes in microvascular vasomotion and capillary recruitment are associated in humans","volume":"21","author":"de Boer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microcirculation."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-1073","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide 1 recruits microvasculature and increases glucose use in muscle via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism","volume":"61","author":"Chai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1191","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00497.2005","article-title":"Mixed meal and light exercise each recruit muscle capillaries in healthy humans","volume":"290","author":"Vincent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"14","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401","article-title":"The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"329","author":"Control","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"9131","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6","article-title":"Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)","volume":"352","author":"UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-2470","article-title":"Prevalence of diabetes complications in adolescents with type 2 compared with type 1 diabetes","volume":"29","author":"Eppens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.0686","article-title":"Association of type 1 diabetes vs type 2 diabetes diagnosed during childhood and adolescence with complications during teenage years and young adulthood","volume":"317","author":"Dabelea","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.08.007","article-title":"Retinopathy signs in people without diabetes: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis","volume":"118","author":"Ojaimi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.223545","article-title":"Oxidative stress and diabetic complications","volume":"107","author":"Giacco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.306923","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders in diabetes","volume":"118","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4343","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01922","article-title":"Diabetic microvascular disease: an Endocrine Society Scientific Statement","volume":"102","author":"Barrett","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1133","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00402.2010","article-title":"Adaptive induction of NF-E2-related factor-2-driven antioxidant genes in endothelial cells in response to hyperglycemia","volume":"300","author":"Ungvari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.306923","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders in diabetes","volume":"118","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"6865","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1038\/414813a","article-title":"Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications","volume":"414","author":"Brownlee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0027","first-page":"CD006127","article-title":"Blood pressure control for diabetic retinopathy","volume":"1","author":"Do","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(81)34978-1","article-title":"Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: clinical application of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) findings, DRS Report Number 8","volume":"88","author":"Group DRSR","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3255","article-title":"Five-year outcomes of panretinal photocoagulation vs intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"136","author":"Gross","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.02.022","article-title":"Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: two-year results from a comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial","volume":"123","author":"Wells","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"issue":"10085","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31193-5","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept versus panretinal photocoagulation for best corrected visual acuity in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy at 52 weeks (CLARITY): a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised, controlled, phase 2b, non-inferiority trial","volume":"389","author":"Sivaprasad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1985.01050110038020","article-title":"Early vitrectomy for severe vitreous hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy","volume":"103","author":"Two-year results of a randomized trial. Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study report 2. The Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Research Group","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"14","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401","article-title":"The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"329","author":"Diabetes C, Complications Trial Research G","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.04.021","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic retinopathy: a prospective pilot study","volume":"160","author":"Ishibazawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"13","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8154","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10290","article-title":"Retinal thickness in people with diabetes and minimal or no diabetic retinopathy: Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography","volume":"53","author":"Chalam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.5.000961","article-title":"In vivo adaptive optics microvascular imaging in diabetic patients without clinically severe diabetic retinopathy","volume":"5","author":"Burns","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-016-0037-8","article-title":"Human retinal microvascular imaging using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy","volume":"2","author":"Chui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Retina Vitreous."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.06.003","article-title":"Glia-neuron interactions in the mammalian retina","volume":"51","author":"Vecino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132812Y.0000000019","article-title":"Injury and repair in the neurovascular unit","volume":"34","author":"Xing","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurol Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e434","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2012.02445.x","article-title":"Comparison of retinal vasodilator and constrictor responses in type 2 diabetes","volume":"90","author":"Lott","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"1672","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140195","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0195","article-title":"Glial cell regulation of neuronal activity and blood flow in the retina by release of gliotransmitters","volume":"370","author":"Newman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10873","article-title":"Neurovascular dysfunction precedes neural dysfunction in the retina of patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"54","author":"Lasta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"issue":"22","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.785","article-title":"Beyond hemoglobin A1c\u2013need for additional markers of risk for diabetic microvascular complications","volume":"303","author":"Hirsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100140281004","article-title":"Association of elevated serum lipid levels with retinal hard exudate in diabetic retinopathy: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) Report 22","volume":"114","author":"Chew","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Ophthal."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.2337\/db18-1077","article-title":"Multimodal imaging of the initial stages of diabetic retinopathy: different disease pathways in different patients","volume":"68","author":"Marques","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000862","article-title":"Retinal vascular perfusion density mapping using optical coherence tomography angiography in normals and diabetic retinopathy patients","volume":"35","author":"Agemy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retina."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001916","article-title":"Impact of hypertension on retinal capillary microvasculature using optical coherence tomographic angiography","volume":"37","author":"Chua","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hypertens."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.2337\/db18-0682","article-title":"Effects of topically administered neuroprotective drugs in early stages of diabetic retinopathy: results of the EUROCONDOR clinical trial","volume":"68","author":"Sim\u00f3","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2017.12.005","article-title":"Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: clinical insights and vascular mechanisms","volume":"34","author":"Petrie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4867","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05159-6","article-title":"Predictors of development and progression of retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: importance of blood pressure parameters","volume":"7","author":"Cardoso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.5115","article-title":"A novel brain neurovascular unit model with neurons, astrocytes and microvascular endothelial cells of rat","volume":"9","author":"Xue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.01.003","article-title":"The blood-brain barrier in health and chronic neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"57","author":"Zlokovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0053","first-page":"E267","article-title":"Glucose utilization and glucose transporter proteins GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 in brains of diabetic (db\/db) mice","volume":"272","author":"Vannucci","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-002-0853-2","article-title":"Morpho-functional studies of the blood-brain barrier in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"45","author":"Bouchard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15610340","article-title":"What is a pericyte?","volume":"36","author":"Attwell","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00282","article-title":"Pericytes and neurovascular function in the healthy and diseased brain","volume":"13","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci."},{"issue":"7494","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13165","article-title":"Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease","volume":"508","author":"Hall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1824","article-title":"Astrocyte\u2013endothelial interactions at the blood\u2013brain barrier","volume":"7","author":"Abbott","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00938.2005","article-title":"Role of astrocytes in cerebrovascular regulation","volume":"100","author":"Koehler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4285-4","article-title":"Unravelling the regulation of insulin transport across the brain endothelial cell","volume":"60","author":"Gray","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C125","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00240.2017","article-title":"Insulin transport into the brain","volume":"315","author":"Gray","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.153.3.543","article-title":"Lack of pericytes leads to endothelial hyperplasia and abnormal vascular morphogenesis","volume":"153","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Biol."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2013.02.007","article-title":"Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system improves cerebral microcirculatory perfusion in diabetic hypertensive rats","volume":"87","author":"Estato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microvasc Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu080","article-title":"Aging exacerbates obesity-induced cerebromicrovascular rarefaction, neurovascular uncoupling, and cognitive decline in mice","volume":"69","author":"Tucsek","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI125173","article-title":"Nox2 contributes to age-related oxidative damage to neurons and the cerebral vasculature","volume":"129","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70284-2","article-title":"Risk of dementia in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Biessels","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050588","article-title":"Association of diabetes mellitus and dementia: the Rotterdam Study","volume":"39","author":"Ott","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0272","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and risk for incident Alzheimer\u2019s disease or vascular dementia: the Three-City Study","volume":"32","author":"Raffaitin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.09.016","article-title":"Body mass index and risk of dementia: analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals","volume":"14","author":"Kivim\u00e4ki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00033-9","article-title":"BMI and risk of dementia in two million people over two decades: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Qizilbash","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.2174\/156720507780362047","article-title":"Body mass index in midlife and risk of Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia","volume":"4","author":"Whitmer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0072","first-page":"214","article-title":"Thickened cerebral cortical capillary basement membranes in diabetics","volume":"106","author":"Johnson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(90)90007-M","article-title":"Microangiopathy, the vascular basement membrane and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a review","volume":"24","author":"Perlmutter","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4036","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0143","article-title":"Brain atrophy in type 2 diabetes: regional distribution and influence on cognition","volume":"36","author":"Moran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004166","article-title":"Retinal microvascular abnormalities predict progression of brain microvascular disease: an atherosclerosis risk in communities magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"45","author":"Hanff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4288","article-title":"Pericytes of the neurovascular unit: key functions and signaling pathways","volume":"19","author":"Sweeney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R116.760215","article-title":"The translational significance of the neurovascular unit","volume":"292","author":"McConnell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2660","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00489.2006","article-title":"Streptozotocin-induced diabetes progressively increases blood-brain barrier permeability in specific brain regions in rats","volume":"291","author":"Huber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00686999","article-title":"Basement membrane of hypothalamus and cortex capillaries from normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes","volume":"65","author":"Junker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.185","article-title":"Brain insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer disease: concepts and conundrums","volume":"14","author":"Arnold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2174\/156720507780362263","article-title":"Relation of obesity to cognitive function: importance of central obesity and synergistic influence of concomitant hypertension. The Framingham Heart Study","volume":"4","author":"Wolf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16663214","article-title":"Insulin resistance is associated with lower arterial blood flow and reduced cortical perfusion in cognitively asymptomatic middle-aged adults","volume":"37","author":"Hoscheidt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab."},{"issue":"14","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e129700","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.129700","article-title":"Task-related fMRI bold response to hyperinsulinemia in healthy older adults.","volume":"5","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2042","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy: a position statement by the American Diabetes Association","volume":"40","author":"Pop-Busui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7898.1","article-title":"Updates in diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"5","author":"Juster-Switlyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"F1000Res."},{"issue":"15","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1503948","article-title":"CLINICAL PRACTICE. Diabetic sensory and motor neuropathy","volume":"374","author":"Vinik","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2019.02.007","article-title":"Novel insights into sensorimotor and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy from recent-onset diabetes and population-based cohorts","volume":"30","author":"Herder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00107","article-title":"Emerging biomarkers, tools, and treatments for diabetic polyneuropathy","volume":"40","author":"B\u00f6nhof","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2239","article-title":"Advances in the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy","volume":"28","author":"Tesfaye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250100001","article-title":"Vascular factors and metabolic interactions in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy","volume":"44","author":"Cameron","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328357a797","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy: one disease or two?","volume":"25","author":"Callaghan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1303","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathies: update on definitions, diagnostic criteria, estimation of severity, and treatments","volume":"33","author":"Tesfaye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.2174\/187153012800493486","article-title":"Emerging therapy for diabetic neuropathy: cell therapy targeting vessels and nerves","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI12188","article-title":"Reversal of experimental diabetic neuropathy by VEGF gene transfer","volume":"107","author":"Schratzberger","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00402283","article-title":"Endoneurial localisation of microvascular damage in human diabetic neuropathy","volume":"36","author":"Malik","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1663-5","article-title":"Sural nerve pathology in diabetic patients with minimal but progressive neuropathy","volume":"48","author":"Malik","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360312","article-title":"Ultrastructural morphometric abnormalities of sural nerve endoneurial microvessels in diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"Giannini","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.39.8.909","article-title":"Relationship of endoneurial capillary abnormalities to type and severity of diabetic polyneuropathy","volume":"39","author":"Britland","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00400205","article-title":"Morphometry of endoneurial capillaries in diabetic sensory and autonomic neuropathy","volume":"33","author":"Bradley","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2013.07.017","article-title":"Pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy: focus on neurovascular mechanisms","volume":"719","author":"Van Dam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3461-z","article-title":"The effects of capillary dysfunction on oxygen and glucose extraction in diabetic neuropathy","volume":"58","author":"\u00d8stergaard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051222","article-title":"A new minimally invasive technique to show nerve ischaemia in diabetic neuropathy","volume":"42","author":"Ibrahim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00401368","article-title":"Correlations between nerve function and tissue oxygenation in diabetic patients: further clues to the aetiology of diabetic neuropathy?","volume":"35","author":"Young","year":"1992","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1155\/EDR.2000.131","article-title":"Slowing of motor nerve conduction velocity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats is preceded by impaired vasodilation in arterioles that overlie the sciatic nerve","volume":"1","author":"Coppey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Exp Diabetes Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050096","article-title":"Reduced microvascular hyperaemia in subjects at risk of developing type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus","volume":"37","author":"Jaap","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2013.04.003","article-title":"Obesity and hyperlipidemia are risk factors for early diabetic neuropathy","volume":"27","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.01038","article-title":"Functional and structural changes of the blood-nerve-barrier in diabetic neuropathy","volume":"12","author":"Richner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0783-x","article-title":"Homeostatic regulation of the endoneurial microenvironment during development, aging and in response to trauma, disease and toxic insult","volume":"121","author":"Mizisin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00533","article-title":"The importance and control of low-grade inflammation due to damage of cellular barrier systems that may lead to systemic inflammation","volume":"10","author":"R\u00f6nnb\u00e4ck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurol."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-7-4","article-title":"Connexins: a myriad of functions extending beyond assembly of gap junction channels","volume":"7","author":"Dbouk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-938-3_6","article-title":"The blood-nerve barrier: structure and functional significance","volume":"686","author":"Weerasuriya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198705000-00006","article-title":"Altered blood-nerve barrier permeability to small molecules in experimental diabetes mellitus","volume":"46","author":"Rechthand","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol."},{"issue":"13","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4879","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.13.4879","article-title":"Increase in albumin, IgG, and IgM blood-nerve barrier indices in human diabetic neuropathy","volume":"85","author":"Poduslo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S124","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-S011","article-title":"11. Microvascular complications and foot care: standards of medical care in diabetes-2019","volume":"42","author":"American Diabetes A","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3255","article-title":"Five-year outcomes of panretinal photocoagulation vs intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"136","author":"Gross","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2114","article-title":"Neuropathy and related findings in the diabetes control and complications trial\/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study","volume":"37","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1941","article-title":"Effect of prior intensive insulin treatment during the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) on peripheral neuropathy in type 1 diabetes during the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) Study","volume":"33","author":"Albers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0118","first-page":"CD007543","article-title":"Enhanced glucose control for preventing and treating diabetic neuropathy","volume":"6","author":"Callaghan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"issue":"9739","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60576-4","article-title":"Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomised trial","volume":"376","author":"Ismail-Beigi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622314552071","article-title":"Treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy","volume":"6","author":"Javed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther Adv Chronic Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1038\/nm834","article-title":"Benfotiamine blocks three major pathways of hyperglycemic damage and prevents experimental diabetic retinopathy","volume":"9","author":"Hammes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP43071","article-title":"Benfotiamine in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy\u2013a three-week randomized, controlled pilot study (BEDIP study)","volume":"43","author":"Haupt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1211460","article-title":"A benfotiamine-vitamin B combination in treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy","volume":"104","author":"Stracke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2011.137","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy: cellular mechanisms as therapeutic targets","volume":"7","author":"Vincent","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-7739","article-title":"Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on microcirculation in patients with peripheral diabetic neuropathy","volume":"108","author":"Haak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.3.770","article-title":"The sensory symptoms of diabetic polyneuropathy are improved with alpha-lipoic acid: the SYDNEY trial","volume":"26","author":"Ametov","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.1999.00190.x","article-title":"Effects of 3-week oral treatment with the antioxidant thioctic acid (alpha-lipoic acid) in symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy","volume":"16","author":"Ruhnau","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabet Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2004.01109.x","article-title":"Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Ziegler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabet Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0503","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of antioxidant treatment with \u03b1-lipoic acid over 4 years in diabetic polyneuropathy: the NATHAN 1 trial","volume":"34","author":"Ziegler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3401","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2030","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction as a link between cardiovascular risk factors and peripheral neuropathy in diabetes","volume":"101","author":"Roustit","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-1524","article-title":"Metanx alleviates multiple manifestations of peripheral neuropathy and increases intraepidermal nerve fiber density in Zucker diabetic fatty rats","volume":"61","author":"Shevalye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.06.022","article-title":"Metanx in type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy: a randomized trial","volume":"126","author":"Fonseca","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2015.1103215","article-title":"Nutritional management of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy with L-methylfolate-methylcobalamin-pyridoxal-5-phosphate: results of a real-world patient experience trial","volume":"32","author":"Trippe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65282-0","article-title":"Rescue of diabetes-related impairment of angiogenesis by intramuscular gene therapy with adeno-VEGF","volume":"154","author":"Rivard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20150124","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor-A165b prevents diabetic neuropathic pain and sensory neuronal degeneration","volume":"129","author":"Hulse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21675","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor gene transfer for diabetic polyneuropathy: a randomized, double-blinded trial","volume":"65","author":"Ropper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16055","DOI":"10.1038\/cddiscovery.2016.55","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells to treat diabetic neuropathy: a long and strenuous way from bench to the clinic","volume":"2","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3099","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0031","article-title":"Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves diabetic polyneuropathy in rats","volume":"57","author":"Shibata","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.3727\/096368915X688209","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve diabetic neuropathy by direct modulation of both angiogenesis and myelination in peripheral nerves","volume":"25","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1224-3","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells reverse the sensorial diabetic neuropathy via modulation of spinal neuroinflammatory cascades","volume":"15","author":"Evangelista","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1084","article-title":"Diabetes impairs stem cell and proangiogenic cell mobilization in humans","volume":"36","author":"Fadini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105886","article-title":"Studies of muscle capillary basement membranes in normal subjects, diabetic, and prediabetic patients","volume":"47","author":"Siperstein","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.21.8.881","article-title":"Muscle capillary basement membrane changes related to aging and to diabetes mellitus","volume":"21","author":"Kilo","year":"1972","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.32.2.S96","article-title":"Capillary basement membranes in diabetes","volume":"32","author":"Williamson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00283744","article-title":"Permeability and morphology of skeletal muscle capillaries in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus","volume":"22","author":"Leinonen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.35.4.421","article-title":"Relationship of muscle capillary basement membrane to renal structure and function in diabetes mellitus","volume":"35","author":"Ellis","year":"1986","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00703132","article-title":"Pericyte degeneration and acellular capillaries are increased in the feet of human diabetic patients","volume":"28","author":"Tilton","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.17.5.382","article-title":"Muscle fiber composition and capillary density in women and men with NIDDM","volume":"17","author":"M\u00e5rin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.79.2.324","article-title":"Rapid microvessel rarefaction with elevated salt intake and reduced renal mass hypertension in rats","volume":"79","author":"Hansen-Smith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113088","article-title":"Skeletal muscle capillary density and fiber type are possible determinants of in vivo insulin resistance in man","volume":"80","author":"Lillioja","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0151","first-page":"5672","article-title":"Muscle-specific vascular endothelial growth factor deletion induces muscle capillary rarefaction creating muscle insulin resistance","volume":"62(2)","author":"Bonner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-2862(88)90016-7","article-title":"A study of the functional elements regulating capillary perfusion in striated muscle","volume":"36","author":"Delashaw","year":"1988","journal-title":"Microvasc Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.59.3.283","article-title":"Communication between feed arteries and microvessels in hamster striated muscle: segmental vascular responses are functionally coordinated","volume":"59","author":"Segal","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"4778","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3775368","article-title":"Flow control among microvessels coordinated by intercellular conduction","volume":"234","author":"Segal","year":"1986","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"3 Pt 2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0155","first-page":"H838","article-title":"Conduction of vasomotor responses in arterioles: a role for cell-to-cell coupling?","volume":"256","author":"Segal","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050919","article-title":"Insulin-induced vasodilatation: physiology or pharmacology?","volume":"41","author":"Yki-J\u00e4rvinen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2007.08.001","article-title":"Impaired local microvascular vasodilatory effects of insulin and reduced skin microvascular vasomotion in obese women","volume":"75","author":"de Jongh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microvasc Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0158","first-page":"69","article-title":"The effects of intravenous insulin infusion on skin microcirculatory flow in Type 1 diabetes","volume":"4","author":"Tooke","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Microcirc Clin Exp."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.9.1381","article-title":"Hemodynamic actions of insulin in rat skeletal muscle: evidence for capillary recruitment","volume":"46","author":"Rattigan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1804","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00498.2007","article-title":"Skeletal muscle capillary responses to insulin are abnormal in late-stage diabetes and are restored by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition","volume":"293","author":"Clerk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.2337\/db05-1373","article-title":"Obesity blunts insulin-mediated microvascular recruitment in human forearm muscle","volume":"55","author":"Clerk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2958","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0670","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia rapidly increases human muscle microvascular perfusion but fails to increase muscle insulin clearance: evidence that a saturable process mediates muscle insulin uptake","volume":"56","author":"Eggleston","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-2399","article-title":"Early microvascular recruitment modulates subsequent insulin-mediated skeletal muscle glucose metabolism during lipid infusion","volume":"36","author":"Eggleston","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"23","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.042","article-title":"Abnormal skeletal muscle capillary recruitment during exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microvascular complications","volume":"53","author":"Womack","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0020","article-title":"Contraction stimulates nitric oxide independent microvascular recruitment and increases muscle insulin uptake","volume":"56","author":"Inyard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2750","article-title":"Skeletal muscle microvascular-linked improvements in glycemic control from resistance training in individuals with Type 2 diabetes","volume":"40","author":"Russell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20130708","article-title":"GLP-1 at physiological concentrations recruits skeletal and cardiac muscle microvasculature in healthy humans","volume":"127","author":"Subaran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.300388","article-title":"Globular adiponectin enhances muscle insulin action via microvascular recruitment and increased insulin delivery","volume":"112","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1174","article-title":"Free fatty acids induce insulin resistance in both cardiac and skeletal muscle microvasculature in humans","volume":"96","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E654","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00119.2003","article-title":"TNF-alpha acutely inhibits vascular effects of physiological but not high insulin or contraction","volume":"285","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118871","article-title":"Insulin-stimulated production of nitric oxide is inhibited by wortmannin. Direct measurement in vascular endothelial cells","volume":"98","author":"Zeng","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E123","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00021.2003","article-title":"Inhibiting NOS blocks microvascular recruitment and blunts muscle glucose uptake in response to insulin","volume":"285","author":"Vincent","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117433","article-title":"Insulin-mediated skeletal muscle vasodilation is nitric oxide dependent. A novel action of insulin to increase nitric oxide release","volume":"94","author":"Steinberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.01.018","article-title":"Impaired insulin signaling in endothelial cells reduces insulin-induced glucose uptake by skeletal muscle","volume":"13","author":"Kubota","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"34","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)54489-6","article-title":"Stimulation of endothelin-1 gene expression by insulin in endothelial cells","volume":"266","author":"Oliver","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI5971","article-title":"Characterization of selective resistance to insulin signaling in the vasculature of obese Zucker (fa\/fa) rats","volume":"104","author":"Jiang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3517","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.12.3517","article-title":"Endothelin contributes to basal vascular tone and endothelial dysfunction in human obesity and type 2 diabetes","volume":"51","author":"Mather","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1077","article-title":"Muscle contraction, but not insulin, increases microvascular blood volume in the presence of free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance","volume":"58","author":"Inyard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11235","article-title":"Hyperglycemia inhibits endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity by posttranslational modification at the Akt site","volume":"108","author":"Du","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E222","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00473.2012","article-title":"Protein kinase A mediates glucagon-like peptide 1-induced nitric oxide production and muscle microvascular recruitment","volume":"304","author":"Dong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.21.5.618","article-title":"Reflex sympathetic activation induces acute insulin resistance in the human forearm","volume":"21","author":"Jamerson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00113.2018","article-title":"Microvascular mechanisms limiting skeletal muscle blood flow with advancing age","volume":"125","author":"Socha","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"7420","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11464","article-title":"Targeting VEGF-B as a novel treatment for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes","volume":"490","author":"Hagberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4057","article-title":"A branched-chain amino acid metabolite drives vascular fatty acid transport and causes insulin resistance","volume":"22","author":"Jang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E804","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00077.2004","article-title":"Skeletal muscle contraction stimulates capillary recruitment and glucose uptake in insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats","volume":"287","author":"Wheatley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H326","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00635.2015","article-title":"Advances and challenges in skeletal muscle angiogenesis","volume":"310","author":"Olfert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113088","article-title":"Skeletal muscle capillary density and fiber type are possible determinants of in vivo insulin resistance in man","volume":"80","author":"Lillioja","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.12.2659","article-title":"Exercise training improves insulin-mediated capillary recruitment in association with glucose uptake in rat hindlimb","volume":"50","author":"Rattigan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0034","article-title":"Nontraditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in diabetes","volume":"25","author":"Fonseca","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0833-1","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction is associated with poor glycemic control amongst female diabetics with chest pain and non-obstructive coronary artery disease","volume":"18","author":"Sara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol."},{"issue":"17","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht513","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction: an update","volume":"35","author":"Crea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"issue":"45","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv100","article-title":"Coronary vascular regulation, remodelling, and collateralization: mechanisms and clinical implications on behalf of the working group on coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation","volume":"36","author":"Pries","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060516675504","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus","volume":"45","author":"Kibel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Int Med Res."},{"issue":"31","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht149","article-title":"Diabetes and vascular disease: pathophysiology, clinical consequences, and medical therapy: part I","volume":"34","author":"Paneni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1339","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00458.2015","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction after long-term diabetes and hypercholesterolemia","volume":"311","author":"Sorop","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2002","article-title":"Cardiac endothelial-myocardial signaling: its role in cardiac growth, contractile performance, and rhythmicity","volume":"83","author":"Brutsaert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2004.02.005","article-title":"The coronary microcirculation in health and disease","volume":"22","author":"Wei","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2014.12.002","article-title":"Regulation of coronary blood flow in health and ischemic heart disease","volume":"57","author":"Duncker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2014.160","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction: mechanisms and functional assessment","volume":"12","author":"Camici","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00045.2006","article-title":"Regulation of coronary blood flow during exercise","volume":"88","author":"Duncker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12255","article-title":"Endothelium-derived hyperpolarization and coronary vasodilation: diverse and integrated roles of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, hydrogen peroxide, and gap junctions","volume":"23","author":"Ellinsworth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microcirculation."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2011.05.002","article-title":"Microvascular coronary dysfunction in women: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management","volume":"36","author":"Kothawade","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.01.06.dc05-1422","article-title":"Impaired coronary endothelium-dependent vasodilation is associated with microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and angiographically normal coronary arteries","volume":"29","author":"Cosson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00327-6","article-title":"Reduced myocardial flow reserve in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"30","author":"Yokoyama","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.12.023","article-title":"Endothelial function in individuals with coronary artery disease with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"59","author":"Reyes-Soffer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Metabolism."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.10.058","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus-induced microvascular destabilization in the myocardium","volume":"69","author":"Hinkel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2003.10.006","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiogenesis in myocardium of obese Zucker rats","volume":"17","author":"Toblli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003995","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003995","article-title":"Bimodal pattern of coronary microvascular involvement in diabetes mellitus","volume":"5","author":"Sezer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703393","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes","volume":"130","author":"De Vriese","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2060","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01124.2001","article-title":"Impaired endothelium-mediated relaxation in isolated cerebral arteries from insulin-resistant rats","volume":"282","author":"Erd\u00f6s","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v2.i11.377","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus: a review","volume":"2","author":"Picchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2011.08.028","article-title":"The coronary circulation and blood flow in left ventricular hypertrophy","volume":"52","author":"Camici","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra061889","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction","volume":"356","author":"Camici","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e006427","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.117.006427","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of coronary microvascular function: dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"10","author":"Feher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi18-0053","article-title":"Linking coronary microvascular and cardiac diastolic dysfunction in diabetes: are women more vulnerable?","volume":"68","author":"Bender","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"21","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.900191","article-title":"Primary coronary microvascular dysfunction: clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management","volume":"121","author":"Lanza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"21","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.042","article-title":"Coronary microvascular disease pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic options: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"72","author":"Taqueti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2014.12.008","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction, microvascular angina, and treatment strategies","volume":"8","author":"Marinescu","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.071","article-title":"Gadolinium-free cardiac MR stress T1-mapping to distinguish epicardial from microvascular coronary disease","volume":"71","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.12.046","article-title":"Diagnosis of microvascular angina using cardiac magnetic resonance","volume":"71","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000924","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2018-000924","article-title":"Rationale and design of the Coronary Microvascular Angina Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CorCMR) diagnostic study: the CorMicA CMR sub-study","volume":"5","author":"Corcoran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Heart."},{"issue":"6 Pt 2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0222","first-page":"H2100","article-title":"Morphometry of pig coronary venous system","volume":"267","author":"Kassab","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","article-title":"A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation","volume":"62","author":"Paulus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.02.030","article-title":"Microvascular complications in diabetes: a growing concern for cardiologists","volume":"291","author":"Avogaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol."},{"issue":"24","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3152","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.742312","article-title":"Microvascular obstruction and the no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"117","author":"Jaffe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-308403","article-title":"Evidence of microvascular dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"102","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1033","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00680.2017","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"314","author":"Dryer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13107","article-title":"A new door opens, but it is essential to accumulate further clinical evidence to control heart failure in diabetes with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"10","author":"Kashiwagi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20051197","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms responsible for diastolic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus patients","volume":"20","author":"Nikolajevic Starcevic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2515","article-title":"Microvascular disease in patients with diabetes with heart failure and reduced ejection versus preserved ejection fraction","volume":"42","author":"Tromp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"20","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3561","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13734","article-title":"Role of PVAT in coronary atherosclerosis and vein graft patency: friend or foe?","volume":"174","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Alfonso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"issue":"20","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-312324","article-title":"Perivascular adipose tissue and coronary atherosclerosis","volume":"104","author":"Mancio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0777-x","article-title":"Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword","volume":"17","author":"Qi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev209","article-title":"Quantification of epicardial and intrathoracic fat volume does not provide an added prognostic value as an adjunct to coronary artery calcium score and myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography","volume":"17","author":"Possner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S371","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-s250","article-title":"Myocardial, perivascular, and epicardial fat","volume":"34","author":"Iozzo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.303033","article-title":"Perivascular adipose tissue and coronary vascular disease","volume":"34","author":"Owen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.110.215525","article-title":"Perivascular adipose tissue-derived complement 3 is required for adventitial fibroblast functions and adventitial remodeling in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats","volume":"30","author":"Ruan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.263186","article-title":"Lymphocytes and the adventitial immune response in atherosclerosis","volume":"110","author":"Campbell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-017-0393-7","article-title":"Nerve-perivascular fat communication as a potential influence on the performance of blood vessels used as coronary artery bypass grafts","volume":"12","author":"Loesch","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Commun Signal."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2009.10.013","article-title":"Echocardiographic epicardial fat: a review of research and clinical applications","volume":"22","author":"Iacobellis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpcardio0319","article-title":"Epicardial adipose tissue: anatomic, biomolecular and clinical relationships with the heart","volume":"2","author":"Iacobellis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00253","article-title":"Perivascular adipose tissue as a relevant fat depot for cardiovascular risk in obesity","volume":"9","author":"Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.303828","article-title":"Reciprocal effects of systemic inflammation and brain natriuretic peptide on adiponectin biosynthesis in adipose tissue of patients with ischemic heart disease","volume":"34","author":"Antonopoulos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.307856","article-title":"Mutual regulation of epicardial adipose tissue and myocardial redox state by PPAR-\u03b3\/adiponectin signalling","volume":"118","author":"Antonopoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"398","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaal2658","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal2658","article-title":"Detecting human coronary inflammation by imaging perivascular fat","volume":"9","author":"Antonopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2014-0048","article-title":"The role of perivascular adipose tissue in vasoconstriction, arterial stiffness, and aneurysm","volume":"21","author":"Villacorta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004979","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.116.004979","article-title":"Microvascular function contributes to the relation between aortic stiffness and cardiovascular events: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"9","author":"Cooper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.07.004","article-title":"Increased spatial vasa vasorum density in the proximal LAD in hypercholesterolemia\u2013implications for vulnerable plaque-development","volume":"192","author":"G\u00f6ssl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.6.3.326","article-title":"Blood flow through vasa vasorum of coronary arteries in atherosclerotic monkeys","volume":"6","author":"Heistad","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(95)90148-5","article-title":"Intimal neovascularization in human coronary atherosclerosis: its origin and pathophysiological significance","volume":"26","author":"Kumamoto","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum Pathol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.09.038","article-title":"Relation between epicardial fat thickness and coronary flow reserve in women with chest pain and angiographically normal coronary arteries","volume":"204","author":"Sade","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.046","article-title":"Coronary adventitial and perivascular adipose tissue inflammation in patients with vasospastic angina","volume":"71","author":"Ohyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"10151","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31114-0","article-title":"Non-invasive detection of coronary inflammation using computed tomography and prediction of residual cardiovascular risk (the CRISP CT study): a post-hoc analysis of prospective outcome data","volume":"392","author":"Oikonomou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-0995-x","article-title":"Relation of cardiac adipose tissue to coronary calcification and myocardial microvascular function in type 1 and type 2 diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Zobel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0255","first-page":"478","article-title":"Coronary microcirculatory pathophysiology: can we afford it to remain a black box?","volume":"38","author":"Pries","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3919","DOI":"10.1113\/JP273120","article-title":"Cardiac sympathetic innervation, from a different point of (re)view","volume":"595","author":"Zaglia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2013.09.005","article-title":"In situ three-dimensional reconstruction of mouse heart sympathetic innervation by two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging","volume":"221","author":"Freeman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-010-0114-6","article-title":"Hypertension management and microvascular insulin resistance in diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Ko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.10924","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of kidney disease among US adults with diabetes, 1988-2014","volume":"316","author":"Afkarian","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010010010","article-title":"Pathologic classification of diabetic nephropathy","volume":"21","author":"Tervaert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08319","article-title":"Small vessels, big role: renal microcirculation and progression of renal injury","volume":"69","author":"Chade","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008101117","article-title":"Slit diaphragms contain tight junction proteins","volume":"20","author":"Fukasawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3748","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015111219","article-title":"Capillary rarefaction associates with albuminuria: the Maastricht Study","volume":"27","author":"Martens","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-0796","article-title":"Proximal tubulopathy: prime mover and key therapeutic target in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"66","author":"Gilbert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"20","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311113292004","article-title":"The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group","volume":"329","author":"Lewis","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011303","article-title":"Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes","volume":"345","author":"Lewis","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011161","article-title":"Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy","volume":"345","author":"Brenner","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"23","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021835","article-title":"Regression of microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes","volume":"348","author":"Perkins","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.4.1036","article-title":"Low glomerular filtration rate in normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetic patients: an indicator of more advanced glomerular lesions","volume":"52","author":"Caramori","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2786","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016101101","article-title":"Plasma biomarkers and kidney function decline in early and established diabetic kidney disease","volume":"28","author":"Coca","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1515920","article-title":"Empagliflozin and progression of kidney disease in Type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Wanner","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611925","article-title":"Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in Type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Neal","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"24","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1811744","article-title":"Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in Type 2 diabetes and nephropathy","volume":"380","author":"Perkovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30180-9","article-title":"Effects of dapagliflozin on development and progression of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the DECLARE-TIMI 58 randomised trial","volume":"7","author":"Mosenzon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005081","article-title":"Renal hemodynamic effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"129","author":"Cherney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.09.013","article-title":"The renal hemodynamic effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin are caused by post-glomerular vasodilatation rather than pre-glomerular vasoconstriction in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes in the randomized, double-blind RED trial","volume":"97","author":"van Bommel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1159\/000326763","article-title":"Genomewide linkage scan for diabetic renal failure and albuminuria: the FIND study","volume":"33","author":"Igo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.568","article-title":"New loci associated with kidney function and chronic kidney disease","volume":"42","author":"K\u00f6ttgen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4888","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI66218","article-title":"AMPK dysregulation promotes diabetes-related reduction of superoxide and mitochondrial function","volume":"123","author":"Dugan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"18","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.991869","article-title":"Effect of renal sympathetic denervation on glucose metabolism in patients with resistant hypertension: a pilot study","volume":"123","author":"Mahfoud","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020911-153238","article-title":"Cell biology and pathology of podocytes","volume":"74","author":"Greka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.08.015","article-title":"Insulin signaling to the glomerular podocyte is critical for normal kidney function","volume":"12","author":"Welsh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.13057","article-title":"Diabetes induced changes in podocyte morphology and gene expression evaluated using GFP transgenic podocytes","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119163","article-title":"Podocyte loss and progressive glomerular injury in type II diabetes","volume":"99","author":"Pagtalunan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.9.1379","article-title":"Urinary excretion of podocytes in patients with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"15","author":"Nakamura","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"issue":"46","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39933","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.241620","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 direct interaction with nephrin links VEGF-A signals to actin in kidney podocytes","volume":"286","author":"Bertuccio","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0287","first-page":"1645","article-title":"Adiponectin regulates albuminuria and podocyte function in mice","volume":"118","author":"Sharma","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012040414","article-title":"Adiponectin promotes functional recovery after podocyte ablation","volume":"24","author":"Rutkowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1258\/ebm.2011.010218","article-title":"Adiponectin reduces proteinuria in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats","volume":"236","author":"Nakamaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021121110212203300_CIT0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1765","article-title":"Adiponectin and its receptors in diabetic kidney disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical potential","volume":"158","author":"Zha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology."}],"container-title":["Endocrine Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa025\/34829826\/bnaa025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/42\/1\/29\/41723679\/bnaa025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/42\/1\/29\/41723679\/bnaa025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T14:06:35Z","timestamp":1723817195000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article\/42\/1\/29\/5944061"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"references-count":290,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-769X","1945-7189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-769X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7189","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]}}}