{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T20:41:48Z","timestamp":1773348108396,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":287,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1074258"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1074258"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1054432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1054432"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Having biological children remains an unattainable dream for most couples with reproductive failure or gonadal dysgenesis. The combination of stem cells with gene editing technology and organ-on-a-chip models provides a unique opportunity for infertile patients with impaired gametogenesis caused by congenital disorders in sex development or cancer survivors. But how will these technologies overcome human infertility? This review discusses the regenerative mechanisms, applications, and advantages of different types of stem cells for restoring gametogenesis in infertile patients, as well as major challenges that must be overcome before clinical application. The importance and limitations of in vitro generation of gametes from patient-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) will be discussed in the context of human reproduction. The potential role of organ-on-a-chip models that can direct differentiation of hiPSC-derived primordial germ cell-like cells to gametes and other reproductive organoids is also explored. These rapidly evolving technologies provide prospects for improving fertility to individuals and couples who experience reproductive failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnab047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T14:39:41Z","timestamp":1640875181000},"page":"878-906","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Stem Cells and Organs-on-chips: New Promising Technologies for Human Infertility Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7213-1494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eisa","family":"Tahmasbpour Marzouni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catharyn","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Women\u2019s Hospital, Parkville and Melbourne IVF , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Henrik Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6380-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena Jane","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092617305063700_CIT0001","first-page":"39","article-title":"Infertility in the Global South: raising 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