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GDM has long been associated with obstetric and neonatal complications primarily relating to higher infant birthweight and is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for future maternal and offspring cardiometabolic disease. The prevalence of GDM continues to rise internationally due to epidemiological factors including the increase in background rates of obesity in women of reproductive age and rising maternal age and the implementation of the revised International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups\u2019 criteria and diagnostic procedures for GDM. The current lack of international consensus for the diagnosis of GDM reflects its complex historical evolution and pragmatic antenatal resource considerations given GDM is now 1 of the most common complications of pregnancy. Regardless, the contemporary clinical approach to GDM should be informed not only by its short-term complications but also by its longer term prognosis. Recent data demonstrate the effect of early in utero exposure to maternal hyperglycemia, with evidence for fetal overgrowth present prior to the traditional diagnosis of GDM from 24 weeks\u2019 gestation, as well as the durable adverse impact of maternal hyperglycemia on child and adolescent metabolism. The major contribution of GDM to the global epidemic of intergenerational cardiometabolic disease highlights the importance of identifying GDM as an early risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, broadening the prevailing clinical approach to address longer term maternal and offspring complications following a diagnosis of GDM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T17:01:55Z","timestamp":1642525315000},"page":"763-793","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":908,"title":["A Clinical Update on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6843-6247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arianne","family":"Sweeting","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Sydney , Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jencia","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Sydney , Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen R","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes in Pregnancy Team, Cambridge University Hospitals , Cambridge , UK"},{"name":"Norwich Medical School, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, University of East Anglia , Norwich , UK"},{"name":"Division of Women\u2019s Health, Kings College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9962-052X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glynis P","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Sydney , Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0001","volume-title":"De Diabete Mellito, Gravidatatis Symptomate","author":"Bennewitz","year":"1824"},{"key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0002","volume-title":"Mothers Babies and Diseases in Later Life.","author":"Barker","year":"1994"},{"issue":"24","key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0003","first-page":"256-285","article-title":"On puerperal diabetes","author":"Duncan","year":"1882","journal-title":"Trans Obstet Soc Lond."},{"issue":"4","key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(46)80164-1","article-title":"The effect of diabetic and prediabetic pregnancies on the fetus and newborn infant","volume":"29","author":"Miller","year":"1946","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-190901000-00001","article-title":"The clinical significance of glycosuria in pregnant women","volume":"137","author":"Williams","year":"1909","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci."},{"key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0006","first-page":"278","article-title":"Criteria for the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"O\u2019Sullivan","year":"1964","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0007","first-page":"703","article-title":"Gestational diabetes.","volume-title":"Diabetes in America","author":"Coustan","year":"1995"},{"key":"2022092617295418900_CIT0008","volume-title":"Technical Report Series. 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