{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:54:50Z","timestamp":1789786490927,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":339,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006285","name":"Magnus Bergvall Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006285","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["325768017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["325768017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["314061271-TRR205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["314061271-TRR205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Treatment of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is directed at replacing deficient hormones and reducing androgen excess. However, even in the era of early diagnosis and lifelong hormonal substitution, the presence of CAH is still associated with numerous complications and also with increased mortality. The aim of this article was to create an authoritative and balanced review concerning cardiometabolic risk in patients with CAH. The authors searched all major databases and scanned reference lists of all potentially eligible articles to find relevant articles. The risk was compared with that in other forms of adrenal insufficiency. The reviewed articles, most of which were published recently, provided conflicting results, which can be partially explained by differences in the inclusion criteria and treatment, small sample sizes, and gene\u2013environment interactions. However, many studies showed that the presence of CAH is associated with an increased risk of weight gain, worsening of insulin sensitivity, high blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction, early atherosclerotic changes in the vascular wall, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. These complications were more consistently reported in patients with classic than nonclassic CAH and were in part related to hormonal and functional abnormalities associated with this disorder and\/or to the impact of overtreatment and undertreatment. An analysis of available studies suggests that individuals with classic CAH are at increased cardiometabolic risk. Excess cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity is likely multifactorial, related to glucocorticoid overtreatment, imperfect adrenal hormone replacement therapy, androgen excess, and adrenomedullary failure. Cardiometabolic effects of new therapeutic approaches require future targeted studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnae026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T01:23:28Z","timestamp":1725585808000},"page":"80-148","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Cardiometabolic Aspects of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Krysiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia , 40-555 Katowice ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hedi L","family":"Claahsen-van der Grinten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Centre , 6500 Nijmegen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7469-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Reisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU Klinikum M\u00fcnchen , 80336 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8462-7753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Touraine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, H\u00f4pital Piti\u00e9 Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, Sorbonne University Medicine , 75651 Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5622-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrik","family":"Falhammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital , SE-171 76 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 76 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnab016","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia-current insights in pathophysiology, diagnostics, and management","volume":"43","author":"Claahsen-van der Grinten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4043","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01865","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline","volume":"103","author":"Speiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5110","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0917","article-title":"Health status of adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a cohort study of 203 patients","volume":"95","author":"Arlt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70007-X","article-title":"One hundred years of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Sweden: a retrospective, population-based cohort study","volume":"1","author":"Gidl\u00f6f","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2023.100598","article-title":"Epidemiology and diagnostic trends of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Denmark: a retrospective, population-based study","volume":"28","author":"Berglund","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-1189-x","article-title":"Clinical perspectives in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"55","author":"Bulsari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-018-01835-3","article-title":"Clinical perspectives in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 deficiency","volume":"63","author":"Al Alawi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.02.002","article-title":"Steroid 17-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase deficiencies, genetic and pharmacologic","volume":"165","author":"Auchus","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0715-6","article-title":"Role of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in health and disease","volume":"51","author":"Manna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dgz255","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz255","article-title":"P450 oxidoreductase deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis of genotypes, phenotypes, and their relationships","volume":"105","author":"Dean","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10372","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01330-7","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"401","author":"Auer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-3997000000438","article-title":"Classic and current concepts in adrenal steroidogenesis: a reappraisal","volume":"66","author":"Kater","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R127","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0712","article-title":"MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: diagnosis and management of the patient with non-classic CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"180","author":"Nordenstrom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"13","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1909786","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"383","author":"Merke","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14710","article-title":"Approach to androgen excess in women: clinical and biochemical insights","volume":"97","author":"Cussen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"15","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4629","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11154629","article-title":"Long-term results of surgical treatment and patient-reported outcomes in congenital adrenal hyperplasia-a multicenter European registry study","volume":"11","author":"Krege","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064024","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1064024","article-title":"Challenges in treatment of patients with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"13","author":"Adriaansen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.4158\/EP151085.RA","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency presenting as adrenal incidentaloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Falhammar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300057110","article-title":"Genotype-phenotype correlation in 1,507 families with congenital adrenal hyperplasia owing to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"110","author":"New","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0731-6","article-title":"Biochemical and genetic diagnosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"50","author":"Falhammar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-0794","article-title":"Clinical advances in the pharmacotherapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"186","author":"Prete","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1159\/000522260","article-title":"Current and novel treatment strategies in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"96","author":"Nordenstrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000625","article-title":"Clinical outcomes in 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"28","author":"Nordenstrom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181b1bbec","article-title":"Physiological partial aldosterone resistance in human newborns","volume":"66","author":"Martinerie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-1085","article-title":"Treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in children aged 0-3 years: a retrospective multicenter analysis of salt supplementation, glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid medication, growth and blood pressure","volume":"186","author":"Neumann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14842","article-title":"Fertility and pregnancy outcomes in women with nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"98","author":"Carriere","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3390\/ijns6030068","article-title":"The success of a screening program is largely dependent on close collaboration between the laboratory and the clinical follow-up of the patients","volume":"6","author":"Lajic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Neonatal Screen"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3390\/ijns6030071","article-title":"Update on the Swedish newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"6","author":"Zetterstrom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Neonatal Screen"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e487","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab701","article-title":"Characteristics of growth in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency during adrenarche and beyond","volume":"107","author":"Troger","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00493","article-title":"Bone mineral density in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Rangaswamaiah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e475","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab712","article-title":"Increased prevalence of fractures in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a Swedish population-based national cohort study","volume":"107","author":"Falhammar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4191","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01139","article-title":"Reduced frequency of biological and increased frequency of adopted children in males with 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a Swedish population-based national cohort study","volume":"102","author":"Falhammar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e957","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa801","article-title":"Reproductive and perinatal outcomes in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a population-based cohort study","volume":"106","author":"Hirschberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R85","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-1093","article-title":"MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: gonadal dysfunction in congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"184","author":"Claahsen-van der Grinten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/00015385.2023.2231702","article-title":"Focus on cardiometabolic risk factors","volume":"78","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2010.12.054","article-title":"Cardiometabolic risk in Canada: a detailed analysis and position paper by the cardiometabolic risk working group","volume":"27","author":"Cardiometabolic Risk Working Group: Executive C","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/XCE.0000000000000116","article-title":"Epidemiology in diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease","volume":"6","author":"Fan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B38","first-page":"e2022304","article-title":"Growth and metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria in young children with classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) treated with corticosteroids (CS)","volume":"93","author":"Abdel Meguid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B39","first-page":"360","article-title":"Long-term prednisone versus hydrocortisone treatment in children with classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) and a brief review of the literature","volume":"90","author":"Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.1658","article-title":"Ambulatory blood pressure and subclinical cardiovascular disease in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a preliminary report","volume":"7","author":"Akyurek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-014-0148-8","article-title":"Carotid intima media thickness and other cardiovascular risk factors in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"37","author":"Amr","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14333","article-title":"Effect of long-term glucocorticoid therapy on cardiac functions in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"94","author":"Amr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1159\/000523808","article-title":"Twice daily compared to three times daily hydrocortisone in prepubertal children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"95","author":"Apsan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2875-2","article-title":"Cardio-metabolic risk factors in youth with classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"176","author":"Ariyawatkul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2023.106271","article-title":"Synthetic glucocorticoids instead of hydrocortisone do not increase mineralocorticoid needs in adult patients with salt wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"230","author":"Auer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B46","first-page":"268","article-title":"Long-term outcome of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"67","author":"Bachelot","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0978","article-title":"Determining clinical and biological indicators for health outcomes in adult patients with childhood onset of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"173","author":"Bachelot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-21-1109","article-title":"Health status of children and young persons with congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the UK (CAH-UK): a cross-sectional multi-centre study","volume":"187","author":"Bacila","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.51.601","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine levels in polycystic ovary syndrome and congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"51","author":"Bayraktar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022752","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1022752","article-title":"Body composition in children and adolescents with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the risk for components of metabolic syndrome: an observational study","volume":"13","author":"Simon A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpv087","article-title":"Blood pressure in a large cohort of children and adolescents with Classic Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"29","author":"Bonfig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/lipd.12280","article-title":"Fat distribution and lipid profile of young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase enzyme deficiency","volume":"56","author":"Borges","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14233","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.14233","article-title":"Cardiovascular dysfunction risk in young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase enzyme deficiency","volume":"75","author":"Borges","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B54","first-page":"64","article-title":"Normal ambulatory blood pressure in young adults with 21-hydroxylase enzyme deficiency undergoing glucocorticoid replacement therapy","volume":"67","author":"Borges","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2000.6261","article-title":"Lipid profile in congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"49","author":"Botero","year":"2000","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-4124","article-title":"Clinical outcome, hormonal status, gonadotrope axis, and testicular function in 219 adult men born with classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency. A French National Survey","volume":"100","author":"Bouvattier","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B57","first-page":"2238","article-title":"Bone mineral density and body composition in congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"80","author":"Cameron","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.5.8456","article-title":"Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have elevated serum leptin concentrations and insulin resistance: potential clinical implications","volume":"87","author":"Charmandari","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1133","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae402","article-title":"Predictors of cardiovascular morbidities in adults with 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"109","author":"Charoensri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B60","first-page":"133","article-title":"Normal bone mineral content in young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"61","author":"Christiansen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1574","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab010","article-title":"Insulin resistance in congenital adrenal hyperplasia is compensated for by reduced insulin clearance","volume":"106","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"23","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5184","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235184","article-title":"Higher body fat but similar phase angle values in patients with the classical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in comparison to a control group","volume":"14","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2004.17.8.1089","article-title":"24-hour ambulatory blood pressure profile in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia--a preliminary report","volume":"17","author":"de Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00698","article-title":"Obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and young adults with non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"10","author":"de Vries","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2023-0169","article-title":"Effect of complete suppression of androstenedione on auxological development in prepubertal patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"36","author":"Debor","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1106","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab767","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp strengthens the insulin resistance in nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"107","author":"Delai","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021391","article-title":"Platelet dysfunction in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome and association with insulin sensitivity","volume":"88","author":"Dereli","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.galenos.2023.2023-3-5","article-title":"Continuous glucose monitoring in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"15","author":"Dubinski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-023-01499-9","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in Cuban adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"23","author":"Reyes TM","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1350","article-title":"Metabolic profile and body composition in adult women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"92","author":"Falhammar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.K08E-312","article-title":"Increased liver enzymes in adult women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"56","author":"Falhammar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-10-0877","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk, metabolic profile, and body composition in adult males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"164","author":"Falhammar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0865","article-title":"Bone mineral density, bone markers, and fractures in adult males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"168","author":"Falhammar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3520","DOI":"10.1210\/JC.2015-2093","article-title":"Increased cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a Swedish population-based national cohort study","volume":"100","author":"Falhammar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0031","article-title":"Health status in 1040 adults with disorders of sex development (DSD): a European multicenter study","volume":"7","author":"Falhammar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2021.05.017","article-title":"Association between vascular endothelial dysfunction and the inflammatory marker neopterin in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"328","author":"Farghaly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4429","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2102","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of a cohort of 244 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"97","author":"Finkielstain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289603500507","article-title":"Thrombocytosis in congenital adrenal hyperplasia at diagnosis","volume":"35","author":"Gasparini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3926","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.12.4320","article-title":"The effects of glucocorticoid replacement therapy on growth, bone mineral density, and bone turnover markers in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"82","author":"Girgis","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3019","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0493","article-title":"Patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have decreased epinephrine reserve and defective glycemic control during prolonged moderate-intensity exercise","volume":"92","author":"Green-Golan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1430667","article-title":"Bone mass and body composition of adult women with congenital virilizing 21-hydroxylase deficiency after glucocorticoid treatment since infancy","volume":"143","author":"Hagenfeldt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12045","article-title":"Glucocorticoid treatment regimen and health outcomes in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"78","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04309.x","article-title":"Adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia because of 21-hydroxylase deficiency have vascular dysfunction","volume":"76","author":"Harrington","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_219_20","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"10","author":"Dehkordi E","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2006.19.5.705","article-title":"Blood pressure in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"19","author":"Hoepffner","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B86","first-page":"154","article-title":"Intima media thickness of common carotids and abdominal aorta in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency in relation to their genotypes","volume":"38","author":"Janus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0895","article-title":"Poor compliance and increased mortality, depression and healthcare costs in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"178","author":"Jenkins-Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2022.0060","article-title":"Visceral adiposity index as an indicator of cardiometabolic risk in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"21","author":"Kara","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metab Syndr Relat Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01332-3","article-title":"Sexual function in women with androgen excess disorders: classic forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Kepczynska-Nyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1153","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-4033","article-title":"Increased abdominal adiposity in adolescents and young adults with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"100","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000444169","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickness is associated with increased androgens in adolescents and young adults with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"85","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2036","article-title":"Bone mineral density is not significantly reduced in adult patients on low-dose glucocorticoid replacement therapy","volume":"97","author":"Koetz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2019.02.011","article-title":"The impact of 21-hydroxylase deficiency on cardiac repolarization changes in children with 21-hydroxylasedeficient congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"61","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0523","article-title":"Pioglitazone improves insulin resistance and decreases blood pressure in adult patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"161","author":"Kroese","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1382048","article-title":"The effect of metformin on androgen production in diabetic women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"122","author":"Krysiak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1569375","article-title":"The effect of simvastatin on plasma steroid hormone levels in metformin-treated women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"124","author":"Krysiak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2019.01.014","article-title":"The effect of atorvastatin on cardiometabolic risk factors in women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a pilot study","volume":"71","author":"Krysiak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1080\/00015385.2019.1666964","article-title":"Cardiometabolic risk factors in women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"75","author":"Krysiak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1116-2173","article-title":"Serum fetuin-a and insulin levels in classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"52","author":"Kurnaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2009.22.6.511","article-title":"24-hour blood pressure profiles in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia on two different hydrocortisone treatment regimens","volume":"22","author":"Liivak","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761258","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.761258","article-title":"Long-term health outcomes of Korean adults with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"12","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-023-06946-5","article-title":"Clinical analysis of 78 patients with nonclassical 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"308","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13086","article-title":"Hypertension in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"85","author":"Maccabee-Ryaboy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1805","article-title":"Cardiovascular abnormalities and impaired exercise performance in adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"100","author":"Marra","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-015-2634-1","article-title":"Left ventricular dysfunction and subclinical atherosclerosis in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a single-center study from upper Egypt","volume":"175","author":"Metwalley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1159\/000492900","article-title":"Homocysteine level in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: relationship to carotid intimal wall thickness and left ventricular function","volume":"90","author":"Metwalley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.galenos.2018.2018.0153","article-title":"Epicardial fat thickness in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"11","author":"Metwalley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.11.086","article-title":"Cardiac function in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a pattern of reversible cardiomyopathy","volume":"162","author":"Minette","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.102995","article-title":"Metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk factors in adult patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"16","author":"Mnif","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31824369e4","article-title":"Long-term outcome of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"344","author":"Mnif","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1159\/000308891","article-title":"Blood pressure in the first year of life in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a pilot study","volume":"74","author":"Mooij","year":"2010","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24204","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024204","article-title":"Adult patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia have elevated blood pressure but otherwise a normal cardiovascular risk profile","volume":"6","author":"Mooij","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2017-0068","article-title":"Cardiovascular and metabolic risk in pediatric patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"30","author":"Mooij","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13529","article-title":"Cardiac function in paediatric patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"88","author":"Mooij","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44893","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044893","article-title":"Impact of glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphisms on the metabolic profile of adult patients with the classical form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"7","author":"Moreira","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1159\/000353762","article-title":"Obesity and familial predisposition are significant determining factors of an adverse metabolic profile in young patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"80","author":"Moreira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58040500","article-title":"Cardiometabolic health in adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"58","author":"Navardauskaite","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-006-0005-4","article-title":"Observation of hypertension in children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a preliminary report","volume":"30","author":"Nebesio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0196","article-title":"Genetic, anthropometric and metabolic features of adult Norwegian patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"167","author":"Nermoen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13275","article-title":"Assessment of early atherosclerosis and left ventricular dysfunction in children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"86","author":"Ozdemir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.105540","article-title":"Effect of androgen excess and glucocorticoid exposure on metabolic risk profiles in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"197","author":"Paizoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.06.025","article-title":"The phenotype of hirsute women: a comparison of polycystic ovary syndrome and 21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"94","author":"Pall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1001755","article-title":"Androgen-related effects on peripheral glucose metabolism in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"26","author":"Paula","year":"1994","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B124","first-page":"33","article-title":"Serum leptin levels in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency before and after treatment","volume":"45","author":"Poyrazoglu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.172283","article-title":"Bone mineral density in young adult women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"20","author":"Raizada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-865836","article-title":"Absence of exercise-induced leptin suppression associated with insufficient epinephrine reserve in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"114","author":"Riepe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01757.x","article-title":"Blood pressure in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency): a preliminary report","volume":"58","author":"Roche","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1590\/2359-3997000000119","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and increased carotid intima-media thickness in young patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"59","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001850","article-title":"Early central blood pressure elevation in adult patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"37","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1711","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and ultrasound evaluation of intima-media thickness at common carotids, carotid bulbs, and femoral and abdominal aorta arteries in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"92","author":"Sartorato","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B131","first-page":"270","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia and insulin insensitivity in women with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: the relationship between serum leptin levels and chronic hyperinsulinemia","volume":"63","author":"Saygili","year":"2005","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1661","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab826","article-title":"Optimizing the timing of highest hydrocortisone dose in children and adolescents with 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"107","author":"Schroder","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00123","article-title":"Impact of long-term dexamethasone therapy on the metabolic profile of patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"3","author":"Seraphim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B134","first-page":"1421","article-title":"Insulin insensitivity in adrenal hyperplasia due to nonclassical steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"75","author":"Speiser","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021074","article-title":"Normal bone mineral density and lean body mass, but increased fat mass, in young adult patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"88","author":"Stikkelbroeck","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12265","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"80","author":"Subbarayan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-017-0862-4","article-title":"Assessment of cardiac function in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a case control study in Cameroon","volume":"17","author":"Tony Nengom","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B138","first-page":"e5247","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk factors and metabolic morbidity in a longitudinal study of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"106","author":"Torky","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951118002330","article-title":"Impaired systolic and diastolic left ventricular function in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia receiving corticosteroid therapy","volume":"29","author":"Tuhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-2001-57","article-title":"The relationship of carotid intima-media thickness with anthropometric and metabolic parameters in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"51","author":"Tuhan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383610","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-9856-2009-383610","article-title":"Blood pressure and left ventricular characteristics in young patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"2009","author":"Ubertini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2019-0079","article-title":"Metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors and health-related quality of life in children, adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"32","author":"Vijayan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4888","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1069","article-title":"Altered 24-hour blood pressure profiles in children and adolescents with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"91","author":"Volkl","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1005","article-title":"Obesity among children and adolescents with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"117","author":"Volkl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0770","article-title":"Does an altered leptin axis play a role in obesity among children and adolescents with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency?","volume":"160","author":"Volkl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2009.01231.x","article-title":"Adiponectin levels are high in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"98","author":"Volkl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B147","first-page":"12","article-title":"Increased large artery intima media thickness in adolescents with either classical or non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"36","author":"Wasniewska","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030634","article-title":"Patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have decreased epinephrine reserve and defective glucose elevation in response to high-intensity exercise","volume":"89","author":"Weise","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3679","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032051","article-title":"Stress dose of hydrocortisone is not beneficial in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia undergoing short-term, high-intensity exercise","volume":"89","author":"Weise","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B150","first-page":"505","article-title":"Vascular and cardiac function in young adults with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"68","author":"Wierzbicka-Chmiel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2009.03587.x","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity and body composition in children with classical and nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"72","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.14478","article-title":"Genotype and clinical outcomes in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"63","author":"Yoon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-010-9382-9","article-title":"Metabolic disorders in newly diagnosed young adult female patients with simple virilizing 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1159\/000313368","article-title":"Alterations in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"74","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1159\/000486393","article-title":"Incidence and characteristics of adrenal crisis in children younger than 7 years with 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a nationwide survey in Japan","volume":"89","author":"Ishii","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-018-0263-1","article-title":"Mortality in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia and 21-hydroxylase deficiency (CAH) in Germany","volume":"18","author":"Dorr","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e192","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa694","article-title":"Real-world estimates of adrenal insufficiency-related adverse events in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"106","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvae023","article-title":"Frequency of stress dosing and adrenal crisis in paediatric and adult patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a prospective study","volume":"190","author":"Tschaidse","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70060-5","article-title":"Mortality in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a cohort study","volume":"133","author":"Swerdlow","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2715","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2957","article-title":"Increased mortality in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"99","author":"Falhammar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2021.1328","article-title":"Epidemiology and long-term adverse outcomes in Korean patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a nationwide study","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9101386","article-title":"Trends and factors associated with oral contraceptive use among Korean women","volume":"9","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03330-w","article-title":"Long-term cardiometabolic morbidity in young adults with classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"80","author":"Righi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B164","article-title":"Differential effect of subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue on cardiometabolic risk","volume":"33","author":"Sam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig"},{"issue":"23","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5989","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20235989","article-title":"Epicardial adipose tissue: clinical biomarker of cardio-metabolic risk","volume":"20","author":"Villasante Fricke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1159\/000514130","article-title":"Early adiposity rebound predicts obesity and adiposity in youth with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"93","author":"Bhullar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ16-0194","article-title":"Lower body weight and BMI at birth were associated with early adiposity rebound in 21-hydroxylase deficiency patients","volume":"63","author":"Takishima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803514","article-title":"Early adiposity rebound: causes and consequences for obesity in children and adults","volume":"30","author":"Rolland-Cachera","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2018.07227","article-title":"The adiposity rebound in the 21st century children: meaning for what?","volume":"61","author":"Kang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Korean J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2019.02.004","article-title":"Chronopharmacology of glucocorticoids","volume":"151-152","author":"Scherholz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad134","article-title":"Interpretation of steroid biomarkers in 21-hydroxylase deficiency and their use in disease management","volume":"108","author":"Sarafoglou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00136","article-title":"Glucocorticoid regimens in the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Whittle","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13401","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13401","article-title":"Variation in glucocorticoid sensitivity and the relation with obesity","volume":"23","author":"Lengton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111399","article-title":"Glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) polymorphisms and haplotypes in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"536","author":"Villela","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0279298","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279298","article-title":"Pharmacogenomic markers of glucocorticoid response in congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"17","author":"Botelho Barra","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-1059","article-title":"Cardiovascular phenotype in turner syndrome--integrating cardiology, genetics, and endocrinology","volume":"33","author":"Mortensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082493","article-title":"The utility of body composition assessment in nutrition and clinical practice: an overview of current methodology","volume":"13","author":"Holmes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14102036","article-title":"The use and effectiveness of selected alternative markers for insulin sensitivity and secretion compared with gold standard markers in dietary intervention studies in individuals without diabetes: results of a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Vazquez Rocha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4097","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01862","article-title":"Cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"Tamhane","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-0334-z","article-title":"Young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus\u2014implications for morbidity and mortality","volume":"16","author":"Magliano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den118","article-title":"Fertility and pregnancy outcome in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"23","author":"Hagenfeldt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_852_18","article-title":"Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review & meta-analysis","volume":"154","author":"You","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982953","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.982953","article-title":"Getting pregnant with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: assisted reproduction and pregnancy complications. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2020.08.036","article-title":"Pregnancy, delivery and neonatal outcomes among women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a study of a large US database","volume":"41","author":"Badeghiesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594710","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/594710","article-title":"Influence of the A3669G glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphism on the metabolic profile of pediatric patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"2014","author":"Moreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020623","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance","volume":"22","author":"Beaupere","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v12.i5.616","article-title":"Role of insulin and insulin resistance in androgen excess disorders","volume":"12","author":"Unluhizarci","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01919.x","article-title":"Fasting insulin sensitivity and post-oral glucose hyperinsulinaemia related to cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with precocious pubarche","volume":"59","author":"Potau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(98)00016-2","article-title":"The regulation of human P450c17 activity: relationship to premature adrenarche, insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Auchus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12092045","article-title":"Differentiating polycystic ovary syndrome from adrenal disorders","volume":"12","author":"Yesiladali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4354","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1145","article-title":"Metformin inhibits human androgen production by regulating steroidogenic enzymes HSD3B2 and CYP17A1 and complex I activity of the respiratory chain","volume":"153","author":"Hirsch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2020.105684","article-title":"Metformin inhibits the activation of melanocortin receptors 2 and 3 in vitro: a possible mechanism for its anti-androgenic and weight balancing effects in vivo?","volume":"200","author":"Parween","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"19","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200011093431903","article-title":"Adrenomedullary dysplasia and hypofunction in patients with classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"343","author":"Merke","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1515\/HMBCI.2010.030","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the function of adrenal medulla","volume":"2","author":"Lisa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2022.1528","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"37","author":"Nordenstrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-1729","article-title":"Effects of acute and antecedent hypoglycemia on endothelial function and markers of atherothrombotic balance in healthy humans","volume":"64","author":"Joy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-015-0682-0","article-title":"Lower 1,5-anhydroglucitol is associated with adverse clinical events after percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"31","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940035","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.940035","article-title":"Hypoglycemia is associated with a higher risk of mortality and arrhythmias in ST-elevation myocardial infarction, irrespective of diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Humos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111375","article-title":"The invention of aldosterone, how the past resurfaces in pediatric endocrinology","volume":"535","author":"Viengchareun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/MBP.0000000000000426","article-title":"Blood pressure monitoring in sleep: time to wake up","volume":"25","author":"Kwon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Press Monit"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1559795","article-title":"The association between bone age advancement and insulin resistance in prepubertal obese children","volume":"123","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3561","article-title":"Drug prescription patterns in patients with Addison\u2019s disease: a Swedish population-based cohort study","volume":"98","author":"Bjornsdottir","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00252-7","article-title":"Adrenal insufficiency","volume":"7","author":"Hahner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111210","article-title":"11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: a growing multi-tasking family","volume":"526","author":"Gomez-Sanchez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-011-9591-x","article-title":"Clinical outcomes in the management of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"41","author":"Falhammar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"13","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15746","article-title":"Structural and molecular determinants of mineralocorticoid receptor signalling","volume":"179","author":"Grossmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E102","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00368.2019","article-title":"Interaction between accumulated 21-deoxysteroids and mineralocorticoid signaling in 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"318","author":"Travers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B208","first-page":"536","article-title":"Androgens and blood pressure control: sex differences and mechanisms","volume":"94","author":"Reckelhoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.7.8664","article-title":"Adrenomedullary function may predict phenotype and genotype in classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"87","author":"Charmandari","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14591","article-title":"Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to diagnose and manage hypertension","volume":"77","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/MBP.0000000000000412","article-title":"Can an automatic oscillometric device replace a mercury sphygmomanometer on blood pressure measurement? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Press Monit"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12162","article-title":"Consensus statement on the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency","volume":"275","author":"Husebye","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3714","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab225","article-title":"Clinical and hormonal profiles correlate with molecular characteristics in patients with 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"106","author":"Yildiz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bvac011","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvac011","article-title":"17alpha-hydroxylase\/17,20-lyase deficiency in 46,XY: our experience and review of literature","volume":"6","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-021-02966-w","article-title":"High incidence of hypertension-mediated organ damage in a series of Chinese patients with 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"76","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.2174\/1871530323666230407125523","article-title":"Two cases with 17-alpha hydroxylase deficiency misdiagnosed as primary aldosteronism","volume":"23","author":"Akkus","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad076","article-title":"Endothelial mechanobiology in atherosclerosis","volume":"119","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.120.000096","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and beyond: from mechanism to pharmacotherapies","volume":"73","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"18","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11242","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811242","article-title":"Endothelial function assessment by flow-mediated dilation method: a valuable tool in the evaluation of the cardiovascular system","volume":"19","author":"Mucka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e131384","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.131384","article-title":"Endothelial cell-glucocorticoid receptor interactions and regulation of Wnt signaling","volume":"5","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/iox043","article-title":"Hyperandrogenemia reduces endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated relaxation in mesenteric artery of female rats","volume":"96","author":"Mishra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esxm.2022.100550","article-title":"Effect of high testosterone levels on endothelial function in aorta and erectile function in rats","volume":"10","author":"Kataoka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sex Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s40119-022-00261-x","article-title":"Evaluation of intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness as early ultrasound biomarkers of carotid artery atherosclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Fernandez-Alvarez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-021-01490-7","article-title":"The use of subclinical atherosclerosis imaging to guide preventive cardiology management","volume":"23","author":"Soni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"issue":"20","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4628","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10204628","article-title":"Clinical significance of carotid intima-media complex and carotid plaque assessment by ultrasound for the prediction of adverse cardiovascular events in primary and secondary care patients","volume":"10","author":"Kablak-Ziembicka","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-020-01309-2","article-title":"Micro- and macrovascular function in patients suffering from primary adrenal insufficiency: a cross-sectional case-control study","volume":"44","author":"Muller","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"15","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e023704","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.023704","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in the association between classical cardiovascular risk factors and common carotid intima-media thickness: an individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Nonterah","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa085","article-title":"Endothelial function in cardiovascular medicine: a consensus paper of the European Society of Cardiology Working Groups on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, Aorta and Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Coronary Pathophysiology and Microcirculation, and Thrombosis","volume":"117","author":"Alexander","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032079","article-title":"Monomeric C-reactive protein in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: advances and perspectives","volume":"24","author":"Melnikov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"21","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13540","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113540","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of advanced biomarkers for predicting incident cardiovascular disease among asymptomatic middle-aged adults","volume":"23","author":"Romero-Cabrera","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90768","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090768","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with Addison\u2019s disease: a comparative study of South African and Swedish patients","volume":"9","author":"Ross","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314508","article-title":"Sex-specific regulation of inflammation and metabolic syndrome in obesity","volume":"40","author":"Ter Horst","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1135-9715","article-title":"Serum visfatin does not seem to be a useful marker to guide glucocorticoid substitution in adrenal insufficiency","volume":"52","author":"Fichna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-019-01956-3","article-title":"Adrenal insufficiency treated with conventional hydrocortisone leads to elevated levels of interleukin-6: a pilot study","volume":"64","author":"Rahvar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11051290","article-title":"The role of adipokines in health and disease","volume":"11","author":"Clemente-Suarez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2022.107514","article-title":"The role of adiponectin in cardiovascular disease","volume":"64","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0230-6","article-title":"The endocrine function of adipose tissues in health and cardiometabolic disease","volume":"15","author":"Scheja","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2020.02.008","article-title":"Sex differences in adipose tissue function","volume":"49","author":"Gavin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-005-1488-8","article-title":"Overview of hemostatic factors involved in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","volume":"40","author":"Kannel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1718923","article-title":"Fibrinolysis in acute and chronic cardiovascular disease","volume":"47","author":"Kietsiriroje","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-022-01261-9","article-title":"Hypercoagulability in Cushing\u2019s syndrome: incidence, pathogenesis and need for thromboprophylaxis protocols","volume":"25","author":"Feelders","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e240046","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-24-0046","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism in Cushing syndrome: results from an EuRRECa and Endo-ERN survey","volume":"13","author":"Cherenko","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B243","first-page":"7","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiovascular diseases","volume":"80","author":"Guieu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Biol Clin (Paris)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12793","article-title":"Vitamin D and cardiometabolic disorders: a review of current evidence, genetic determinants and pathomechanisms","volume":"20","author":"Marquina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1301-114","article-title":"Bone mineral density and vitamin D status in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"44","author":"Demirel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001065","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1001065","article-title":"Vitamin D and adrenal gland: myth or reality? A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Al Refaie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B247","first-page":"26","article-title":"Interest of albuminuria in nephrology, diabetology and as a marker of cardiovascular risk","volume":"77","author":"Souweine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Biol Clin (Paris)"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-21-706","article-title":"Association of heart rate with cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive and normotensive population: a nationwide prospective cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-019-01466-2","article-title":"Heart rate, mortality, and the relation with clinical and subclinical cardiovascular diseases: results from the Gutenberg Health Study","volume":"108","author":"Munzel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E554","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3707","article-title":"Increased psychiatric morbidity in men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"99","author":"Falhammar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.06.017","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and risk for psychiatric disorders in girls and women born between 1915 and 2010: a total population study","volume":"60","author":"Engberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/13814788.2019.1639667","article-title":"Right bundle branch block: prevalence, incidence, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population","volume":"25","author":"Alventosa-Zaidin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.5152\/AnatolJCardiol.2021.84375","article-title":"Incomplete right bundle branch block: challenges in electrocardiogram diagnosis","volume":"25","author":"Floria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anatol J Cardiol"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00347","article-title":"Glucocorticoid signaling and the aging heart","volume":"11","author":"Cruz-Topete","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0502-473","article-title":"Acute cardiovascular protective effects of corticosteroids are mediated by non-transcriptional activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase","volume":"8","author":"Hafezi-Moghadam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.311378","article-title":"Mechanisms of vascular aging","volume":"123","author":"Ungvari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.41","article-title":"Glucocorticoid receptor gene and risk of cardiovascular disease","volume":"168","author":"van den Akker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2251","article-title":"Glucocorticoid receptor gene, low-grade inflammation, and heart failure: the heart and soul study","volume":"95","author":"Otte","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2015.03.009","article-title":"Glucocorticoid signaling in the heart: a cardiomyocyte perspective","volume":"153","author":"Oakley","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccas.2019.12.039","article-title":"Reversible biventricular heart failure due to primary adrenal insufficiency","volume":"2","author":"Devareddy","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-021-10158-x","article-title":"New insights into the roles of glucocorticoid signaling dysregulation in pathological cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"issue":"18","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2019-316215","article-title":"Global longitudinal strain: clinical use and prognostic implications in contemporary practice","volume":"106","author":"Abou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.02.029","article-title":"Should we test for diastolic dysfunction? How and how often?","volume":"13","author":"Litwin","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeaa253","article-title":"Diastolic dysfunction and mortality in 436 360 men and women: the National Echo Database Australia (NEDA)","volume":"22","author":"Playford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-011-0649-9","article-title":"Left ventricular failure due to a rare variant of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"79","author":"Bhatia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e234983","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-234983","article-title":"Takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with adrenal insufficiency in the context of long-term steroid use mimicking acute coronary syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Bagnall","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"274","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B267","first-page":"182","article-title":"Takotsubo syndrome in a patient with adrenal insufficiency, severe hyponatremia and coexistent coronary artery disease","volume":"46","author":"Elikowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pol Merkur Lekarski"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0656-0","article-title":"Nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome","volume":"50","author":"Falhammar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.14.7.889","article-title":"Metformin-responsive classic salt-losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a case report","volume":"14","author":"Mapas-Dimaya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.galenos.2021.2020.0310","article-title":"Weight loss during topiramate treatment in a severely obese adolescent with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and migraine","volume":"15","author":"Seagroves","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2017-00215","article-title":"Alterations in hydrocortisone pharmacokinetics in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia following bariatric surgery","volume":"1","author":"Mallappa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bcr2012008416","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-008416","article-title":"Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in the treatment of non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"2013","author":"Kalani","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"14","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7622","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22147622","article-title":"Glucocorticoids: fuelling the fire of atherosclerosis or therapeutic extinguishers?","volume":"22","author":"MacLeod","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000637","article-title":"Current and future treatment options for adrenal insufficiency","volume":"28","author":"Arshad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02187-7","article-title":"Dual-release hydrocortisone for treatment of adrenal insufficiency: a systematic review","volume":"67","author":"Mongioi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-022-01183-w","article-title":"Chronotherapy based on modified-release hydrocortisone to restore the physiological cortisol diurnal rhythm","volume":"13","author":"Whitaker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Deliv Transl Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"lvac006","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvac006","article-title":"Modified-release hydrocortisone is associated with lower plasma renin activity in patients with salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"188","author":"Tschaidse","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3809","article-title":"A phase 2 study of Chronocort, a modified-release formulation of hydrocortisone, in the treatment of adults with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"100","author":"Mallappa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2063","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab051","article-title":"Modified-release hydrocortisone in congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"106","author":"Merke","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bnaa002","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa002","article-title":"Dynamics of ACTH and cortisol secretion and implications for disease","volume":"41","author":"Lightman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751191","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.751191","article-title":"24-hour profiles of 11-oxygenated C(19) steroids and delta(5)-steroid sulfates during oral and continuous subcutaneous glucocorticoids in 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"12","author":"Turcu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5315059","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/5315059","article-title":"Patients with hypocortisolism treated with continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI): an option for poorly controlled patients","volume":"2023","author":"Mortensen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13813","article-title":"Long-term use of continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion therapy in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"89","author":"Mallappa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2092-5228","article-title":"Pulsatile subcutaneous hydrocortisone replacement in primary adrenal insufficiency","volume":"55","author":"Simunkova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab749","article-title":"Crinecerfont lowers elevated hormone markers in adults with 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"107","author":"Auchus","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad270","article-title":"Crinecerfont, a CRF1 receptor antagonist, lowers adrenal androgens in adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"108","author":"Newfield","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4666","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab438","article-title":"Tildacerfont in adults with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: results from two phase 2 studies","volume":"106","author":"Sarafoglou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2404656","article-title":"Phase 3 trial of crinecerfont in adult congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"391","author":"Auchus","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2404655","article-title":"Phase 3 trial of crinecerfont in pediatric congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"391","author":"Sarafoglou","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0905","article-title":"Abiraterone acetate treatment lowers 11-oxygenated androgens","volume":"182","author":"Wright","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2763","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1258","article-title":"Abiraterone acetate to lower androgens in women with classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"99","author":"Auchus","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa381","article-title":"A phase 2, multicenter study of nevanimibe for the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"105","author":"El-Maouche","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2021.154861","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase alleviates obesity and insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice by regulating food intake","volume":"123","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14009","article-title":"Use of an aromatase inhibitor in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: impact of anastrozole on bone mineral density and visceral adipose tissue","volume":"91","author":"Halper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0787","article-title":"Effects of mitotane on testicular adrenal rest tumors in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a retrospective series of five patients","volume":"184","author":"Bachelot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/EO-21-0021","article-title":"Characterization of hyperlipidemia secondary to mitotane in adrenocortical carcinoma","volume":"2","author":"Gagnon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14721","article-title":"Pharmacological profile and effects of mitotane in adrenocortical carcinoma","volume":"87","author":"Corso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00217","article-title":"Bilateral adrenalectomy in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"MacKay","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.11541","article-title":"Contraception in women with cardiovascular disease","volume":"328","author":"Lindley","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127104","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1127104","article-title":"Investigating cardiovascular risk in premenopausal women on oral contraceptives: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Fabunmi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2016.09.013","article-title":"The effect of oral contraception on cardiometabolic risk factors in women with elevated androgen levels","volume":"69","author":"Krysiak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3208","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093208","article-title":"Cardiometabolic effects of cabergoline and combined oral contraceptive pills in young women with hyperprolactinemia: a pilot study","volume":"12","author":"Krysiak","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2021.08.005","article-title":"Management of fully pubertal girls with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia: glucocorticoids versus oral contraceptives","volume":"28","author":"de Vries","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2020.03.009","article-title":"Aldosterone receptor antagonists","volume":"82","author":"Azizi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199101173240302","article-title":"Aldosterone synthesis in salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia with complete absence of adrenal 21-hydroxylase","volume":"324","author":"Speiser","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-68-3-542","article-title":"Increased plasma 21-deoxycorticosterone (21-DB) levels in late-onset adrenal 21-hydroxylase deficiency suggest a mild defect of the mineralocorticoid pathway","volume":"68","author":"Fiet","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"24","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9554","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249554","article-title":"Pharmacological approaches to controlling cardiometabolic risk in women with PCOS","volume":"21","author":"Cignarella","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e73","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000540","article-title":"Stress-dosed glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids before intensive endurance exercise in primary adrenal insufficiency","volume":"29","author":"Bonnecaze","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-S003","article-title":"3. Prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes and associated comorbidities: standards of care in diabetes-2023","volume":"46","author":"ElSayed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S140","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-S009","article-title":"9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: standards of care in diabetes-2023","volume":"46","author":"ElSayed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab154","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice","volume":"29","author":"Visseren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-019-01116-1","article-title":"Current pharmacotherapies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases","volume":"42","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1355383","article-title":"The effect of simvastatin treatment on plasma steroid levels in females with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"121","author":"Krysiak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12169","article-title":"The effect of aggressive rosuvastatin treatment on steroid hormone production in men with coronary artery disease","volume":"114","author":"Krysiak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B315","first-page":"14","article-title":"An update on the tissue renin angiotensin system and its role in physiology and pathology","volume":"6","author":"Nehme","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dev Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpab108","article-title":"Renin angiotensin blockers and cardiac protection: from basis to clinical trials","volume":"35","author":"Levy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00286","article-title":"Discovery and development of calcium channel blockers","volume":"8","author":"Godfraind","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B318","first-page":"12","article-title":"Hypertension in metabolic syndrome: novel insights","volume":"16","author":"Katsimardou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4849","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0076","article-title":"Premature mortality in patients with Addison\u2019s disease: a population-based study","volume":"91","author":"Bergthorsdottir","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-02298","article-title":"Sex-specific risk of cardiovascular disease in autoimmune addison disease-a population-based cohort study","volume":"104","author":"Skov","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10354","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01349-6","article-title":"Autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular risk: a population-based study on 19 autoimmune diseases and 12 cardiovascular diseases in 22 million individuals in the UK","volume":"400","author":"Conrad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2017.10.010","article-title":"Group 1. Epidemiology of primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency: prevalence and incidence, acute adrenal insufficiency, long-term morbidity and mortality","volume":"78","author":"Chabre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021588","article-title":"Gender differences and cardiometabolic risk: the importance of the risk factors","volume":"24","author":"Meloni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-022-09717-w","article-title":"Novel treatments for congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"23","author":"Schroder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111258","article-title":"Adrenal medulla development and medullary-cortical interactions","volume":"528","author":"Bechmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10274","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00136-7","article-title":"Adrenal insufficiency","volume":"397","author":"Husebye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B327","first-page":"1039","article-title":"Increased risk of autoimmune disorders in 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a Swedish population-based national cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Falhammar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2147\/OARRR.S285407","article-title":"Metabolic abnormalities, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome in adult rheumatoid arthritis patients: current perspectives and clinical implications","volume":"14","author":"Santos-Moreno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Access Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2023.02.002","article-title":"Why do patients with hypopituitarism still present an increased mortality?","volume":"84","author":"Ebrahimi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1807486","article-title":"Adrenal crisis","volume":"381","author":"Rushworth","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1710","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of primary adrenal insufficiency: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline","volume":"101","author":"Bornstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B332","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3576","article-title":"Testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and incident cardiovascular disease and mortality in the cardiovascular health study","volume":"99","author":"Shores","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B333","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1693","article-title":"Extremes of endogenous testosterone are associated with increased risk of incident coronary events in older women","volume":"95","author":"Laughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2014.03.006","article-title":"DHEA and mortality: what is the nature of the association?","volume":"145","author":"Ohlsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.36518\/2689-0216.1513","article-title":"Adherence versus compliance","volume":"4","author":"Mir","year":"2023","journal-title":"HCA Healthc J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14398","article-title":"Assessment of medication adherence in children and adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the impact of knowledge and self-management","volume":"94","author":"Ekbom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B337","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14676","article-title":"The impact of adherence and therapy regimens on quality of life in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"96","author":"Ekbom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133614","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1133614","article-title":"A new perspective on special effective interventions for metabolic syndrome risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025011014475296200_bnae026-B339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112611","article-title":"Prevention of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle changes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Uusitupa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnae026\/60297267\/bnae026.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/46\/1\/80\/60297267\/bnae026.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/46\/1\/80\/60297267\/bnae026.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T14:49:59Z","timestamp":1736520599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article\/46\/1\/80\/7750456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"references-count":339,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnae026","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-769X","1945-7189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-769X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7189","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]}}}