{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:54:11Z","timestamp":1791312851869,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FORICA-ONLUS"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Primary aldosteronism (PA), the most common cause of arterial hypertension, is surgically curable if a unilateral source of the hyperaldosteronism is discovered. To identify which patients are curable, all current guidelines recommend adrenal venous sampling (AVS), a procedure which, albeit simple in principle, remains scarcely available and markedly underutilized, because it is still perceived as technically challenging, invasive, and difficult to interpret. The lack of uniformly accepted standards for performance and interpretation of AVS, alongside the diffuse concerns that (although quite rarely) it can be complicated by adrenal vein rupture, contribute to the scant utilization of AVS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In the last decade, several major studies have led to a greater understanding of the use of AVS in PA patients, thus paving the way to a more rational and effective application that can enable diagnosis of many more PA patients with a unilateral form of the disease to be referred for curative adrenalectomy. Moreover, microcatheters and androstenedione have been introduced to increase the success rate. This review provides updated information on the subtyping of PA by means of AVS and examines key issues on the selection and preparation of patients, the optimal performance of the procedure, and the interpretation of its results for diagnostic purposes, even in the most challenging cases. Situations when AVS can be omitted before surgery and alternative functional imaging techniques that have been proposed to identify unilateral surgical curable PA to circumvent the bottleneck represented by the limited availability of AVS worldwide, are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaf007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T23:19:49Z","timestamp":1739575189000},"page":"501-517","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Subtyping of Primary Aldosteronism by Adrenal Venous Sampling"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7963-0931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gian Paolo","family":"Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Emergency Medicine and Specialized Hypertension Center, Department of Medicine DIMED, University Hospital, University of Padua , 35128 Padova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1535-4437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Battistel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radiology, Department of Medicine DIMED, University Hospital, University of Padua , 35128 Padova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3639-4086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa Maria","family":"Seccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Emergency Medicine and Specialized Hypertension Center, Department of Medicine DIMED, University Hospital, University of Padua , 35128 Padova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7533-4577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico Bernardo","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint International PhD Program in Arterial Hypertension and Vascular Biology (ARHYVAB), University of Padua and Sapienza University , 35128 Padova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9023-0835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Rossitto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Emergency Medicine and Specialized Hypertension Center, Department of Medicine DIMED, University Hospital, University of Padua , 35128 Padova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.059","article-title":"A prospective study of the prevalence of primary aldosteronism in 1,125 hypertensive patients","volume":"48","author":"Rossi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9628","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60834-X","article-title":"Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in resistant hypertension: a retrospective observational study","volume":"371","author":"Douma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E85","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaa108","article-title":"Drug-resistant hypertension in primary aldosteronism patients undergoing adrenal vein sampling: the AVIS-2-RH study","volume":"29","author":"Rossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4221","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032179","article-title":"Aldosterone to Renin ratio in a primary care setting: the Bussolengo study","volume":"89","author":"Olivieri","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.015","article-title":"Evidence for an increased rate of cardiovascular events in patients with primary aldosteronism","volume":"45","author":"Milliez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01316","article-title":"Long-term control of arterial hypertension and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy with treatment of primary aldosteronism heart","volume":"62","author":"Rossi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.197111","article-title":"Observational study mortality in treated primary aldosteronism: the German Conn's registry","volume":"60","author":"Reincke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02097","article-title":"An expert consensus statement on use of adrenal vein sampling for the subtyping of primary aldosteronism","volume":"63","author":"Rossi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0860","article-title":"Effect of cosyntropin during adrenal venous sampling on subtype of primary aldosteronism: analysis of surgical outcome","volume":"182","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4340","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab482","article-title":"Identification of surgically curable primary aldosteronism by imaging in a large, multiethnic international study","volume":"106","author":"Rossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2002.30498","article-title":"Unique cases of unilateral hyperaldosteronemia due to multiple adrenocortical micronodules, which can only be detected by selective adrenal venous sampling","volume":"51","author":"Omura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001939","article-title":"10 good reasons why adrenal vein sampling is the preferred method for referring primary aldosteronism patients for adrenalectomy","volume":"37","author":"Rossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-4061","article-title":"The management of primary aldosteronism: case detection, diagnosis, and treatment: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline","volume":"101","author":"Funder","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchy.2020.100029","article-title":"The 2020 Italian Society of Arterial Hypertension (SIIA) practical guidelines for the management of primary aldosteronism","volume":"5","author":"Rossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Hypertens"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1957.tb00129.x","article-title":"Catheterisation of the right adrenal vein in man 2","volume":"159","author":"Masoni","year":"1957","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"issue":"8755","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93192-C","article-title":"Forgotten description of primary hyperaldosteronism","volume":"337","author":"Kucharz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B17","first-page":"3","article-title":"Presidential address. I. Painting background. II. Primary aldosteronism, a new clinical syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Conn","year":"1955","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196711162772002","article-title":"Diagnosis and localization of aldosterone-producing adenomas by adrenal-vein cateterization","volume":"277","author":"Melby","year":"1967","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"512","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-43-512-531","article-title":"Complications of adrenal venography 1","volume":"43","author":"Bayliss","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1148\/101.1.71","article-title":"Adrenal arteriography and venography in primary aldosteronism","volume":"101","author":"Kahn","year":"1971","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-76-6-391","article-title":"Preoperative lateralisation of aldosterone-producing tumours in primary aldosteronism","volume":"76","author":"Scoggins","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-76-6-885","article-title":"Diagnosis and localization in primary aldosteronism","volume":"76","author":"Horton","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-76-6-899","article-title":"Percutaneous adrenal venography a clinical study of 50 patients","volume":"76","author":"Nicolis","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.119.3.564","article-title":"Adrenal venography: clinical-roentgeno-graphic correlation in 80 patients","volume":"119","author":"Mitty","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-3-386","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: diagnosis, localization, and treatment","volume":"90","author":"Weinberger","year":"1979","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1148\/133.2.331","article-title":"Preoperative diagnosis and localization of aldosteronomas by measurement of corticosteroids in adrenal venous blood","volume":"133","author":"Dunnick","year":"1979","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.142.2.7054832","article-title":"Localization of functional adrenal tumors by computed tomography and venous sampling","volume":"142","author":"Dunnick","year":"1982","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.141.2.299","article-title":"Primary hyperaldosteronism: comparison of CT, adrenal venography and venous sampling","volume":"141","author":"Geisinger","year":"1983","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00357.x","article-title":"Distinguishing aldosterone-producing adenoma from other forms of hyperaldosteronism and lateralizing the tumor pre-operatively","volume":"13","author":"Gordon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj1954.37.151","article-title":"Localization of aldosterone-producing adenoma: venous sampling in primary aldosteronism","volume":"37","author":"Iwaoka","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endocrinol Jpn"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.184.3.1509049","article-title":"Distinction between hyperaldosteronism due to bilateral hyperplasia and unilateral aldosteronoma: reliability of CT","volume":"184","author":"Doppman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00010","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism","volume":"121","author":"Blumenfeld","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(96)80033-X","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: adrenal venous sampling","volume":"120","author":"Young","year":"1996","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.198.2.8596821","article-title":"Hyperaldosteronism: sampling the adrenal veins","volume":"198","author":"Doppman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1340308","article-title":"Relative value of computed tomography scanning and venous sampling in establishing the cause of primary hyperaldosteronism","volume":"134","author":"Sheaves","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"25","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199812173392507","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism","volume":"339","author":"Ganguly","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.3.7287","article-title":"Identification of the etiology of primary aldosteronism with adrenal vein sampling in patients with equivocal computed tomography and magnetic resonance findings: results in 104 consecutive cases","volume":"86","author":"Rossi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2830","article-title":"The Adrenal Vein Sampling International Study (AVIS) for identifying the major subtypes of primary aldosteronism","volume":"97","author":"Rossi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13463","article-title":"The clinical outcomes of 1625 patients with primary aldosteronism subtyped with adrenal vein sampling","volume":"74","author":"Rossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21910","article-title":"Multifocal, asymmetric bilateral primary aldosteronism cannot be excluded by strong adrenal vein sampling lateralization: an international retrospective cohort study","volume":"81","author":"Turcu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.22281","article-title":"Unilateral primary aldosteronism: long-term disease recurrence after adrenalectomy","volume":"81","author":"Tetti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3266","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0104","article-title":"Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"93","author":"Funder","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B43","first-page":"1066","article-title":"Comparison of adrenal vein sampling and computed tomography in the differentiation of primary aldosteronism","volume":"86","author":"Magill","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00007","article-title":"Systematic review: diagnostic procedures to differentiate unilateral from bilateral adrenal abnormality in primary aldosteronism","volume":"151","author":"Kempers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ11-0133","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism--the Japan Endocrine Society 2009","volume":"58","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18284","article-title":"Feasibility of imaging-guided adrenalectomy in young patients with primary aldosteronism","volume":"79","author":"Rossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0748-7983(03)00051-9","article-title":"Review of surgical management of aldosterone secreting tumours of the adrenal cortex","volume":"29","author":"Harris","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2007.04225.x","article-title":"Outcomes of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for hyperaldosteronism","volume":"77","author":"Pang","year":"2007","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B49","first-page":"475","article-title":"High resolution MRI of adrenal glands in patients with primary aldosteronism","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-4-200108210-00010","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: factors associated with normalization of blood pressure after surgery","volume":"135","author":"Sawka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.111369","article-title":"Vascular remodeling and duration of hypertension predict outcome of adrenalectomy in primary aldosteronism patients","volume":"51","author":"Rossi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.08.022","article-title":"Is adrenal venous sampling necessary in all patients with hyperaldosteronism before adrenalectomy?","volume":"19","author":"Zarnegar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10596","article-title":"Adrenalectomy lowers incident atrial fibrillation in primary aldosteronism patients at long term","volume":"71","author":"Rossi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.76","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the clinical aspects of primary aldosteronism","volume":"7","author":"Rossi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4397","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2788","article-title":"Outcome of adrenal vein sampling performed during concurrent mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy","volume":"99","author":"Haase","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01299","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling lateralization despite mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists exposure in primary aldosteronism","volume":"104","author":"Nanba","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.4158\/EP-2019-0599","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling without discontinuation of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy","volume":"26","author":"Ganesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dgaa080","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa080","article-title":"Effects of mineralocorticoid and AT1 receptor antagonism on the aldosterone-renin ratio in primary aldosteronism-the EMIRA study","volume":"105","author":"Rossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.22721","article-title":"Subtype identification of surgically curable primary aldosteronism during treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor blockade","volume":"81","author":"Pintus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002047","article-title":"Influence of antihypertensive drugs in the subtype diagnosis of primary aldosteronism by adrenal venous sampling","volume":"37","author":"Nagasawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S143","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.25si055514","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling: how to make it quick, easy, and successful","volume":"25","author":"Daunt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-007-0017-3","article-title":"New concepts in adrenal vein sampling for aldosterone in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism","volume":"9","author":"Rossi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21247","article-title":"Unilaterally selective adrenal vein sampling for identification of surgically curable primary aldosteronism","volume":"80","author":"Rossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"570","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-48-570-435","article-title":"Adrenal venography and ultrasound in the investigation of the adrenal gland: an analysis of 58 cases","volume":"48","author":"Davidson","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.134759","article-title":"Impact of accessory hepatic veins on adrenal vein sampling for identification of surgically curable primary aldosteronism","volume":"54","author":"Miotto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3338","article-title":"Radiologic anatomy of the right adrenal vein: preliminary experience with MDCT","volume":"191","author":"Matsuura","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1109","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20190636","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20190636","article-title":"Utility of microcatheter in adrenal venous sampling for primary aldosteronism","volume":"93","author":"Noda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"1120","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20200387","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20200387","article-title":"Are microcatheters really necessary in adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in primary aldosteronism?","volume":"94","author":"Crim\u00ec","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2023.07.006","article-title":"To use or not to use? Quantifying the benefit of microcatheter use in adrenal vein sampling","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0972","article-title":"A stress reaction affects assessment of selectivity of adrenal venous sampling and of lateralization of aldosterone excess in primary aldosteronism","volume":"166","author":"Seccia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001564","article-title":"The subtyping of primary aldosteronism by adrenal vein sampling: sequential blood sampling causes factitious lateralization","volume":"36","author":"Rossitto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.212627","article-title":"Impact of intraprocedural sedation on adrenal vein sampling without corticotropin stimulation","volume":"304","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09415","article-title":"Androstenedione and 17-\u03b1-hydroxyprogesterone are better indicators of adrenal vein sampling selectivity than cortisol","volume":"70","author":"Ceolotto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s40292-017-0192-5","article-title":"The intra-procedural cortisol assay during adrenal vein sampling : rationale and design of a randomized study (I-Padua)","volume":"24","author":"Cesari","year":"2017","journal-title":"High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2011.107","article-title":"Adrenal gland: uncertainty in the selective use of adrenal vein sampling","volume":"7","author":"Rosenquist","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2009.03714.x","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism: time for a reality check","volume":"72","author":"Stewart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz017","article-title":"Subtyping of primary aldosteronism in the AVIS-2 study: assessment of selectivity and lateralization","volume":"105","author":"Rossitto","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3282f9e66a","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism: the assessment of selectivity and lateralization of aldosterone excess baseline and after adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation","volume":"26","author":"Rossi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2253","article-title":"Adrenal venous sampling for catecholamines: a normal value study","volume":"95","author":"Freel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2014.10.006","article-title":"An LC\u2013MS\/MS method for steroid profiling during adrenal venous sampling for investigation of primary aldosteronism","volume":"145","author":"Peitzsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000202818.10459.96","article-title":"Dynamic testing with high-dose adrenocorticotrophic hormone does not improve lateralization of aldosterone oversecretion in primary aldosteronism patients","volume":"24","author":"Rossi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181961d77","article-title":"Rapid cortisol assays improve the success rate of adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism","volume":"249","author":"Auchus","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0287","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling using rapid cortisol assays in primary aldosteronism is useful in centers with low success rates","volume":"165","author":"Betz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2011.148","article-title":"Intraprocedural cortisol measurement increases adrenal vein sampling success rate in primary aldosteronism","volume":"24","author":"Rossi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.092080","article-title":"Rapid cortisol assay during adrenal vein sampling in patients with primary aldosteronism","volume":"53","author":"Mengozzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1011","article-title":"Impact of new quick gold nanoparticle-based cortisol assay during adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism","volume":"101","author":"Yoneda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.128553","article-title":"Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation during adrenal vein sampling for identifying surgically curable subtypes of primary aldosteronism: comparison of 3 different protocols","volume":"53","author":"Seccia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30100-0","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling versus CT scan to determine treatment in primary aldosteronism: an outcome-based randomised diagnostic trial","volume":"4","author":"Dekkers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30240-6","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling versus CT scanning in primary aldosteronism","volume":"4","author":"Funder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.15139","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism: recommendations from the Australian and New Zealand working group","volume":"102","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2004.06.051","article-title":"Role for adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism","volume":"136","author":"Young","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2010.05.006","article-title":"Consequences of adrenal venous sampling in primary hyperaldosteronism and predictors of unilateral adrenal disease","volume":"211","author":"Mathur","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.12.042","article-title":"Single-center outcome of laparoscopic unilateral adrenalectomy for patients with primary aldosteronism: lateralizing disease using results of adrenal venous sampling","volume":"78","author":"Ishidoya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.141.5.497","article-title":"Primary hyperaldosteronism: effect of adrenal vein sampling on surgical outcome","volume":"141","author":"Nwariaku","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.146613","article-title":"Impact of different diagnostic criteria during adrenal vein sampling on reproducibility of subtype diagnosis in patients with primary aldosteronism","volume":"55","author":"Mulatero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2011.03.007","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: results of adrenalectomy for nonsingle adenoma","volume":"213","author":"Quillo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04177.x","article-title":"100 cases of primary aldosteronism: careful choice of patients for surgery using adrenal venous sampling and CT imaging results in excellent blood pressure and potassium outcomes","volume":"76","author":"Graham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0254","article-title":"Basal contralateral aldosterone suppression is rare in lateralized primary aldosteronism","volume":"183","author":"Desrochers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-001-0035-2","article-title":"In vitro release of aldosterone and cortisol in human adrenal adenomas correlates to mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes for genes CYP11B2 and CYP17","volume":"25","author":"Enberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2017-00134","article-title":"Aldosterone-producing cell clusters frequently harbor somatic mutations and accumulate with age in normal adrenals","volume":"1","author":"Omata","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae411","article-title":"Double CYP11B1\/CYP11B2 immunohistochemistry and detection of KCNJ5 mutations in primary aldosteronism","volume":"109","author":"Caroccia","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D15","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-18-0844","article-title":"Adrenal venous sampling: cosyntropin stimulation or not?","volume":"181","author":"Deinum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2006.07.026","article-title":"Adrenal venous sampling in primary hyperaldosteronism: comparison of radiographic with biochemical success and the clinical decision-making with \u201cless than ideal\u201d testing","volume":"140","author":"Harvey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.189548","article-title":"Effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation during adrenal vein sampling in primary aldosteronism","volume":"59","author":"Monticone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1272","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2785","article-title":"18-Oxocortisol measurement in adrenal vein sampling as a biomarker for subclassifying primary aldosteronism","volume":"96","author":"Nakamura","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.30.1083","article-title":"Localization of aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenomas: significance of adrenal venous sampling","volume":"30","author":"Satoh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13110","article-title":"Does ACTH improve the diagnostic performance of adrenal vein sampling for subtyping primary aldosteronism?","volume":"85","author":"Wolley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3915","article-title":"Basal and post-ACTH aldosterone and its ratios are useful during adrenal vein sampling in primary aldosteronism","volume":"101","author":"El Ghorayeb","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa482","article-title":"The concordance between imaging and adrenal vein sampling varies with aldosterone-driver somatic mutation","volume":"105","author":"Wannachalee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70001","DOI":"10.1002\/edm2.70001","article-title":"Utility of adrenal vein sampling with and without ultra-low dose ACTH infusion in the diagnostic evaluation of primary aldosteronism","volume":"7","author":"Preston","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2338209","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.38209","article-title":"Corticotropin stimulation in adrenal venous sampling for patients with primary aldosteronism: the ADOPA randomized clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac011","article-title":"Peptidergic G protein-coupled receptor regulation of adrenal function: bench to bedside and back","volume":"43","author":"Lenzini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B113","first-page":"598","article-title":"Preoperative diagnosis and localization of aldosterone-producing adenoma by adrenal venous sampling after administration of metoclopramide","volume":"100","author":"Wu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6330","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06209-5","article-title":"Simultaneous bilateral adrenal vein sampling for primary aldosteronism: useful tips to make it simple and safe","volume":"29","author":"Lupi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2019.08.012","article-title":"Adrenal venous sampling: where do we stand?","volume":"48","author":"Rossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2803","article-title":"Role of unilateral adrenalectomy in bilateral primary aldosteronism: a 22-year single center experience","volume":"94","author":"Sukor","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105332","article-title":"Aldosterone synthase inhibitors for cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive review of preclinical, clinical and in silico data","volume":"163","author":"Lenzini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2213169","article-title":"Phase 2 trial of baxdrostat for treatment-resistant hypertension","volume":"388","author":"Freeman","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4585","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2864","article-title":"Age-dependent increases in adrenal cytochrome b5 and serum 5-androstenediol-3-sulfate","volume":"101","author":"Rege","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.168484","article-title":"Adrenal venous sampling: evaluation of the German Conn's registry","volume":"57","author":"Vonend","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06305","article-title":"Clinical management and outcomes of adrenal hemorrhage following adrenal vein sampling in primary aldosteronism","volume":"67","author":"Monticone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-4-825","article-title":"Iodomethylnorcholesterol uptake in an aldosteronoma shown by dexamethasone-suppresion scintigraphy: relationship to adenoma size and functional activity","volume":"71","author":"Nomura","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B123","first-page":"1233","article-title":"Iodo-methyl norcholesterol scintigraphy in the localization of primary hyperaldosteronism","volume":"82","author":"Khalil","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1537","article-title":"Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of 11C-metomidate positron emission tomography (PET)-CT for lateralizing aldosterone secretion by Conn's adenomas","volume":"97","author":"Burton","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2017.9","article-title":"11 C-metomidate PET-CT scanning can identify aldosterone-producing adenomas after unsuccessful lateralisation with CT\/MRI and adrenal venous sampling","volume":"31","author":"Ouyang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13942","article-title":"11 C-metomidate PET\/CT is a useful adjunct for lateralization of primary aldosteronism in routine clinical practice","volume":"90","author":"O'Shea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B127","first-page":"275","article-title":"PET imaging of adrenal cortical tumors with the 11 \u03b2-hydroxylase tracer 11C-metomidate","volume":"41","author":"Bergstr\u00f6m","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0532","article-title":"Functional imaging with 11C-metomidate PET for subtype diagnosis in primary aldosteronism","volume":"183","author":"Soinio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02114-5","article-title":"[11c] metomidate PET-CT versus adrenal vein sampling for diagnosing surgically curable primary aldosteronism: a prospective, within-patient trial","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09975","article-title":"Targeting CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor type 4) for molecular imaging of aldosterone-producing adenoma","volume":"71","author":"Heinze","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000005475","article-title":"Integrated 68Ga-pentixafor and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET\/MR for diagnosing adrenal aldosterone-producing adenoma and accessory splenic nodules","volume":"49","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.123.266061","article-title":"Clinical value of 68Ga-pentixafor PET\/CT in subtype diagnosis of primary aldosteronism patients with adrenal micronodules","volume":"65","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2255609","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.55609","article-title":"Accuracy of gallium-68 pentixafor positron emission tomography-computed tomography for subtyping diagnosis of primary aldosteronism","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025071419564093500_bnaf007-B134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3431","article-title":"A novel CYP11B2-specific imaging agent for detection of unilateral subtypes of primary","volume":"101","author":"Abe","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin End Metab"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnaf007\/61945169\/bnaf007.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/46\/4\/501\/61945169\/bnaf007.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/46\/4\/501\/61945169\/bnaf007.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T23:57:30Z","timestamp":1752537450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article\/46\/4\/501\/8020816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"references-count":134,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnaf007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-769X","1945-7189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-769X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7189","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]}}}