{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T16:13:05Z","timestamp":1788970385042,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":241,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The medical management of obesity has been transformed by the introduction of obesity medicines (OMs), based on the actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 and other nutrient-stimulated hormones, enabling the achievement of unprecedented weight reduction through pharmacotherapy. Here we review our current understanding of key issues surrounding obesity treatment, weight reduction, and improving health for people living with obesity. Key gaps in our knowledge of fundamental aspects of energy homeostasis are identified with a focus on their translational importance for improving outcomes. We discuss the utility of weight and health metrics, heterogeneity in achievement of clinical outcomes, individualization of treatment targets and goals, strengths and limitations of clinical trial, observational and real-world data (RWD), opportunities for improving the joint use of lifestyle management and OMs, gaps in our understanding of the long-term safety and side effects of current and emerging medicines, and the potential negative effects of losing weight. Collectively, while not intended as guidance for treatment, this document highlights the considerable progress and new research opportunities for interrogating basic and clinical science with the goal of translating advances in endocrine science into optimized outcomes for a broad range of individuals along the continuum of the weight journey.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnag025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T11:56:48Z","timestamp":1783684608000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Obesity science, research gaps, and opportunities in the new era of obesity medicines: an Endocrine Society scientific statement"],"prefix":"10.1210","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1446-0991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ania M","family":"Jastreboff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Yale Obesity Research Center (Y-Weight), Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06510, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Pediatric Endocrinology), Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamy D","family":"Ard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Prevention and Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin D","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AstraZeneca Inc. Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee M","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Obesity Medicine and Weight Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , Hanover, NH 03755, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2046-127X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harlan M","family":"Krumholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, , New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Van Name","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Pediatric Endocrinology), Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna H","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6688-8127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J","family":"Drucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , M5G1X5","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"25","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1909301","article-title":"Projected U.S. State-level prevalence of adult obesity and severe obesity","volume":"381","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017-00111","article-title":"Obesity pathogenesis: an endocrine society scientific statement","volume":"38","author":"Schwartz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3415","article-title":"Pharmacological management of obesity: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline","volume":"100","author":"Apovian","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032183","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"384","author":"Wilding","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206038","article-title":"Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity","volume":"387","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-043021-014919","article-title":"New frontiers in obesity treatment: GLP-1 and nascent nutrient-stimulated hormone-based therapeutics","volume":"74","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-025-01183-8","article-title":"GLP-1-based therapies for diabetes, obesity and beyond","volume":"24","author":"Drucker","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563","article-title":"Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes","volume":"389","author":"Lincoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2404881","article-title":"Tirzepatide for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and obesity","volume":"391","author":"Malhotra","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2413258","article-title":"Phase 3 trial of semaglutide in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis","volume":"392","author":"Sanyal","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-04124-5","article-title":"The expanding landscape of GLP-1 medicines","volume":"32","author":"Drucker","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.14392","article-title":"New molecules and indications for GLP-1 medicines","volume":"334","author":"Gonzalez-Rellan","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-01106-8","article-title":"On the pathogenesis of obesity: causal models and missing pieces of the puzzle","volume":"6","author":"Magkos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"6706","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adn4128","article-title":"The benefits of GLP-1 drugs beyond obesity","volume":"385","author":"Drucker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3771","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30931-2","article-title":"Inherited basis of visceral, abdominal subcutaneous and gluteofemoral fat depots","volume":"13","author":"Agrawal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.8.3.8143936","article-title":"Appetite and the regulation of body composition","volume":"8","author":"Weigle","year":"1994","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503093321001","article-title":"Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight","volume":"332","author":"Leibel","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105816","article-title":"Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss","volume":"365","author":"Sumithran","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23374","article-title":"Beyond appetite regulation: targeting energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and lean mass preservation for sustainable weight loss","volume":"30","author":"Christoffersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e133429","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.133429","article-title":"Semaglutide lowers body weight in rodents via distributed neural pathways","volume":"5","author":"Gabery","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24027","article-title":"Physiology of the weight-loss plateau in response to diet restriction, GLP-1 receptor agonism, and bariatric surgery","volume":"32","author":"Hall","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-025-01911-5","article-title":"The physiology of the weight-reduced state (POWERS) study: environmental, psychological, and social determinants of health","volume":"50","author":"Das","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B23","first-page":"558","article-title":"Hypothalamic regulation of body weight","volume":"63","author":"Keesey","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2009.207","article-title":"Roux-en-Y gastric bypass enhances energy expenditure and extends lifespan in diet-induced obese rats","volume":"17","author":"Stylopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1038\/ijosup.2016.9","article-title":"Does gastric bypass surgery change body weight set point?","volume":"6","author":"Hao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Obes Suppl"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2009.02.010","article-title":"An expanded view of energy homeostasis: neural integration of metabolic, cognitive, and emotional drives to eat","volume":"97","author":"Shin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"7538","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14177","article-title":"Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology","volume":"518","author":"Locke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5717","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1109951","article-title":"The gut and energy balance: visceral allies in the obesity wars","volume":"307","author":"Badman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.16.1568","article-title":"Recombinant leptin for weight loss in obese and lean adults: a randomized, controlled, dose-escalation trial","volume":"282","author":"Heymsfield","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00008","article-title":"Narrative review: the role of leptin in human physiology: emerging clinical applications","volume":"152","author":"Kelesidis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1196-1254","article-title":"Glucose intolerance but normal satiety in mice with a null mutation in the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor gene","volume":"2","author":"Scrocchi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.9.1552","article-title":"Elimination of GLP-1R signaling does not modify weight gain and islet adaptation in mice with combined disruption of leptin and GLP-1 action","volume":"49","author":"Scrocchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7973","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35553-2","article-title":"Genomics and phenomics of body mass index reveals a complex disease network","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2024.04.016","article-title":"An integrative framework to prioritize genes in more than 500 loci associated with body mass index","volume":"111","author":"Hemerich","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.03.028","article-title":"Polygenic prediction of weight and obesity trajectories from birth to adulthood","volume":"177","author":"Khera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03645-3","article-title":"Association between plausible genetic factors and weight loss from GLP1-RA and bariatric surgery","volume":"31","author":"German","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270006288215","article-title":"An open-label, parallel group study investigating the effects of age and gender on the pharmacokinetics of the once-daily glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide","volume":"46","author":"Damholt","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.04.018","article-title":"Semaglutide effects on energy balance are mediated by Adcyap1(+) neurons in the dorsal vagal complex","volume":"37","author":"Teixidor-Deulofeu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16176","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tolerability and weight reduction associated with tirzepatide in adults with obesity or overweight with and without type 2 diabetes in the SURMOUNT-1 to -4 trials","volume":"27","author":"Rubino","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14551","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tolerability of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4\u2005mg in adults with overweight or obesity, and the relationship between gastrointestinal adverse events and weight loss","volume":"24","author":"Wharton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10470","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-23-10470.2002","article-title":"The diverse roles of specific GLP-1 receptors in the control of food intake and the response to visceral illness","volume":"22","author":"Kinzig","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"8025","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07685-6","article-title":"Dissociable hindbrain GLP1R circuits for satiety and aversion","volume":"632","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-026-01497-w","article-title":"The genetics of obesity: aetiology, prevention and therapy","volume":"8","author":"Bonnefond","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00283-3","article-title":"Hypothalamic obesity: from basic mechanisms to clinical perspectives","volume":"13","author":"Argente","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909163411204","article-title":"Effects of recombinant leptin therapy in a child with congenital leptin deficiency","volume":"341","author":"Farooqi","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3120","DOI":"10.1038\/s44319-026-00765-w","article-title":"DNA methylation-mediated memory of obesity in CD4 T lymphocytes perpetuates immune dysregulation","volume":"27","author":"Niven","year":"2026","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"issue":"8042","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08165-7","article-title":"Adipose tissue retains an epigenetic memory of obesity after weight loss","volume":"636","author":"Hinte","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.05.050","article-title":"Natural and drug rewards engage distinct pathways that converge on coordinated hypothalamic and reward circuits","volume":"103","author":"Alhadeff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"27","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E797","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.250502","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for obesity management in adults: 2025 clinical practice guideline update","volume":"197","author":"Pedersen","year":"2025","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e194742","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI194742","article-title":"GLP-1RA precision medicine in people with type 2 diabetes: current insights and future prospects","volume":"136","author":"Cardoso","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"10481","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00397-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence of child and adolescent overweight and obesity, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"405","author":"GBD 2021 Adolescent BMI Collaborators","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.05.008","article-title":"Ultra-processed diets cause excess calorie intake and weight gain: an inpatient randomized controlled trial of ad libitum food intake","volume":"30","author":"Hall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(76)90109-8","article-title":"Dietary obesity in adult rats: similarities to hypothalamic and human obesity syndromes","volume":"17","author":"Sclafani","year":"1976","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0684-9","article-title":"High-fat food biases hypothalamic and mesolimbic expression of consummatory drives","volume":"23","author":"Mazzone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5672-0","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner prototype in severe or morbidly obese subjects implanted for up to 3 years","volume":"32","author":"Quezada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20186","article-title":"Advantages of percent weight loss as a method of reporting weight loss after roux-en-Y gastric bypass","volume":"21","author":"Hatoum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23116","article-title":"Genetics of obesity: what we have learned over decades of research","volume":"29","author":"Bouchard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03827-z","article-title":"Polygenic prediction of body mass index and obesity through the life course and across ancestries","volume":"31","author":"Smit","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.06.010","article-title":"Brain control of energy homeostasis: implications for anti-obesity pharmacotherapy","volume":"188","author":"Johansen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-021-00414-z","article-title":"The genetics of obesity: from discovery to biology","volume":"23","author":"Loos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13810","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13810","article-title":"The utility of obesity polygenic risk scores from research to clinical practice: a review","volume":"25","author":"Jansen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2020.06.002","article-title":"Role of energy excretion in human body weight regulation","volume":"31","author":"Lund","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3161","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38778-x","article-title":"Host-diet-gut microbiome interactions influence human energy balance: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"14","author":"Corbin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0801-z","article-title":"Effects of underfeeding and oral vancomycin on gut microbiome and nutrient absorption in humans","volume":"26","author":"Basolo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198802253180802","article-title":"Reduced rate of energy expenditure as a risk factor for body-weight gain","volume":"318","author":"Ravussin","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4043","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-0785","article-title":"Lower \u201cawake and fed thermogenesis\u201d predicts future weight gain in subjects with abdominal adiposity","volume":"62","author":"Piaggi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2859","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-1881","article-title":"A human thrifty phenotype associated with less weight loss during caloric restriction","volume":"64","author":"Reinhardt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B68","first-page":"E650","article-title":"Low ratio of fat to carbohydrate oxidation as predictor of weight gain: study of 24-h RQ","volume":"259","author":"Zurlo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.4.803","article-title":"Carbohydrate balance predicts weight and fat gain in adults","volume":"83","author":"Eckel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-021-00455-9","article-title":"Neural vulnerability factors that predict future weight gain","volume":"10","author":"Stice","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12354","article-title":"Food cue reactivity and craving predict eating and weight gain: a meta-analytic review","volume":"17","author":"Boswell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15226","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.15226","article-title":"Identifying obesity subtypes: a review of studies utilising clinical biomarkers and genetic data","volume":"40","author":"Abraham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3801","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03931-0","article-title":"Genetic subtyping of obesity reveals biological insights into the uncoupling of adiposity from its cardiometabolic comorbidities","volume":"31","author":"Chami","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00731-5","article-title":"A phenome-wide comparative analysis of genetic discordance between obesity and type 2 diabetes","volume":"5","author":"Coral","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03299-7","article-title":"Subclassification of obesity for precision prediction of cardiometabolic diseases","volume":"31","author":"Coral","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.70015","article-title":"Precision prevention, diagnostics, and treatment of obesity: pipedream or reality?","volume":"33","author":"Woolf","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2025.113041","article-title":"Weight loss from glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists by genetic factors in adults with type 2 diabetes","volume":"231","author":"Zheng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-026-10330-z","article-title":"Genetic predictors of GLP1 receptor agonist weight loss and side effects","volume":"653","author":"Su","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2021.100387","article-title":"Levels of circulating semaglutide determine reductions in HbA1c and body weight in people with type 2 diabetes","volume":"2","author":"Overgaard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70063","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.70063","article-title":"Sex differences in the efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.70120","article-title":"Real-world evidence on weight loss and safety with semaglutide in obesity telehealth: a large retrospective cohort study","volume":"34","author":"Tchang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e118","DOI":"10.1016\/S3050-5038(25)00145-1","article-title":"The role of menopause hormone therapy in modulating tirzepatide-associated weight loss in postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"2","author":"Castaneda","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Obstet Gynaecol Women's Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3009","article-title":"Targeted estrogen delivery reverses the metabolic syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Finan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"9793","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60812-X","article-title":"Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight","volume":"378","author":"Hall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.0245","article-title":"Effect of low-fat vs low-carbohydrate diet on 12-month weight loss in overweight adults and the association with genotype pattern or insulin secretion: the DIETFITS randomized clinical trial","volume":"319","author":"Gardner","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7733","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-07535-2","article-title":"Statistical pitfalls of personalized medicine","volume":"563","author":"Senn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-022-00404-5","article-title":"The niche of n-of-1 trials in precision medicine for weight loss and obesity treatment: back to the future","volume":"11","author":"Grammatikopoulou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Nutr Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.091520","article-title":"Predicting successful long-term weight loss from short-term weight-loss outcomes: new insights from a dynamic energy balance model (the POUNDS lost study)","volume":"101","author":"Thomas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14725","article-title":"Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: the STEP 1 trial extension","volume":"24","author":"Wilding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.24945","article-title":"Continued treatment with tirzepatide for maintenance of weight reduction in adults with obesity: the SURMOUNT-4 randomized clinical trial","volume":"331","author":"Aronne","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e085304","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2025-085304","article-title":"Weight regain after cessation of medication for weight management: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"392","author":"West","year":"2026","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028198","article-title":"Healthy weight loss maintenance with exercise, liraglutide, or both combined","volume":"384","author":"Lundgren","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12772","article-title":"Determinants of weight loss maintenance: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Varkevisser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70200-1","article-title":"The effect of rate of weight loss on long-term weight management: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"2","author":"Purcell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.6586","article-title":"Is weight loss-induced muscle mass loss clinically relevant?","volume":"332","author":"Conte","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.067676","article-title":"Muscle mass and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: adaptive or maladaptive response to weight loss?","volume":"150","author":"Linge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00272-9","article-title":"Muscle matters: the effects of medically induced weight loss on skeletal muscle","volume":"12","author":"Prado","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22493","article-title":"Weight cycling as a risk factor for low muscle mass and strength in a population of males and females with obesity","volume":"27","author":"Rossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"31","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E875","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.191707","article-title":"Obesity in adults: a clinical practice guideline","volume":"192","author":"Wharton","year":"2020","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00316-4","article-title":"Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity","volume":"13","author":"Rubino","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2553","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.19329","article-title":"Association of genetic variants related to gluteofemoral vs abdominal fat distribution with type 2 diabetes, coronary disease, and cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"320","author":"Lotta","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.03.002","article-title":"Cardiometabolic characteristics of people with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity","volume":"36","author":"Petersen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bnaa004","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaa004","article-title":"Metabolically healthy obesity","volume":"41","author":"Bluher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00157-8","article-title":"Understanding the cause of type 2 diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Taylor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803783","article-title":"Allometric relationship between changes of visceral fat and total fat mass","volume":"32","author":"Hallgreen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-026-04353-2","article-title":"Data-driven prioritization of high-risk individuals for weight loss interventions","volume":"32","author":"Demircan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm517","article-title":"Adolphe quetelet (1796-1874)\u2013the average man and indices of obesity","volume":"23","author":"Eknoyan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(72)90027-6","article-title":"Indices of relative weight and obesity","volume":"25","author":"Keys","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2025071202","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2025-071202","article-title":"Children with obesity are not little adults with obesity","volume":"156","author":"Fox","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"31","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B110","article-title":"Draft guidance for industry on developing products for weight management","volume":"72","author":"FDA U","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B111","author":"FDA U"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2010.09.025","article-title":"Reported excess weight loss after bariatric surgery could vary significantly depending on calculation method: a plea for standardization","volume":"7","author":"Montero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30084-1","article-title":"Visceral and ectopic fat, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease: a position statement","volume":"7","author":"Neeland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2004.137","article-title":"Development of health-related waist circumference thresholds within BMI categories","volume":"12","author":"Ardern","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00952.x","article-title":"Waist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Ashwell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680800200623","article-title":"Body composition methods: comparisons and interpretation","volume":"2","author":"Duren","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2018-000722","article-title":"Advanced body composition assessment: from body mass index to body composition profiling","volume":"66","author":"Borga","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Investig Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15102264","article-title":"Impedance analysis to evaluate nutritional status in physiological and pathological conditions","volume":"15","author":"Catapano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-018-0145-7","article-title":"Digital anthropometry: a critical review","volume":"72","author":"Heymsfield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.06.010","article-title":"Body composition by DXA","volume":"104","author":"Shepherd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2020.02.06","article-title":"MRI in the assessment of adipose tissues and muscle composition: how to use it","volume":"10","author":"Huber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"glad280","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glad280","article-title":"Estimating muscle mass using D3-creatine dilution: a narrative review of clinical implications and comparison with other methods","volume":"79","author":"Pagano","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.506","article-title":"Simulated increases in body fat and errors in bone mineral density measurements by DXA and QCT","volume":"27","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2017","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women","volume":"29","author":"Johansson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0252487","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252487","article-title":"Association between obesity and risk of fracture, bone mineral density and bone quality in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Turcotte","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmr\/zjaf135","article-title":"Effects of weight-loss interventions on bone health in people living with obesity","volume":"40","author":"Paccou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2020.09.031","article-title":"Metabolic bone changes after bariatric surgery: 2020 update, American society for metabolic and bariatric surgery clinical issues committee position statement","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24222","article-title":"Safety profile of semaglutide versus placebo in the SELECT study: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Kushner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B129","first-page":"1492","article-title":"Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and management of obesity","volume":"376","author":"Heymsfield","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-017-0262-y","article-title":"Weight loss and improvement in comorbidity: differences at 5%, 10%, 15%, and over","volume":"6","author":"Ryan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2026.03.011","article-title":"The weight-loss-independent hepatoprotective benefits of semaglutide are orchestrated by intrahepatic sinusoidal endothelial GLP-1 receptors","volume":"38","author":"Gonzalez-Rellan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"12 Suppl 11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B132","first-page":"11","article-title":"Weight-dependent and -independent effects of semaglutide in participants with MASH: secondary analysis of the phase 3 ESSENCE trial","volume":"21","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-025-09991-4","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of tirzepatide: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Masson","year":"2026","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2505928","article-title":"Cardiovascular outcomes with tirzepatide versus dulaglutide in type 2 diabetes","volume":"393","author":"Nicholls","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401943","article-title":"Tirzepatide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis","volume":"391","author":"Loomba","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0883","article-title":"Oral semaglutide versus empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin: the PIONEER 2 trial","volume":"42","author":"Rodbard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70094","DOI":"10.1002\/osp4.70094","article-title":"The identification of potential treatment targets to reduce the risk of obesity-related complications: a step toward a treat-to-target approach in obesity management","volume":"11","author":"Busetto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes Sci Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-025-01916-0","article-title":"The nature of the relationship between obesity and mental health: an IMI2 SOPHIA qualitative study","volume":"50","author":"Farrell","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.03.039","article-title":"The limitations of transforming very high body mass indexes into z-scores among 8.7 million 2- to 4-year-old children","volume":"188","author":"Freedman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2022060640","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-060640","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and treatment of children and adolescents with obesity","volume":"151","author":"Hampl","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2026.106272","article-title":"Adiposity-based obesity classification and cardiometabolic and kidney outcomes: a longitudinal UK biobank analysis","volume":"128","author":"Gunnarsson","year":"2026","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146553","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1146553","article-title":"Editorial: body composition assessment techniques in clinical and epidemiological settings: development, validation and use in dietary programs, physical training and sports","volume":"10","author":"da Costa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-04009-7","article-title":"Multi-omic definition of metabolic obesity through adipose tissue-microbiome interactions","volume":"32","author":"Chakaroun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6280","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41963-7","article-title":"Metabolic phenotyping of BMI to characterize cardiometabolic risk: evidence from large population-based cohorts","volume":"14","author":"Beyene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-025-01906-2","article-title":"Multiomics strategy-based obesity biomarkers discovery for precision medicine","volume":"50","author":"Ye","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.03.011","article-title":"Tirzepatide did not impact metabolic adaptation in people with obesity, but increased fat oxidation","volume":"37","author":"Ravussin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.02.005","article-title":"Effects of moderate and subsequent progressive weight loss on metabolic function and adipose tissue biology in humans with obesity","volume":"23","author":"Magkos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21538","article-title":"Persistent metabolic adaptation 6 years after \u201cthe biggest loser\u201d competition","volume":"24","author":"Fothergill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"9702","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61457-4","article-title":"10-year follow-up of diabetes incidence and weight loss in the diabetes prevention program outcomes study","volume":"374","author":"Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1990","article-title":"Weight change during the postintervention follow-up of Look AHEAD","volume":"45","author":"Wing","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12932","article-title":"Effects of once-weekly semaglutide on appetite, energy intake, control of eating, food preference and body weight in subjects with obesity","volume":"19","author":"Blundell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1710","article-title":"Tirzepatide reduces appetite, energy intake, and fat mass in people with type 2 diabetes","volume":"46","author":"Heise","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24216","article-title":"Development and validation of the food noise questionnaire","volume":"33","author":"Diktas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03774-9","article-title":"Tirzepatide on ingestive behavior in adults with overweight or obesity: a randomized 6-week phase 1 trial","volume":"31","author":"Martin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6784","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70063","article-title":"Impact of tirzepatide treatment on participant-reported food craving and food preference: secondary analyses of a phase 1 randomised controlled trial in people with obesity with dietary restriction","volume":"27","author":"Kennedy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30424-7","article-title":"Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in adolescents with severe obesity (AMOS): a prospective, 5-year, Swedish nationwide study","volume":"5","author":"Olbers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18010131","article-title":"Nutrition and physical activity in optimizing weight loss and lean mass preservation in the incretin-based medications era: a narrative review","volume":"18","author":"Barana","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410819","article-title":"Tirzepatide for obesity treatment and diabetes prevention","volume":"392","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10077","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30069-7","article-title":"3 years of liraglutide versus placebo for type 2 diabetes risk reduction and weight management in individuals with prediabetes: a randomised, double-blind trial","volume":"389","author":"le Roux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(26)00656-2","article-title":"Tirzepatide for maintenance of bodyweight reduction in people with obesity in the USA (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"407","author":"Horn","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-026-04386-7","article-title":"Orforglipron for maintenance of body weight reduction: the double-blind, randomized phase 3b ATTAIN-MAINTAIN trial","author":"Aronne","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.70058","article-title":"Reasons for discontinuation of obesity pharmacotherapy with semaglutide or tirzepatide in clinical practice","volume":"33","author":"Gasoyan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2337\/dci23-0062","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes remission: a new mission in diabetes care","volume":"47","author":"Taheri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2026.103796","article-title":"Trajectory of weight regain after cessation of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review and nonlinear meta-regression","volume":"93","author":"Budini","year":"2026","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.3224","article-title":"Effect of continued weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo on weight loss maintenance in adults with overweight or obesity: the STEP 4 randomized clinical trial","volume":"325","author":"Rubino","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3195","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16331","article-title":"Treating class 2-3 obesity with glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists: a 2-year real-world cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Abdel-Bary","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2011.07.002","article-title":"The CALERIE study: design and methods of an innovative 25% caloric restriction intervention","volume":"32","author":"Rickman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-025-01111-1","article-title":"Potential downsides of calorie restriction","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B169","first-page":"S9","article-title":"Describing the weight-reduced state: physiology, behavior, and interventions","volume":"29 Suppl 1","author":"Aronne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2504214","article-title":"Once-monthly maridebart cafraglutide for the treatment of obesity\u2014a phase 2 trial","volume":"393","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24177","article-title":"Weight maintenance on cost-effective antiobesity medications after 1 year of GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy: a real-world study","volume":"32","author":"Paddu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1831","article-title":"Effect of subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo as an adjunct to intensive behavioral therapy on body weight in adults with overweight or obesity: the STEP 3 randomized clinical trial","volume":"325","author":"Wadden","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02597-w","article-title":"Tirzepatide after intensive lifestyle intervention in adults with overweight or obesity: the SURMOUNT-3 phase 3 trial","volume":"29","author":"Wadden","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003387","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003387","article-title":"Duration of obesity exposure between ages 10 and 40 years and its relationship with cardiometabolic disease risk factors: a cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Norris","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-024-01008-5","article-title":"Metabolically healthy obesity: from epidemiology and mechanisms to clinical implications","volume":"20","author":"Schulze","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2008.00475.x","article-title":"Tracking of childhood overweight into adulthood: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22199","article-title":"Tracking and variability in childhood levels of BMI: the bogalusa heart study","volume":"26","author":"Freedman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.06.055","article-title":"The adipokine hypothesis of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: a novel framework to explain pathogenesis and guide treatment","volume":"86","author":"Packer","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184","article-title":"Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association","volume":"148","author":"Ndumele","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.12.018","article-title":"Prevention of cardiorenal complications in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity","volume":"36","author":"Drucker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803715","article-title":"The impact of obesity on the musculoskeletal system","volume":"32","author":"Anandacoomarasamy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000101686.98973.A3","article-title":"Obesity, sleep apnea, and hypertension","volume":"42","author":"Wolk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.2337\/dci24-0003","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 medicines for type 2 diabetes and obesity","volume":"47","author":"Drucker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2416394","article-title":"SURMOUNT-5 Trial Investigators. Tirzepatide as compared with semaglutide for the treatment of obesity","volume":"393","author":"Aronne","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13725","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13725","article-title":"Weight reduction and the risk of gallbladder and biliary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4818","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70666","article-title":"Lean mass changes with incretin therapy versus lifestyle intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"28","author":"Eisa","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.0091","article-title":"Suicide and self-harm events with GLP-1 receptor agonists in adults with diabetes or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"82","author":"Ebrahimi","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.70122","article-title":"Psychiatric safety of tirzepatide in people with obesity and no known major psychopathology: a post hoc analysis of SURMOUNT","volume":"34","author":"Wadden","year":"2026","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"25 Pt B","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.11.004","article-title":"2013 AHA\/ACC\/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines and the obesity society","volume":"63","author":"Jensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10278","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00213-0","article-title":"Semaglutide 2.4\u2005mg once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"397","author":"Davies","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10402","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01200-X","article-title":"Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity in people with type 2 diabetes (SURMOUNT-2): a double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"402","author":"Garvey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10511","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01774-X","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes (SURPASS-PEDS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"406","author":"Hannon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00182-7","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4\u2005mg versus placebo in people with obesity and prediabetes (STEP 10): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre phase 3 trial","volume":"12","author":"McGowan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2208601","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in adolescents with obesity","volume":"387","author":"Weghuber","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000001417","article-title":"Bariatric surgery for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): current knowledge of mechanisms","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401755","article-title":"A phase 2 randomized trial of survodutide in MASH and fibrosis","volume":"391","author":"Sanyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03018-2","article-title":"Triple hormone receptor agonist retatrutide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized phase 2a trial","volume":"30","author":"Sanyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201148","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.201148","article-title":"Semaglutide reduces murine blood pressure through the vascular smooth muscle GLP-1 receptor","volume":"11","author":"Medak","year":"2026","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2024-324170","article-title":"Tirzepatide and blood pressure reduction: stratified analyses of the SURMOUNT-1 randomised controlled trial","volume":"110","author":"Krumholz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.08.027","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects and tolerability of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 99,599 patients","volume":"86","author":"Galli","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dc260298","DOI":"10.2337\/dc26-0298","article-title":"Estimating the true MACE benefits from tirzepatide in SURPASS-CVOT using an imputed placebo analysis of REWIND","author":"Sattar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"10456","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01643-X","article-title":"Semaglutide versus placebo in patients with heart failure and mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction: a pooled analysis of the SELECT, FLOW, STEP-HFpEF, and STEP-HFpEF DM randomised trials","volume":"404","author":"Kosiborod","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10437","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00469-0","article-title":"Semaglutide versus placebo in people with obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a pooled analysis of the STEP-HFpEF and STEP-HFpEF DM randomised trials","volume":"403","author":"Butler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410027","article-title":"Tirzepatide for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity","volume":"392","author":"Packer","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2403347","article-title":"Effects of semaglutide on chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"391","author":"Perkovic","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03015-5","article-title":"Long-term kidney outcomes of semaglutide in obesity and cardiovascular disease in the SELECT trial","volume":"30","author":"Colhoun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2945","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15620","article-title":"Effect of semaglutide 2.4\u2005mg on physical functioning and weight- and health-related quality of life in adults with overweight or obesity: patient-reported outcomes from the STEP 1-4 trials","volume":"26","author":"Rubino","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16046","article-title":"Association between weight reduction achieved with tirzepatide and quality of life in adults with obesity: results from the SURMOUNT-1 study","volume":"27","author":"Gudzune","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2403664","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in persons with obesity and knee osteoarthritis","volume":"391","author":"Bliddal","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.0679","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"82","author":"Pierret","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-05906-7","article-title":"The expanding incretin universe: from basic biology to clinical translation","volume":"66","author":"Drucker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.07.003","article-title":"Remission of human type 2 diabetes requires decrease in liver and pancreas fat content but is dependent upon capacity for beta cell recovery","volume":"28","author":"Taylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac018","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-based therapeutics for metabolic liver disease","volume":"44","author":"Yabut","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2026.04.013","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonist use and cancer risk in obese nondiabetic adults","author":"Hsu","year":"2026:","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02026-4","article-title":"Two-year effects of semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: the STEP 5 trial","volume":"28","author":"Garvey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B216","first-page":"26","article-title":"Real-world use and effectiveness of tirzepatide among individuals without type 2 diabetes: results from the optum market clarity database","volume":"393","author":"Hankosky","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B217","first-page":"860","article-title":"Real-world persistence and adherence to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among obese commercially insured adults without diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Gleason","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2457349","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.57349","article-title":"Discontinuation and reinitiation of dual-labeled GLP-1 receptor agonists among US adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"8","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.27251","article-title":"Patients are flocking to compounded weight-loss drugs, but are they safe?","volume":"333","author":"Ruder","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2436157","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.36157","article-title":"Preconception and early-pregnancy body mass index in women and men, time to pregnancy, and risk of miscarriage","volume":"7","author":"Boxem","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2024.08.024","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use in pregnancy: a review","volume":"232","author":"Drummond","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.6663","article-title":"Safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists and other second-line antidiabetics in early pregnancy","volume":"184","author":"Cesta","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e083550","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083550","article-title":"Use of GLP1 receptor agonists in early pregnancy and reproductive safety: a multicentre, observational, prospective cohort study based on the databases of six teratology information services","volume":"14","author":"Dao","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2025.03.013","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use during the first trimester in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes","volume":"246","author":"Hanif","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.01.019","article-title":"Preconception glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use associated with decreased risk of adverse obstetrical outcomes","volume":"233","author":"Imbroane","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.20951","article-title":"Gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes after GLP-1 receptor agonist discontinuation","volume":"334","author":"Maya","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2886","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16172886","article-title":"Subcutaneous semaglutide during breastfeeding: infant safety regarding drug transfer into human milk","volume":"16","author":"Diab","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882998","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.882998","article-title":"The risk of major osteoporotic fractures with GLP-1 receptor agonists when compared to DPP-4 inhibitors: a Danish nationwide cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Al-Mashhadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00163-3","article-title":"Bone health in adults with obesity before and after interventions to promote weight loss","volume":"12","author":"Paccou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.156113","article-title":"Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists on body composition: systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"164","author":"Karakasis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102475","article-title":"Healthy weight loss maintenance with exercise, GLP-1 receptor agonist, or both combined followed by one year without treatment: a post-treatment analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"69","author":"Jensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2025.0349","article-title":"Semaglutide and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy risk among patients with diabetes","volume":"143","author":"Hsu","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3094","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16316","article-title":"Use of semaglutide and risk of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a Danish-Norwegian cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Simonsen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2024.6555","article-title":"Semaglutide and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy","volume":"143","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2025.02.025","article-title":"The effect of semaglutide and GLP-1 RAs on risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy","volume":"274","author":"Abbass","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2024.10.030","article-title":"Association between semaglutide and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a multinational population-based study","volume":"132","author":"Chou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2024.2296","article-title":"Risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in patients prescribed semaglutide","volume":"142","author":"Hathaway","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2433326","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.33326","article-title":"One-year weight reduction with semaglutide or liraglutide in clinical practice","volume":"7","author":"Gasoyan","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16151","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists discontinuation is higher in individuals with overweight and obesity without type 2 diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Grosicki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2025.2458538","article-title":"Perioperative and periprocedural management of GLP-1 receptor-based agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors: narrative review and the STOP-GAP and STOP DKA-2 algorithms","volume":"41","author":"Goldenberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026090911081218000_bnag025-B241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.24288","article-title":"World health organization guideline on the use and indications of glucagon-like peptide-1 therapies for the treatment of obesity in adults","volume":"335","author":"Celletti","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnag025\/70966507\/bnag025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnag025\/70966507\/bnag025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:31:29Z","timestamp":1788967889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnag025\/8786107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"references-count":241,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endrev\/bnag025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-769X","1945-7189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-769X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7189","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"article-number":"bnag025"}}