{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:10:07Z","timestamp":1793326207588,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":473,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This review focuses on the systemic complications of acromegaly. Mortality in this disease is increased mostly because of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, although currently neoplastic complications have been questioned as a relevant cause of increased risk of death. Biventricular hypertrophy, occurring independently of hypertension and metabolic complications, is the most frequent cardiac complication. Diastolic and systolic dysfunction develops along with disease duration; and other cardiac disorders, such as arrhythmias, valve disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction, are also common in acromegaly. Control of acromegaly by surgery or pharmacotherapy, especially somatostatin analogs, improves cardiovascular morbidity. Respiratory disorders, sleep apnea, and ventilatory dysfunction are also important contributors in increasing mortality and are beneficially advantaged by controlling GH and IGF-I hypersecretion. An increased risk of colonic polyps, which more frequently recur in patients not controlled after treatment, has been reported by several independent investigations, although malignancies in other organs have also been described, but less convincingly than at the gastrointestinal level. Finally, the most important cause of morbidity and functional disability of the disease is arthropathy, which can be reversed at an initial stage, but not if the disease is left untreated for several years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2002-0022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,9]],"date-time":"2004-02-09T17:23:20Z","timestamp":1076347400000},"page":"102-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1002,"title":["Systemic Complications of Acromegaly: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Management"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Colao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology (A.C., P.M., G.L.), \u201cFederico II\u201d University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Ferone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences and Center for Excellence for Biological Research (D.F.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Marzullo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences and Center for Excellence for Biological Research (D.F.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences and Center for Excellence for Biological Research (D.F.), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020071612033874800_R1","first-page":"110","article-title":"A singular case of prosopectasia. In: Bernasconi G, ed.","volume":"1","author":"Verga","year":"1864","journal-title":"Rendiconti del Reale Istituto Lombardo di Scienze e Lettere"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R2","first-page":"1","author":"Lane","year":"2001"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R3","first-page":"297","article-title":"Sur deux cas d\u2019acromegalie.","volume":"6","author":"Marie","year":"1886","journal-title":"Rev Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-190912000-00003","article-title":"Partial hypophysectomy for acromegaly.","volume":"50","author":"Cushing","year":"1909","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199004053221405","article-title":"Acromegaly.","volume":"322","author":"Melmed","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03356-X","article-title":"Growth hormone and prolactin excess.","volume":"352","author":"Colao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2020071612033874800_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(95)90305-4","article-title":"Clinical and medical diagnosis of acromegaly","volume":"44","author":"Lamberts","year":"1995","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03135.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of acromegaly in the Newcastle region.","volume":"12","author":"Alexander","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1987.tb00805.x","article-title":"Acromegaly.","volume":"26","author":"Nabarro","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1988.tb15881.x","article-title":"Epidemiology and long-term survival in acromegaly: a study of 166 cases diagnosed between 1955 and 1984.","volume":"223","author":"Bengtsson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009914002842","article-title":"Preface.","volume":"2","author":"Wass","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mortality in acromegaly.","volume":"34","author":"Wright","year":"1970","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R13","first-page":"293","article-title":"An audit of outcome of treatment in acromegaly.","volume":"86","author":"Bates","year":"1993","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344942","article-title":"Acromegaly: an epidemiological study.","volume":"16","author":"Etxabe","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb03789.x","article-title":"Determinants of clinical outcome and survival in acromegaly.","volume":"41","author":"Rajasoorya","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3411","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.10.5111","article-title":"Transsphenoidal microsurgery for growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas: initial outcome and long-term results.","volume":"83","author":"Abosch","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R17","first-page":"3419","article-title":"Long-term mortality after transsphenoidal surgery and adjunctive therapy for acromegaly.","volume":"83","author":"Swearingen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R18","first-page":"2730","article-title":"Mortality and cancer incidence in acromegaly: a retrospective cohort study.","volume":"83","author":"Orme","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2929","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.7.7635","article-title":"Acromegaly and cancer: not a problem.","volume":"86","author":"Melmed","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R20","first-page":"526","article-title":"Criteria for cure of acromegaly: a consensus statement.","volume":"85","author":"Giustina","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01218.x","article-title":"Growth hormone and the heart.","volume":"54","author":"Colao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R22","first-page":"1047","article-title":"Cardiac involvement in acromegaly: specific myocardiopathy or consequence of systemic hypertension.","volume":"82","author":"Lo\u0301pez-Velasco","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R23","first-page":"193","article-title":"Systemic hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance are independently correlated to the severity of the acromegalic cardiomyopathy.","volume":"85","author":"Colao","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.7.7634","article-title":"Acromegaly and cancer: a problem.","volume":"86","author":"Jenkins","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-7-527","article-title":"Sleep apnea in acromegaly.","volume":"115","author":"Grunstein","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R26","first-page":"825","article-title":"A hormonally controlled serum factor which stimulates sulfate incorporation by cartilage in vitro.","volume":"49","author":"Salmon","year":"1957","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.22.1.0419","article-title":"The somatomedin hypothesis: 2001.","volume":"22","author":"Le Roith","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R28","first-page":"761","article-title":"The insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP) superfamily.","volume":"20","author":"Hwa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.1985.tb00316.x","article-title":"A dual effector theory of growth-hormone action.","volume":"29","author":"Green","year":"1985","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9826","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.20.9826","article-title":"Growth hormone induces multiplication of the slowly cycling germinal cells of the rat tibial growth plate.","volume":"89","author":"Ohlsson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.13.4.0266","article-title":"Ternary complex factors Elk-1 and Sap-1a mediate growth hormone-induced transcription of egr-1 (early growth response factor-1) in 3T3\u2013F442A preadipocytes.","volume":"13","author":"Clarkson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117058","article-title":"Differential effects of insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone on developmental stages of rat growth plate chondrocytes in vivo.","volume":"93","author":"Hunziker","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1373.2000.22349.x","article-title":"Conditional knockout of mouse insulin-like growth factor-1 gene using the Cre\/loxP system.","volume":"223","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7088","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.12.7088","article-title":"Liver-derived insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is the principal source of IGF-I in blood but is not required for postnatal body growth in mice.","volume":"96","author":"Sjogren","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-0004(90)90051-C","article-title":"A new cytokine receptor superfamily.","volume":"15","author":"Cosman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trends Biochem Sci"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10028","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.19.10028","article-title":"Organization and chromosomal localization of the gene encoding the mouse acid labile subunit of the insulin-like growth factor binding complex.","volume":"93","author":"Boisclair","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.134.6.7515002","article-title":"Cellular localization and regulation of gene expression for components of the insulin-like growth factor ternary binding protein complex.","volume":"134","author":"Chin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R38","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Diagnostic value of the acid-labile subunit in acromegaly: evaluation in comparison with insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, and IGF-binding protein-1, -2, and -3.","volume":"86","author":"Arosio","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R39","first-page":"3001","article-title":"Usefulness of different biochemical markers of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family in diagnosing growth hormone excess and deficiency in adults.","volume":"86","author":"Marzullo","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1996.76.4.1005","article-title":"Growth, differentiation, and survival: multiple physiological functions for insulin-like growth factors.","volume":"76","author":"Stewart","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6356363","article-title":"Metallothionein-human GH fusion genes stimulate growth of mice.","volume":"222","author":"Palmiter","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26213.x","article-title":"Expression of insulin-like growth factor-I in transgenic mice.","volume":"692","author":"D\u2019Ercole","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R43","first-page":"59","article-title":"Mice carrying null mutations of the genes encoding insulin-like growth factor I (Igf-1) and type 1 IGF receptor (Igf1r).","volume":"75","author":"Liu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R44","first-page":"E331","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I exerts growth hormone- and insulin-like actions on human muscle protein metabolism","volume":"267","author":"Fryburg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114072","article-title":"Acute effects of insulin-like growth factor I on glucose and amino acid metabolism in the awake fasted rat. Comparison with insulin.","volume":"83","author":"Jacob","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240550309","article-title":"Cellular and clinical perspectives on skeletal insulin-like growth factor I.","volume":"55","author":"Delany","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21268","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.34.21268","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I-mediated neurite outgrowth in vitro requires mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.","volume":"272","author":"Kim","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5574","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203854","article-title":"The contradictions of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor.","volume":"19","author":"Baserga","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R49","first-page":"3","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins: biological actions.","volume":"16","author":"Jones","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5350.563","article-title":"Plasma insulin-like growth factor-I and prostate cancer risk: a prospective study.","volume":"279","author":"Chan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)10384-1","article-title":"Circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of breast cancer.","volume":"351","author":"Hankinson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.7.620","article-title":"Prospective study of colorectal cancer risk in men and plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3.","volume":"91","author":"Ma","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1126\/science.256.5064.1677","article-title":"Rational design of potent antagonist to the human growth hormone receptor.","volume":"256","author":"Fuh","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200004203421604","article-title":"Treatment of acromegaly with the growth hormone-receptor antagonist pegvisomant.","volume":"342","author":"Trainer","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06844-1","article-title":"Long term treatment of acromegaly with pegvisomant, a growth hormone antagonist.","volume":"358","author":"Lely","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00581.x","article-title":"The outcome of surgery for acromegaly: the need for a specialist pituitary surgeon for all types of growth hormone (GH) secreting adenoma.","volume":"49","author":"Lissett","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.319.7210.588","article-title":"Pituitary surgery for acromegaly. Should be done by specialists.","volume":"319","author":"Clayton","year":"1999","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4072","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.9.7819","article-title":"Surgical management of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas: an outcome study using modern remission criteria.","volume":"86","author":"Kreutzer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(96)90086-4","article-title":"Acromegaly\u2014the place of the neurosurgeon.","volume":"45","author":"Fahlbush","year":"1996","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1996.8080817.x","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of long-term surgical results in acromegaly: preoperative and post-operative factors predicting outcome.","volume":"45","author":"Yamada","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1996.8370847.x","article-title":"Outcome of transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly using strict criteria for surgical cure.","volume":"45","author":"Sheaves","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199702000-00001","article-title":"Complications of transsphenoidal surgery: results of a national survey, review of the literature and personal experience.","volume":"40","author":"Ciric","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R63","first-page":"3395","article-title":"Recent advances in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of acromegaly.","volume":"80","author":"Melmed","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020072","article-title":"The role of pharmacotherapy in perioperative management of patients with acromegaly.","volume":"88","author":"Ben-Shlomo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3308","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.10.4283","article-title":"Effect of octreotide pretreatment on surgical outcome in acromegaly.","volume":"82","author":"Colao","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.87.1.0044","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: experience with 50 patients.","volume":"87","author":"Jho","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.2.0293","article-title":"Surgical complications associated with the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach for pituitary adenomas.","volume":"97","author":"Cappabianca","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200017020-00001","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy or surgery as primary treatment for acromegaly?","volume":"17","author":"Ferone","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2020071612033874800_R69","first-page":"S57","article-title":"Evidence for the effectiveness of radiotherapy in the treatment of acromegaly","volume":"155","author":"Wass","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R70","first-page":"3187","article-title":"Pituitary irradiation is ineffective in normalizing insulin-like growth factor I in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"82","author":"Barkan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3185","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.10.4325","article-title":"The role of radiotherapy in acromegaly.","volume":"82","author":"Lely","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R72","first-page":"2068","article-title":"Outcome of radiotherapy for acromegaly using normalization of insulin-like growth factor I to define cure.","volume":"85","author":"Powell","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01294.x","article-title":"Efficacy of radiotherapy in normalizing serum IGF-I, acid-labile subunit (ALS) and IGFBP-3 levels in acromegaly.","volume":"55","author":"Epaminonda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3105","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021663","article-title":"Gamma-knife radiosurgery in acromegaly: a 4-year follow-up study.","volume":"88","author":"Attanasio","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199447030-00004","article-title":"Acromegaly: recognition and treatment.","volume":"47","author":"Jaffe","year":"1994","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-13-2-220","article-title":"Dopamine agonists and pituitary tumor shrinkage.","volume":"13","author":"Bevan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.2.3648","article-title":"Effect of different dopaminergic agents in the treatment of acromegaly.","volume":"82","author":"Colao","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.2.4556","article-title":"Cabergoline in the treatment of acromegaly: a study in 64 patients.","volume":"83","author":"Abs","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1390516","article-title":"Cabergoline in acromegaly: a renewed role for dopamine agonist treatment?","volume":"139","author":"Cozzi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199601253340408","article-title":"Octreotide.","volume":"334","author":"Lamberts","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-9-711","article-title":"Octreotide treatment of acromegaly: a randomized, multicenter study.","volume":"117","author":"Ezzat","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R82","first-page":"2779","article-title":"Long-term effects of depot long-acting somatostatin analog octreotide on hormone levels and tumor mass in acromegaly.","volume":"86","author":"Colao","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4554","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2001-012012","article-title":"Primary medical therapy for acromegaly: an open, prospective, multicenter study of the effects of subcutaneous and intramuscular slow-release octreotide on growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, and tumor size.","volume":"87","author":"Bevan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.2.7206","article-title":"Control of tumor size and disease activity during co-treatment with octreotide and the growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant in an acromegalic patient.","volume":"86","author":"Lely","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R85","first-page":"249","article-title":"Anatomie pathologique, lesions et trouble cardiovasculaires de l\u2019acromegalie.","volume":"9","author":"Huchard","year":"1895","journal-title":"J Practiciens"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-81-1-11","article-title":"Acromegaly and cardiovascular disorders: a prospective study.","volume":"81","author":"McGuffin Jr","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(79)90742-3","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac anatomy and function in patients.","volume":"67","author":"Savage","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(79)90477-7","article-title":"Acromegaly and the heart. An echocardiographic study.","volume":"66","author":"Smallridge","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R89","first-page":"666","article-title":"Cardiac hypertrophy and function in asymptomatic acromegaly.","volume":"12","author":"Morvan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/14.1.26","article-title":"Evidence for biventricular involvement in acromegaly: a Doppler echocardiographic study.","volume":"14","author":"Fazio","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910213411706","article-title":"Signaling pathways for cardiac hypertrophy and failure.","volume":"341","author":"Hunter","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-34-6-1445","article-title":"Acromegaly and the heart: a clinical and pathologic study.","volume":"34","author":"Hejtmancik","year":"1951","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(80)90277-X","article-title":"Pathology of the heart in acromegaly: anatomic findings in 27 autopsied patients.","volume":"100","author":"Lie","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.9.4257","article-title":"Acromegaly.","volume":"82","author":"Colao","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.1.6313","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of short-term growth hormone hypersecretion.","volume":"85","author":"Fazio","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00493.x","article-title":"Echocardiographic evidence for a direct effect of GH\/IGF-I hypersecretion on cardiac mass and function in young acromegalics.","volume":"49","author":"Minniti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3097","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.7.8573","article-title":"Cardiovascular consequences of early-onset growth hormone excess.","volume":"87","author":"Colao","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1988.tb15882.x","article-title":"A hyperkinetic heart in uncomplicated active acromegaly. Explanation of hypertension in acromegalic patients?","volume":"223","author":"Thuesen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0009","article-title":"Cardiovascular function in acromegaly.","volume":"24","author":"Clayton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8446.00044-i1","article-title":"Modifications of the cardiovascular system with aging.","volume":"11","author":"Ferrari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060047","article-title":"Arrhythmia profile in acromegaly.","volume":"13","author":"Kahaly","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.62.3.185","article-title":"Subclinical cardiac dysfunction in acromegaly evidence for a specific disease of heart muscle.","volume":"62","author":"Rodrigues","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R103","first-page":"828","article-title":"Surgical treatment of valvular heart disease in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"9","author":"Cable","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)00788-1","article-title":"Heart valve operation in acromegaly.","volume":"64","author":"Ohtsuka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Thor Surg"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3196","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021099","article-title":"High prevalence of cardiac valve disease in acromegaly: an observational analytical prospective case-control study.","volume":"88","author":"Colao","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00399-5","article-title":"Diastolic heart failure.","volume":"45","author":"Mandinov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-978698","article-title":"The role of the GH\/IGF-I axis for cardiac function and structure.","volume":"31","author":"Isgaard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1200107","article-title":"Growth hormone regulates the level of insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA in rats skeletal muscle.","volume":"120","author":"Isgaard","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(95)00163-8","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I and its binding proteins in the cardiovascular system.","volume":"30","author":"Delafontaine","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3563497","article-title":"Cellular localization of somatomedin (insulin-like growth factor) messenger RNA in the human fetus.","volume":"236","author":"Han","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(89)90076-2","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors and neonatal cardiomyocyte development: ventricular gene expression and membrane receptor variations in normotensive and hypertensive rats.","volume":"63","author":"Engelmann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(86)80321-7","article-title":"Myocyte cell loss and myocyte hypertrophy in the aging rat heart.","volume":"8","author":"Anversa","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.19.1.25","article-title":"Left ventricular insulin-like growth factor-I increases in early renal hypertension.","volume":"19","author":"Wahlander","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R114","author":"Mirsky","year":"1979"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.27.3.636","article-title":"Cardiac insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone receptor expression in renal hypertension.","volume":"27","author":"Guron","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-199308000-00001","article-title":"Induction of cardiac insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression in pressure overload hypertrophy.","volume":"306","author":"Hanson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R117","first-page":"99","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression is increased in the right ventricle hypertrophy induced by chronic hypoxia in the rat.","volume":"10","author":"Russel-Jones","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041580120","article-title":"Upregulation of IGF-I, IGF-I receptor and late growth-related genes in ventricular myocytes after infarction in rats.","volume":"158","author":"Reiss","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.7.7045","article-title":"Effects of IGF-I gene deletion on postnatal growth patterns.","volume":"140","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9975","article-title":"Roles of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 in mouse postnatal growth.","volume":"229","author":"Lupu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R121","first-page":"E568","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of octreotide on growth hormone-induced IGF-I generation and organ growth in hypophysectomized rats","volume":"260","author":"Flyvbjerg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R122","first-page":"H1721","article-title":"GH replacement fails to improve ventricular function in hypophysectomized rats with myocardial infarction","volume":"271","author":"Shen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1938.00180100014002","article-title":"The heart in acromegaly.","volume":"61","author":"Courville","year":"1938","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.4.800","article-title":"Differential cardiac effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I in the rat. A combined in vivo and in vitro evaluation.","volume":"93","author":"Cittadini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00408662","article-title":"The effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on adult rat cardiac contractility.","volume":"163","author":"Freestone","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(90)91478-P","article-title":"Cardiac physiology, biochemistry and morphology in response to excess growth hormone in the rat.","volume":"22","author":"Rubin","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22892","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M011647200","article-title":"Demonstration of direct effects of growth hormone on neonatal cardiomyocytes.","volume":"276","author":"Lu","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114737","article-title":"Effects of chronic growth hormone hypersecretion on intrinsic contractility, energetics, isomyosin pattern and myosin-adenosin thriphosphatase activity of rat left ventricle.","volume":"86","author":"Timsit","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01906959","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors and insulin increase the contractility of neonatal rat cardiocytes in vitro.","volume":"83","author":"Vetter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Basic Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.79.2.227","article-title":"Exogenously administered growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 alter intracellular Ca2+ handling and enhance cardiac performance. In vitro evaluation in the isolated isovolumic buffer-perfused rat heart.","volume":"79","author":"Stro\u0308mer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020750514954","article-title":"Cardiovascular complications in acromegaly: methods of assessment.","volume":"4","author":"Vitale","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.11.1426","article-title":"Cell death in acromegalic cardiomyopathy.","volume":"99","author":"Frustaci","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1570373","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of the somatotrophic axis.","volume":"157","author":"Gatford","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345496","article-title":"Gender- and age-related differences in the endocrine parameters of acromegaly.","volume":"25","author":"Colao","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01560.x","article-title":"Gender and age influence the relationship between serum GH and IGF-I in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"57","author":"Parkinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R136","first-page":"1426","article-title":"Cardiac effect of thyrotoxicosis in acromegaly.","volume":"85","author":"Marzullo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R137","first-page":"1518","article-title":"Impact of patient\u2019s age and disease duration on cardiac performance in acromegaly: a radionuclide angiography study.","volume":"84","author":"Colao","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005313222203","article-title":"Prognostic implications of echocardiographically determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study.","volume":"322","author":"Levy","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R139","first-page":"441","article-title":"Impaired cardiac performance is a distinct feature of uncomplicated acromegaly.","volume":"79","author":"Fazio","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-5-199909070-00009","article-title":"Potential new cardiovascular risk factors: left ventricular hypertrophy, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), triglycerides, oxidative stress, and fibrinogen.","volume":"131","author":"Harjai","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R141","first-page":"243","article-title":"Electrocardiogram in endocrine and metabolic disorders.","volume":"8","author":"Surawicz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Clin"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R142","first-page":"287","article-title":"Sudden cardiac death in acromegaly. Anatomopathological observation of a case.","volume":"89","author":"Matturri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Minerva Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01319.x","article-title":"Occurrence of ventricular late potentials in patients with active acromegaly.","volume":"55","author":"Herrmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(00)90320-X","article-title":"Clinical significance of variability of ventricular late potentials detected before discharge in patients after myocardial infarction.","volume":"139","author":"Kozer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R145","first-page":"338","article-title":"Markers of ventricular tachyarrythmias in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"54","author":"Mohamed","year":"1999","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344070","article-title":"Improvement of left ventricular hypertrophy and arrhythmias after lanreotide-induced growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I decrease in acromegaly: a prospective multicenter study.","volume":"25","author":"Lombardi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.3611177.x","article-title":"Prevalence of hypertension in acromegalic patients: clinical measurement versus 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.","volume":"48","author":"Minniti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345478","article-title":"Twenty-four hour profile of blood pressure in patients with acromegaly. Correlation with demographic, clinical and hormonal features.","volume":"22","author":"Terzolo","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001239","article-title":"Altered circadian blood pressure profile in patients with active acromegaly. Relationship with left ventricular mass and hormonal values.","volume":"15","author":"Pietrobelli","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01206.x","article-title":"Relationship between blood pressure and glucose tolerance in acromegaly.","volume":"54","author":"Jaffrain-Rea","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.42.781","article-title":"Hypertension in acromegaly: hereditary hypertensive factor produces hypertension by enhancing IGF-I production.","volume":"42","author":"Ohtsuka","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02336675","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic factor in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"38","author":"Deray","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197210192871604","article-title":"The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normotensive and hypertensive patients with acromegaly.","volume":"287","author":"Strauch","year":"1972","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI102977","article-title":"Body water and sodium in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"33","author":"Ikkos","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R155","first-page":"87","article-title":"An investigation into the pathogenesis of hypertension in acromegaly.","volume":"53","author":"Snow","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin Sci Mol Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R156","first-page":"S413","article-title":"Body composition, blood pressure and the renin-angiotensin system in acromegaly before and after treatment","volume":"3","author":"Davies","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R157","first-page":"855","article-title":"Studies on the pathogenesis of hypertension in Cushing\u2019s disease and acromegaly.","volume":"76","author":"Ritchie","year":"1990","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0830325","article-title":"Basal metabolic rate in adults with growth hormone deficiency and in patients with acromegaly: relationship with lean body mass, plasma insulin level and leucocyte sodium pump activity.","volume":"83","author":"Salomon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1987.tb00804.x","article-title":"Leucocyte sodium transport in acromegaly.","volume":"26","author":"Ng","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1989.tb01267.x","article-title":"Basal and saline-stimulated levels of plasma atrial natriuretic factor in acromegaly.","volume":"31","author":"McKnight","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R161","first-page":"533","article-title":"Increased activity of digoxin-like substance in low-renin hypertension in acromegaly.","volume":"12","author":"Soszynski","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Exp Hypertens A"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R162","first-page":"2458","article-title":"Diurnal rhythm of plasma catecholamines in acromegaly.","volume":"84","author":"Bondanelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-41-3-542","article-title":"Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine in acromegaly.","volume":"41","author":"Cryer","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-48-5-784","article-title":"Abnormal plasma catecholamine responses in acromegalics.","volume":"48","author":"Van Loon","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1090019","article-title":"Effects of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone on plasma catecholamine levels in acromegalics.","volume":"109","author":"Rozenberg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-51-2-215","article-title":"Abnormal adrenal and vascular responses to angiotensin II and an angiotensin antagonist in acromegaly.","volume":"51","author":"Moore","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R167","first-page":"304","article-title":"Catecholamine excretion in acromegalics.","volume":"63","author":"Marek","year":"1974","journal-title":"Endokrinologie"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3203","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.9.6802","article-title":"Muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"85","author":"Capaldo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R169","first-page":"407","article-title":"High blood pressure and hyperinsulinaemia in acromegaly and in obesity.","volume":"11","author":"Slowinska-Srzednicka","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Exp Hypertens A"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00705.x","article-title":"Correlation between blood pressure and plasma insulin in acromegaly.","volume":"234","author":"Ikeda","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R171","first-page":"562","article-title":"Cardiac output in acromegaly. Effects of hypophysectomy and somatostatin.","volume":"6","author":"Passa","year":"1977","journal-title":"Nouv Presse Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00620.x","article-title":"Decreased regional blood flow in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"49","author":"Chanson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1982.62.2.347","article-title":"Physiological aspects of primary hypertension.","volume":"62","author":"Folkow","year":"1982","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.65.5.1233","article-title":"Vascular remodeling in the growth hormone transgenic mouse.","volume":"65","author":"Dilley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R175","first-page":"3151","article-title":"Morphologic study of microcirculation in acromegaly by capillaroscopy.","volume":"84","author":"Schiavon","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.8.8296","article-title":"Vascular function and blood pressure in GH transgenic mice.","volume":"142","author":"Bohlooly-Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01256.x","article-title":"Increased arterial intima-media thickness by B-M mode echodoppler ultrasonography in acromegaly.","volume":"54","author":"Colao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/6.7.260S","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia: contributing factors in the pathogenesis of hypertension and atherosclerosis.","volume":"6","author":"Sowers","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1460303","article-title":"Effect of a six-month treatment with lanreotide on cardiovascular risk factors and arterial intima-media thickness in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"146","author":"Colao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01281.x","article-title":"Characterization of premature atherosclerosis of carotid arteries in acromegalic patients.","volume":"54","author":"Kasayama","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2000.01127.x","article-title":"Vascular reactivity in acromegalic patients: preliminary evidence for regional endothelial dysfunction and increased sympathetic vasoconstriction.","volume":"53","author":"Maison","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3174","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.7.8643","article-title":"Early vascular alterations in acromegaly.","volume":"87","author":"Brevetti","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01343.x","article-title":"Marked improvement in cardiovascular function after successful transsphenoidal surgery in acromegalic patients.","volume":"55","author":"Minniti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R184","first-page":"1551","article-title":"Is the acromegalic cardiomyopathy reversible? Effect of 5 year normalization of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I levels on cardiac performance.","volume":"86","author":"Colao","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R185","first-page":"581","article-title":"Progression of cardiovascular disease in acromegalic patients treated by external pituitary irradiation.","volume":"100","author":"Baldwin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1980.03310160041024","article-title":"Bromocriptine for an acromegalic patient. Improvement in cardiac function and carpal tunnel syndrome.","volume":"244","author":"Luboshitzky","year":"1980","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90865-6","article-title":"Effects of octreotide on left ventricular mass in acromegaly.","volume":"74","author":"Tokgo\u0308zoglu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-9-719","article-title":"Rapid reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy in acromegaly after suppression of growth hormone hypersecretion.","volume":"117","author":"Lim","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R189","first-page":"527","article-title":"Cardiac effects of slow-release lanreotide, a slow-release somatostatin analog in acromegalic patients.","volume":"84","author":"Baldelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009997011064","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of a single slow release lanreotide injection in patients with acromegaly and left ventricular hypertrophy.","volume":"2","author":"Manelli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R191","first-page":"3132","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of depot long-acting somatostatin analog Sandostatin LAR in acromegaly.","volume":"86","author":"Colao","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00266.x","article-title":"The cardiovascular effects of octreotide treatment in acromegaly: an echocardiographic study.","volume":"30","author":"Thuesen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03350250","article-title":"Acromegalic cardiopathy improves after treatment with increasing doses of octreotide.","volume":"14","author":"Pereira","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R194","first-page":"790","article-title":"Chronic treatment with the somatostatin analog octreotide improves cardiac abnormalities in acromegaly.","volume":"77","author":"Merola","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00135-6","article-title":"Regression of acromegalic left ventricular hypertrophy after lanreotide (a slow-release somatostatin analog).","volume":"83","author":"Hradec","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.1.5368","article-title":"Effects of one-year treatment with octreotide on cardiac performance in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"84","author":"Colao","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-113-12-921","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of the somatostatin analog octreotide in acromegaly.","volume":"113","author":"Chanson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80721-8","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary performance during exercise in acromegaly, and the effects of acute suppression of growth hormone hypersecretion with octreotide.","volume":"75","author":"Giustina","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01689.x","article-title":"Reversal of acromegalic cardiomyopathy in young but not in middle-aged patients after 12 months of treatment with the depot long-acting somatostatin analogue Octreotide.","volume":"58","author":"Colao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03872.x","article-title":"Octreotide-induced bradycardia.","volume":"18","author":"Herrington","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2020071612033874800_R201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S73","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.47.SupplMarch_S73","article-title":"Octreotide improved ventricular arrhythmia in an acromegalic patient.","volume":"7","author":"Suyama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R202","first-page":"282","article-title":"Short-term effects of pegvisomant on the acromegalic cardiomyopathy: a 6-month prospective study by echocardiography.","volume-title":"Program of the 85th Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society","author":"Colao","year":"2003"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.31.8.663","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone on insulin action in man. Mechanisms of insulin resistance, impaired suppression of glucose production, and impaired stimulation of glucose utilization.","volume":"31","author":"Rizza","year":"1982","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-27-10-1418","article-title":"Changes of carbohydrate tolerance in acromegaly with progress of the disease and in response to treatment.","volume":"27","author":"Sonksen","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1330430","article-title":"Effects of treatment with octreotide in acromegalic patients\u2013a multicenter Italian study. Italian Multicenter Octreotide Study Group.","volume":"133","author":"Arosio","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"(Suppl)1","key":"2020071612033874800_R206","first-page":"32","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone on glucose metabolism.","volume":"36","author":"Moller","year":"1991","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2001001100009","article-title":"Risk factors for glucose intolerance in active acromegaly.","volume":"34","author":"Kreze","year":"2001","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1563-2571.2000.00106.x","article-title":"Prevalence of diabetes in acromegaly and Cushing syndrome.","volume":"27","author":"Biering","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Med Aust"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2000.00986.x","article-title":"Impaired \u03b2-cell function in the presence of reduced insulin sensitivity determines glucose tolerance status in acromegalic patients.","volume":"52","author":"Kasayama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.7.1183","article-title":"Report of the expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus.","volume":"20","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03132.x","article-title":"An assessment of glucose intolerance in acromegaly and its response to medical treatment.","volume":"12","author":"Wass","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(75)90129-8","article-title":"Serum lipids in acromegaly.","volume":"24","author":"Nikkila","year":"1975","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1000358","article-title":"The incidence and pathogenesis of hyperlipidaemia in 16 consecutive acromegalic patients.","volume":"100","author":"Takeda","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1211774","article-title":"Anomalies of lipoprotein pattern and fibrinolysis in acromegalic patients: relation to growth hormone levels and insulin-like growth factor I.","volume":"105","author":"Wildbrett","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(96)06015-7","article-title":"LDL subfractions in acromegaly: relation to growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I.","volume":"129","author":"Tan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00021","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) in acromegaly.","volume":"130","author":"Maffei","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2000.01092.x","article-title":"Effects of normalization of GH hypersecretion on lipoprotein(a) and other lipoprotein serum levels in acromegaly.","volume":"53","author":"Maldonado Castro","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(99)00426-8","article-title":"LDL physical properties, lipoprotein and Lp(a) levels in acromegalic patients. Effects of octreotide therapy. Italian Multicenter Octreotide Study Group.","volume":"151","author":"Arosio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1013498","article-title":"Elevation of high density lipoproteins in acromegalics after lisuride treatment.","volume":"17","author":"Hainer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(00)00433-0","article-title":"Low plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase and lipid transfer protein activities in growth hormone deficient and acromegalic men: role in altered high density lipoproteins.","volume":"153","author":"Beentjes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01326.x","article-title":"The atherogenic plasma remnant-like particle cholesterol concentration is increased in the fasting and postprandial state in active acromegalic patients.","volume":"55","author":"Twickler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1290151","article-title":"Effect of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I on urinary albumin excretion: studies in acromegaly and growth hormone deficiency.","volume":"129","author":"Hoogenberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)80040-2","article-title":"Exercise-induced microalbuminuria in patients with active acromegaly: acute effects of slow-release lanreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analog.","volume":"49","author":"Manelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.0560593","article-title":"Studies on the pathogenesis of diabetes in acromegaly.","volume":"56","author":"Luft","year":"1967","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-48-1-17","article-title":"The insulin resistance of acromegaly: evidence for two alterations in the insulin receptor on circulating monocytes.","volume":"48","author":"Muggeo","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-56-4-733","article-title":"Insulin receptor on monocytes from patients with acromegaly and fasting hyperglycemia.","volume":"56","author":"Muggeo","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-54-5-1033","article-title":"Both human pituitary growth hormone and recombinant DNA-derived human growth hormone cause insulin resistance at a postreceptor site.","volume":"54","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R228","first-page":"E269","article-title":"Insulin resistance in acromegaly: defects in both hepatic and extrahepatic insulin action","volume":"250","author":"Hansen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01123.x","article-title":"Glucagon-stimulated plasma C-peptide and insulin levels in active and non-active acromegalics.","volume":"23","author":"Roelfsema","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-72-5-1048","article-title":"Peripheral glucose metabolism in acromegaly.","volume":"72","author":"Foss","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R231","first-page":"E980","article-title":"Influence of growth hormone on glucose-glucose 6-phosphate cycle and insulin action in normal humans","volume":"263","author":"Neely","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R232","first-page":"1012","article-title":"Basal- and insulin-stimulated substrate metabolism in patients with active acromegaly before and after adenomectomy.","volume":"74","author":"Moller","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.145r001","article-title":"Increased glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) secretion in acromegaly","volume":"145","author":"Peracchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1470189","article-title":"Circulating ghrelin levels in basal conditions and during glucose tolerance test in acromegalic patients.","volume":"147","author":"Cappiello","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E823","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00020.2002","article-title":"Insulin action on protein metabolism in acromegalic patients","volume":"284","author":"Battezzati","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb01825.x","article-title":"Serum lipoproteins in acromegaly before and 6\u201315 months after transsphenoidal adenomectomy.","volume":"41","author":"Oscarsson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.15.7.847","article-title":"Hormonal regulation of serum lipoprotein(a) levels. Contrasting effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I.","volume":"15","author":"Olivecrona","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3356","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.130.6.1597147","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone on apolipoprotein-B (apoB) messenger ribonucleic acid editing, and apoB 48 and apoB 100 synthesis and secretion in the rat liver.","volume":"130","author":"Sjoberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118415","article-title":"Regulation of rat hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors. In vivo stimulation by growth hormone is not mediated by insulin-like growth factor I.","volume":"97","author":"Rudling","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6983","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.15.6983","article-title":"Importance of growth hormone for the induction of hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors.","volume":"89","author":"Rudling","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(80)90112-2","article-title":"Decline of postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase in acromegalic patients.","volume":"29","author":"Murase","year":"1980","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(96)90245-0","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I decreases serum lipoprotein (a) during long-term treatment of patients with Laron syndrome.","volume":"45","author":"Laron","year":"1996","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R243","first-page":"685","article-title":"Serum leptin levels in acromegaly: a significant role for adipose tissue and fasting insulin\/glucose ratio.","volume":"8","author":"Bolanowski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198512193132504","article-title":"Long-term treatment of acromegaly with the somatostatin analogue SMS 201\u2013995.","volume":"313","author":"Lamberts","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979945","article-title":"Long-term effect of octreotide in acromegaly on insulin resistance.","volume":"27","author":"Breidert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2020071612033874800_R246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(96)90084-0","article-title":"Metabolic aspects of acromegaly and its treatment","volume":"45","author":"Quabbe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345491","article-title":"Effects of two different somatostatin analogs on glucose tolerance in acromegaly.","volume":"25","author":"Ronchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-6374(02)00083-7","article-title":"Growth hormone receptor antagonist improves insulin resistance in acromegaly.","volume":"12","author":"Rose","year":"2002","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1003343","article-title":"Effects of octreotide on lipid metabolism in acromegaly.","volume":"24","author":"Cohen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8364","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in acromegaly before and after normalization of serum IGF-I levels with the GH antagonist pegvisomant.","volume":"87","author":"Sesmilo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01460.x","article-title":"Serum lipoprotein changes following IGF-I normalization using a growth hormone receptor antagonist in acromegaly.","volume":"56","author":"Parkinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R252","first-page":"517","article-title":"Lung function in acromegaly.","volume":"47","author":"Harrison","year":"1978","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.32.3.322","article-title":"Pulmonary function in acromegaly.","volume":"22","author":"Evans","year":"1977","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R254","first-page":"527","article-title":"Upper airflow obstruction and pulmonary function in acromegaly: relationship to disease activity.","volume":"79","author":"Trotman-Dickenson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1980.121.3.471","article-title":"Hypoxemia and pulmonary function in acromegaly.","volume":"121","author":"Luboshitzky","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3057","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.130.5.1374020","article-title":"Cellular localization of the growth hormone binding protein in the rat.","volume":"130","author":"Lobie","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R257","first-page":"775","article-title":"Expression of exon 3-retaining and -deleted human growth hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid isoforms during development.","volume":"81","author":"Zogopoulos","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R258","first-page":"646","article-title":"Localization of the growth hormone receptor, identified by immunocytochemistry, in second trimester human fetal tissues and in placenta throughout gestation.","volume":"75","author":"Hill","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1054\/npep.2000.0802","article-title":"Expression of growth hormone-releasing factor, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 and its binding proteins in human lung.","volume":"34","author":"Allen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R260","first-page":"499","article-title":"Growth hormone acutely stimulates forearm protein synthesis in normal humans.","volume":"260","author":"Fryburg","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.3109\/01902149209031694","article-title":"Changes of growth hormone, somatomedin C, and bombesin following pneumonectomy.","volume":"18","author":"Khadempour","year":"1992","journal-title":"Exp Lung Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R262","first-page":"L761","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor axis in airway smooth muscle cells","volume":"267","author":"Noveral","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R263","first-page":"L276","article-title":"IGF-I regulation of elastogenesis: comparison of aortic and lung cells","volume":"263","author":"Rich","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.1854.63","article-title":"Notes on a case of acromegaly.","volume":"2","author":"Roxburgh","year":"1896","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R265","first-page":"142","article-title":"A case of acromegaly with laryngeal symptoms and pharyngeal symptoms.","volume":"10","author":"Chappel","year":"1896","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343767","article-title":"Prevalence of the sleep apnea syndrome in acromegaly population.","volume":"23","author":"Weiss","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1440491","article-title":"Craniofacial abnormalities and their relevance for sleep apnea syndrome aetiopathogenesis in acromegaly.","volume":"144","author":"Dostalova","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01358.x","article-title":"Effect of Sandostatin LAR on sleep apnoea in acromegaly: correlation with computerized tomographic cephalometry and hormonal activity.","volume":"55","author":"Ip","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01703.x","article-title":"The sleep apnea\/hypopnea syndrome.","volume":"25","author":"Douglas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R270","first-page":"1","author":"Guilleminault","year":"1978"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/6.4.312","article-title":"Incidence of sleep apnea in a presumably healthy working population: a significant relation with excessive daytime sleepiness.","volume":"6","author":"Lavie","year":"1983","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.2.8049836","article-title":"Central sleep apnea is associated with increased ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and hypersecretion of growth hormone in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"150","author":"Grunstein","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.14a33.x","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea in acromegaly: the role of craniofacial changes.","volume":"14","author":"Hochban","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur Resp J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-55-1-18","article-title":"Endoscopic findings in sleep apnea associated with acromegaly.","volume":"55","author":"Cadieux","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03348030","article-title":"Fixity of vocal cords and laryngocele in acromegaly.","volume":"20","author":"Motta","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01576.x","article-title":"Submandibular salivary gland volume is increased in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"57","author":"Manetti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.1.9806054","article-title":"Collapsibility of passive pharynx in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"160","author":"Isono","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(86)80327-0","article-title":"The extrathoracic airway in acromegaly.","volume":"37","author":"Morewood","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6218.894","article-title":"Sleep apnoea in acromegaly.","volume":"280","author":"Perks","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1985.00360050121021","article-title":"Sleep apnea in active acromegaly.","volume":"145","author":"Hart","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1987.tb02947.x","article-title":"Sleep apnoea and daytime sleepiness in acromegaly: relationship to endocrinological factors.","volume":"27","author":"Pekkarinen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01912.x","article-title":"Nocturnal breathing abnormalities in acromegaly after adenomectomy.","volume":"43","author":"Pelttari","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R283","first-page":"249","author":"Thorner","year":"1998"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1148\/72.4.535","article-title":"Acromegaly.","volume":"72","author":"Steinback","year":"1959","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90812-4","article-title":"The acromegalic rosary.","volume":"337","author":"Ibbertson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(70)92072-6","article-title":"Myopathy in acromegaly.","volume":"2","author":"Mastaglia","year":"1970","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10050977","article-title":"Respiratory muscle function and control of breathing in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"10","author":"Iandelli","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106321","article-title":"Acromegalic pneumonomegaly: lung growth in the adult.","volume":"49","author":"Brody","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.5.2005059","article-title":"Reduction of lung distensibility in acromegaly after suppression of growth hormone hypersecretion.","volume":"164","author":"Garcia-Rio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08060938","article-title":"Large lungs and growth hormone: an increased alveolar number?","volume":"8","author":"Donnelly","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01476.x","article-title":"Ventilation threshold as a measure of impaired physical performance in adults with growth hormone excess.","volume":"56","author":"Thomas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1996.00852.x","article-title":"Sleep apnoea in treated acromegaly: relative frequency and predisposing factors.","volume":"45","author":"Rosenow","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91405-4","article-title":"Rapid improvement of sleep apnoea of acromegaly after short term treatment with somatostatin analogue SMS 201\u2013995.","volume":"1","author":"Chanson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(195701\/02)10:1<100::AID-CNCR2820100113>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Occurrence of cancer in acromegaly and hypopituitarism.","volume":"10","author":"Mustacchi","year":"1956","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-97-1-27","article-title":"Colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"97","author":"Klein","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-101-5-627","article-title":"Acromegaly and colon cancer.","volume":"101","author":"Ituarte","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R297","first-page":"266","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tumors in acromegalic patients.","volume":"80","author":"Pines","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400080113022","article-title":"Benign and malignant tumors in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"151","author":"Barzilay","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19911015)68:8<1673::AID-CNCR2820680802>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Acromegaly and gastrointestinal cancer.","volume":"68","author":"Ron","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2561053.x","article-title":"Increased incidence of neoplasia in females with acromegaly.","volume":"47","author":"Cheung","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00536.x","article-title":"Increased incidence of neoplasia in patients with pituitary adenomas. The Pituitary Study Group.","volume":"49","author":"Popovic","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.t01-1-00815.x","article-title":"Neoplasia in patients with pituitary adenomas.","volume":"51","author":"Orme","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R303","first-page":"297","article-title":"Neoplasms in rats treated with pituitary growth hormone. I. Pulmonary and lymphatic tissues.","volume":"14","author":"Moon","year":"1950","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01453693","article-title":"Accelerated growth and visceral lesions in transgenic mice expressing foreign genes of the growth hormone family: an overview.","volume":"5","author":"Wanke","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R305","first-page":"1509","article-title":"Reduced growth of human breast cancer xenografts in hosts homozygous for the lit mutation.","volume":"56","author":"Yang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910490121","article-title":"Induction of mammary adenocarcinomas in metallothionein promoter-human growth hormone transgenic mice.","volume":"49","author":"Tornell","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119820","article-title":"Activation of the prolactin receptor but not the growth hormone receptor is important for induction of mammary tumors in transgenic mice.","volume":"100","author":"Wennbo","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3437","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.7.3437","article-title":"Growth hormone modulation of murine erythroleukemia cell growth in vitro.","volume":"75","author":"Golde","year":"1978","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.2.7936","article-title":"The effects of autocrine human growth hormone (hGH) on human mammary carcinoma cell behavior are mediated via the hGH receptor.","volume":"142","author":"Kaulsay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1054\/ghir.2002.0271","article-title":"Co-expression of GH and GHR isoforms in prostate cancer cell lines.","volume":"12","author":"Chopin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-120-5-1806","article-title":"Growth hormone stimulates sequential induction of c-myc and insulin-like growth factor I expression in vivo.","volume":"120","author":"Murphy","year":"1987","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1620321","article-title":"Growth hormone, IGF-I and cancer. Less intervention to avoid cancer? More intervention to prevent cancer?","volume":"162","author":"Holly","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.21.3.0399","article-title":"The effects of insulin-like growth factors on tumorigenesis and neoplastic growth.","volume":"21","author":"Khandwala","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4285","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I promotes proliferation and migration of cavernous smooth muscle cells.","volume":"280","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R315","first-page":"1030","article-title":"Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I levels regulate colon cancer growth and metastasis.","volume":"62","author":"Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(200004)183:1<1::AID-JCP1>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Role of insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins in growth control and carcinogenesis.","volume":"183","author":"Grimberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000064029","article-title":"Local expression of insulin-like growth factor-I affects angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.","volume":"23","author":"Bustin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10945","article-title":"Overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor in human colon carcinomas.","volume":"95","author":"Weber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.0.0080197","article-title":"The IGF system and breast cancer.","volume":"8","author":"Sachdev","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr Rel Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R320","author":"Walker"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041490319","article-title":"An IGF binding protein is an inhibitor of FGF stimulation.","volume":"149","author":"Villaudy","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26045","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)74273-2","article-title":"Demonstration of receptors for insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 on Hs578T human breast cancer cells.","volume":"268","author":"Oh","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R323","first-page":"361","article-title":"The human insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 inhibits the growth of fibroblasts with a targeted disruption of the IGF-I receptor gene.","volume":"9","author":"Valentinis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12181","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.18.12181","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 induces apoptosis and mediates the effects of transforming growth factor-\u03b21 on programmed cell death through a p53- and IGF-independent mechanism.","volume":"272","author":"Rajah","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199809000-00018","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I in relation to premenopausal ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.","volume":"9","author":"Bohlke","year":"1998","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/90.12.911","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor 1 and prostate cancer risk: a population-based, case-control study.","volume":"90","author":"Wolk","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7138.1132","article-title":"Growth hormone as a risk for premature mortality in healthy subjects: data from the Paris prospective study.","volume":"316","author":"Maison","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"11 Suppl","key":"2020071612033874800_R328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3109S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.11.3109S","article-title":"Insulin, insulin-like growth factors and colon cancer: a review of the evidence","volume":"131","author":"Giovannucci","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R329","first-page":"3991","article-title":"Serum insulin-like growth factor I: tumor marker or etiologic factor? A prospective study of prostate cancer among Finnish men.","volume":"63","author":"Woodson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30383-9","article-title":"Endocrine therapy of breast and prostate cancer.","volume":"18","author":"Manni","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1006\/frne.2001.0217","article-title":"Hypothalamic hormones and cancer.","volume":"22","author":"Schally","year":"2001","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R332","first-page":"889","article-title":"Somatostatin analogue SMS 201\u2013995 reduces serum IGF-I levels in patients with neoplasms potentially dependent on IGF-I.","volume":"9","author":"Pollak","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R333","first-page":"917","article-title":"SMS 201.995 inhibits in vitro and in vivo growth of human colon cancer.","volume":"52","author":"Dy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R334","first-page":"2007","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I protects colon cancer cells from death factor-induced apoptosis by potentiating tumor necrosis factor \u03b1-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor \u03ba B signaling pathways.","volume":"60","author":"Remacle-Bonnet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3417","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.9.6775","article-title":"The prevalence and characteristics of colorectal neoplasia in acromegaly.","volume":"85","author":"Renehan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R336","first-page":"523","article-title":"Increased epithelial cell proliferation in the colon of patients with acromegaly.","volume":"56","author":"Cats","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R337","first-page":"429","article-title":"Decreased apoptosis in acromegalic colon is not accompanied by alterations in expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL.","volume-title":"Program of the 83rd Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society","author":"David","year":"2001"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.00253.x","article-title":"Increased prevalence of colonic polyps and altered lymphocyte subset pattern in the colonic lamina propria in acromegaly.","volume":"47","author":"Colao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990415)85:8<1664::AID-CNCR4>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Colonic mucosal proliferation is related to serum deoxycholic acid levels.","volume":"85","author":"Ochsenkuhn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90846-5","article-title":"Increased serum deoxycholic acid levels in men with colorectal adenomas.","volume":"104","author":"Bayerdorffer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.28015","article-title":"Colonic transit influences deoxycholic acid kinetics.","volume":"121","author":"Veysey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R342","first-page":"55","article-title":"Ascertainment and natural history of treated acromegaly in Northern Ireland.","volume":"59","author":"Ritchie","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ulster Med J"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R343","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb01824.x","article-title":"Does acromegaly really predispose to an increased prevalence of gastrointestinal tumours?","volume":"41","author":"Ladas","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R344","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00398-8","article-title":"The adenomatous polyp and the hereditary polyposis syndromes.","volume":"17","author":"Burt","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.2820360944","article-title":"The evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum.","volume":"36","author":"Muto","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R346","first-page":"2403","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor \u03b3 expression is reduced in the colonic mucosa of acromegalic patients.","volume":"87","author":"Bogazzi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R347","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420110120013","article-title":"High prevalence of colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly. Influence of sex and age.","volume":"154","author":"Terzolo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R348","first-page":"3223","article-title":"The prevalence of colonic polyps in acromegaly: a colonoscopic and pathological study in 103 patients.","volume":"80","author":"Delhougne","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R349","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.1911029.x","article-title":"Acromegaly, colonic polyps and carcinoma.","volume":"47","author":"Jenkins","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1310235","article-title":"Increased prevalence of colonic adenomas in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"131","author":"Vasen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01355.x","article-title":"Screening colonoscopy for acromegaly in perspective.","volume":"55","author":"Renehan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R352","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1990.tb03751.x","article-title":"Colon cancer and polyps in acromegaly: increased risk associated with family history of colon cancer.","volume":"32","author":"Brunner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R353","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-9-754","article-title":"Colon polyps in acromegaly.","volume":"114","author":"Ezzat","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R354","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1001769","article-title":"Neoplastic colonic polyps in acromegaly.","volume":"26","author":"Ortego","year":"1994","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3182","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.07128.x","article-title":"Colonoscopic miss rates determined by direct comparison of colonoscopy with colon resection specimens.","volume":"97","author":"Postic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R356","first-page":"825","article-title":"Colonic neoplasia in asymptomatic persons with negative fecal occult blood tests: influence of age, gender, and family history.","volume":"88","author":"Rex","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R357","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007203430302","article-title":"Risk of advanced proximal neoplasms in asymptomatic adults according to the distal colorectal findings.","volume":"343","author":"Imperiale","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007203430301","article-title":"Use of colonoscopy to screen asymptomatic adults for colorectal cancer. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group 380.","volume":"343","author":"Lieberman","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R359","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015713732717","article-title":"Acromegaly and cancer risk: a cohort study in Sweden and Denmark.","volume":"13","author":"Baris","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2001.01410.x","article-title":"Risk of colorectal neoplasia in acromegaly: an independent view.","volume":"55","author":"Atkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R361","first-page":"3218","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I and the development of colorectal neoplasia in acromegaly.","volume":"85","author":"Jenkins","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199203053261002","article-title":"Long-term risk of colorectal cancer after excision of rectosigmoid adenomas.","volume":"326","author":"Atkin","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R363","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312303292701","article-title":"Prevention of colorectal cancer by colonoscopic polypectomy. The National Polyp Study Workgroup.","volume":"329","author":"Winawer","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R364","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05801.x","article-title":"New occurrence and recurrence of neoplasms within 5 years of a screening colonoscopy.","volume":"97","author":"Avidan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-119-2-940","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I stimulates the growth of rat thyroid cells in culture and synergizes the stimulation of DNA synthesis induced by TSH and Graves\u2019-IgG.","volume":"119","author":"Tramontano","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R366","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091800210","article-title":"Loss of mitotic response of the thyroid gland to TSH in hypophysectomized rats and its partial restoration by anterior and posterior pituitary hormones.","volume":"180","author":"Isler","year":"1974","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R367","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-66-6-1227","article-title":"Supranormal stimulation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in FRTL5 cells by serum from patients with untreated acromegaly.","volume":"66","author":"Misaki","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R368","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-69-3-639","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I: autocrine secretion by human thyroid follicular cells in primary culture.","volume":"69","author":"Tode","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R369","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(92)90033-X","article-title":"Autocrine role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in a human thyroid cancer cell line","volume":"28A","author":"Onoda","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-68-3-621","article-title":"Immunoreactive insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-I-binding protein content in human thyroid tissue.","volume":"68","author":"Minuto","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-67-5-973","article-title":"Thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin levels in patients with acromegaly: correlation with plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels.","volume":"67","author":"Miyakawa","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1003632","article-title":"Increased incidence of euthyroid and hyperthyroid goiters independently of thyrotropin in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"23","author":"Wuster","year":"1991","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R373","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1992.tb01460.x","article-title":"Preserved thyroidal secretion of thyroxin in acromegalic patients with suppressed hypophyseal secretion of thyrotrophin.","volume":"36","author":"Yoshinari","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R374","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.1680985.x","article-title":"The thyroid gland in acromegaly: an ultrasonographic study.","volume":"46","author":"Cheung","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343997","article-title":"Prevalence of thyroid diseases in patients with acromegaly: results of an Italian multi-center study.","volume":"25","author":"Gasperi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R376","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1996.d01-1567.x","article-title":"Acromegaly and thyroid carcinoma.","volume":"45","author":"Ozgen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R377","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1995.5.47","article-title":"An association between acromegaly and thyroid carcinoma.","volume":"5","author":"Balkany","year":"1995","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R378","first-page":"985","article-title":"Evidence for an increased somatomedin-C\/insulin-like growth factor I content in primary human lung tumors.","volume":"46","author":"Minuto","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R379","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113594","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I can mediate autocrine proliferation of human small cell lung cancer cell lines in vitro.","volume":"82","author":"Nakanishi","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R380","first-page":"1006","article-title":"Loss of the metastatic phenotype in murine carcinoma cells expressing an antisense RNA to the insulin-like growth factor receptor.","volume":"55","author":"Long","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.2.151","article-title":"Plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-I and lung cancer risk: a case-control analysis.","volume":"91","author":"Yu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R382","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203349","article-title":"The role of prolactin and growth hormone in breast cancer.","volume":"19","author":"Wennbo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R383","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-690X(03)00045-9","article-title":"The insulin-like growth factor system in advanced breast cancer.","volume":"18","author":"Helee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R384","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1097-1141","article-title":"Growth hormone treatment induces mammary gland hyperplasia in aging primates.","volume":"3","author":"Ng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19980417)79:2<202::AID-IJC17>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Cellular expression of growth hormone and prolactin receptors in human breast disorders.","volume":"79","author":"Mertani","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R386","first-page":"4613","article-title":"Secretion of an insulin-like growth factor-I related protein by human breast cancer cells.","volume":"46","author":"Huff","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R387","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1210\/mend-3-3-509","article-title":"Analysis of insulin-like growth factor gene expression in malignancy: evidence for a paracrine role in human breast cancer.","volume":"3","author":"Yee","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01833331","article-title":"Expression of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA in breast tissue.","volume":"22","author":"Paik","year":"1992","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R389","first-page":"6237","article-title":"Growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells in vitro with an antibody against the type I somatomedin receptor.","volume":"49","author":"Arteaga","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(87)90218-7","article-title":"Presence of the somatomedin receptors on primary human breast and colon carcinomas.","volume":"38","author":"Pollak","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01833334","article-title":"Type I IGF receptor in human breast diseases.","volume":"22","author":"Peyrat","year":"1992","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R392","first-page":"3736","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor receptors are overexpressed and predict a low risk in human breast cancer.","volume":"53","author":"Papa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R393","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.7.1945","article-title":"Uterine leiomyomata\u2013a feature of acromegaly.","volume":"13","author":"Cohen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R394","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-73-2-401","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF receptors, and IGF-binding proteins in primary cultures of prostate epithelial cells.","volume":"73","author":"Cohen","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R395","first-page":"2203","article-title":"The insulin-like growth factor axis and prostate cancer: lessons from the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model.","volume":"59","author":"Kaplan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R396","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990220307","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I: action and receptor characterization in human prostate cancer cell lines.","volume":"22","author":"Iwamura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R397","first-page":"6447","article-title":"Inhibition of cellular proliferation by peptide analogues of insulin-like growth factor 1.","volume":"52","author":"Pietrzkowski","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R398","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7263","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.14.7263","article-title":"Antisense RNA to the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor suppresses tumor growth and prevents invasion by rat prostate cells in vivo.","volume":"93","author":"Burfeind","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R399","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3252","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.9.5119","article-title":"The insulin-like growth factor type I receptor stimulates growth and suppresses apoptosis in prostatic stromal cells.","volume":"83","author":"Grant","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.14.1099","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 as predictors of advanced stage prostate cancer.","volume":"94","author":"Chan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R401","first-page":"2744","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-I is not a useful marker of prostate cancer in men with elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen.","volume":"85","author":"Finne","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R402","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5745","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8064","article-title":"Ratios of IGF-I, IGF binding protein-3 and prostate-specific antigen in prostate cancer detection.","volume":"86","author":"Stattin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R403","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.3.4645","article-title":"Prostatic hyperplasia: an unknown feature of acromegaly.","volume":"83","author":"Colao","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R404","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.6.5776","article-title":"Effect of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I on prostate diseases: an ultrasonographic and endocrine study in acromegaly, GH deficiency, and healthy subjects.","volume":"84","author":"Colao","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R405","author":"Campbell","year":"1970"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R406","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)60244-1","article-title":"Giant prostatic cancer with acromegaly.","volume":"110","author":"Krawitt","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1054\/ghir.2000.0171","article-title":"Does the GH-IGF axis play a role in cancer pathogenesis?","volume":"10","author":"Cohen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R408","first-page":"3754","article-title":"Effect of two years of growth hormone\/insulin-like growth factor-I suppression on prostate diseases in acromegalic patients.","volume":"85","author":"Colao","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R409","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711580209","article-title":"A simple method for assessment of glomerular size and its use in the study of kidneys in acromegaly and compensatory renal enlargement.","volume":"158","author":"Newbold","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03348915","article-title":"Coexistence of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma and intracranial meningioma: a case report and review of the literature.","volume":"16","author":"Cannavo\u0300","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00149375","article-title":"Fibrous dysplasia of the skull with acromegaly and sarcomatous transformation. Two cases with a review of the literature.","volume":"7","author":"Mortensen","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R412","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2001010.x","article-title":"Ocular naevus and melanoma in acromegaly.","volume":"47","author":"Corcuff","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R413","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-109-5-437_2","article-title":"Acromegaly and multiple myeloma.","volume":"109","author":"Hagg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R414","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2000.02262.x","article-title":"Acute leukaemia in acromegaly patients.","volume":"110","author":"Au","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1988.tb03686.x","article-title":"Arthropathy in acromegalic patients before and after treatment: a long-term follow-up study.","volume":"28","author":"Dons","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R416","first-page":"405","article-title":"The articular and other limb changes in acromegaly.","volume":"21","author":"Kellgren","year":"1952","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R417","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310813","article-title":"Acromegalic arthropathy: characteristics and response to therapy.","volume":"31","author":"Layton","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R418","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197303000-00017","article-title":"Peripheral joint manifestations of acromegaly.","volume":"91","author":"Detenbeck","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin Orthoped"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R419","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.6.4865","article-title":"Reversibility of joint thickening in acromegalic patients: an ultrasonography study.","volume":"83","author":"Colao","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.30.3.243","article-title":"Acromegalic arthropathy.","volume":"30","author":"Bluestone","year":"1971","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1988.tb02236.x","article-title":"Articular manifestations of acromegaly.","volume":"18","author":"Podgorski","year":"1988","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-194505000-00016","article-title":"Joint disease associated with acromegaly.","volume":"209","author":"Waine","year":"1945","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0307-742X(21)00375-1","article-title":"Locomotor abnormalities in acromegaly.","volume":"7","author":"Holt","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R424","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198303000-00017","article-title":"Acromegalic arthropathy of the hip.","volume":"173","author":"Johanson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthoped"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30205-6","article-title":"Rheumatologic and skeletal changes in acromegaly.","volume":"21","author":"Lieberman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab North Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 27","key":"2020071612033874800_R426","first-page":"46","article-title":"Articular cartilage matrix and structure","volume":"18","author":"Kuettner","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R427","first-page":"1","author":"Sledge","year":"1989"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-118-5-1843","article-title":"Growth hormone potentiates colony formation of epiphyseal chondrocytes in suspension cultures.","volume":"118","author":"Lindahl","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-121-3-1061","article-title":"Differential effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I on colony formation of epiphyseal chondrocytes in suspension cultures in rates of different ages.","volume":"121","author":"Lindahl","year":"1987","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-119-3-1370","article-title":"Embryonic chick cartilage produces its own somatomedin-like peptide to stimulate cartilage growth in vitro.","volume":"119","author":"Burch","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/0309-1651(89)90042-8","article-title":"Binding of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to primary cultures of chondrocytes from rat rib growth cartilage.","volume":"13","author":"Makower","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int Rep"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R432","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(90)90013-O","article-title":"Scorbutic and fasted guinea pig sera contain an insulin-like growth factor-I-reversible inhibitor of proteoglycan and collagen synthesis in chick embryo chondrocytes and adult human skin fibroblasts.","volume":"276","author":"Oyamada","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R433","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R11","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.116R011","article-title":"Growth hormone is mitogenic for fetal mouse osteoblasts but not for undifferentiated bone cells","volume":"116","author":"Slootweg","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R434","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(88)90570-0","article-title":"Growth hormone dependent stimulation of osteoblast-like cells in serum-free cultures via local synthesis of insulin-like growth factor I.","volume":"151","author":"Ernst","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-125-3-1575","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I regulates type I procollagen messenger ribonucleic acid steady state levels in bone of rats.","volume":"125","author":"Schmid","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R436","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650050713","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I regulates mRNA levels of osteonectin and pro-\u03b1-1(I)-collagen in clonal proosteoblastic calvarial cells.","volume":"5","author":"Thiebaud","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R437","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-122-1-254","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I has independent effects on bone matrix formation and cell replication.","volume":"122","author":"Hock","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R438","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-124-1-301","article-title":"Regulatory effects of insulin-like growth factor I and II on bone collagen synthesis in rat calvarial cultures.","volume":"124","author":"McCarthy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R439","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-127-2-807","article-title":"Increased activity of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) in osteoblastic cells in the presence of growth hormone (GH): positive correlation with the presence of the GH-induced IGF-binding protein BP-3.","volume":"127","author":"Ernst","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8338","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.21.8338","article-title":"Isolation of an inhibitory insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein from bone cell-conditioned medium: a potential local regulator of IGF action.","volume":"86","author":"Mohan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R441","first-page":"S41","article-title":"Acromegalic arthropathy and sleep apnea","volume":"155","author":"Barkan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R442","first-page":"99","article-title":"New bone formation in acromegaly: pathogenetic implications for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.","volume":"4","author":"Littlejohn","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R443","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0307-742X(21)00544-0","article-title":"Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.","volume":"11","author":"Utsinger","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R444","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.54.5.375","article-title":"Vertebral hyperostosis and diabetes mellitus: a case-control study.","volume":"54","author":"Daragon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01420508","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome and acromegaly.","volume":"83","author":"Baum","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R446","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.33.547","article-title":"Subclinical carpal tunnel syndrome in acromegaly.","volume":"33","author":"Kameyama","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R447","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-78-3-379","article-title":"Median neuropathy (carpal-tunnel syndrome) in acromegaly. A sign of endocrine overactivity.","volume":"78","author":"O\u2019Duffy","year":"1973","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R448","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-3-200008010-00011","article-title":"The pathology of median neuropathy in acromegaly.","volume":"133","author":"Jenkins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R449","first-page":"12","article-title":"The carpal tunnel syndrome long-term follow-up showing relaxation of latency measurements to response to treatment.","volume":"8","author":"Goodwill","year":"1965","journal-title":"Ann Phys Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R450","first-page":"502","article-title":"Electrodiagnosis after surgery for the carpal tunnel syndrome.","volume":"49","author":"Melvin","year":"1968","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.4.4.271","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome in acromegaly.","volume":"4","author":"Schiller","year":"1954","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R452","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-31-2-140","article-title":"Schwann cell dysfunction in acromegaly.","volume":"31","author":"Dinn","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R453","first-page":"274","article-title":"The carpal tunnel syndrome and acromegaly.","volume":"59","author":"Gondring","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Okla State Med Assoc"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R454","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5186.1616","article-title":"Acroparaesthesia and acromegaly.","volume":"1","author":"Johnston","year":"1960","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.50.7.886","article-title":"Generalized peripheral nerve dysfunction in acromegaly: a study by conventional and novel neurophysiological techniques.","volume":"50","author":"Jamal","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R456","first-page":"168","article-title":"The parathyroid glands and metabolic bone disease: selected studies.","author":"Albright","year":"1948"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R457","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-34-6-911","article-title":"The nature of the metabolic bone disorder in acromegaly.","volume":"34","author":"Riggs","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R458","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-43-5-992","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone in osteoporosis.","volume":"43","author":"Aloia","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R459","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110570","article-title":"Differential effects of endocrine dysfunction on the axial and appendicular skeleton.","volume":"62","author":"Seeman","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343859","article-title":"Bone mineral density in acromegaly: does growth hormone excess protect against osteoporosis?","volume":"24","author":"Chiodini","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-111-7-567","article-title":"Spinal and peripheral bone mineral density in acromegaly: the effects of excess growth hormone and hypogonadism.","volume":"111","author":"Diamond","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R462","first-page":"1608","article-title":"Bone mineral density of the axial skeleton in acromegaly.","volume":"33","author":"Ho","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R463","first-page":"1452","article-title":"Biochemical assessment of bone formation and resorption in acromegaly.","volume":"76","author":"Ezzat","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R464","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080410","article-title":"Bone mineral density and parameters of bone metabolism in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"8","author":"Kotzmann","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01622293","article-title":"Osteopenia occurs in a minority of patients with acromegaly and is predominant in the spine.","volume":"7","author":"Kayath","year":"1997","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R466","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.10.1729","article-title":"Skeletal involvement in female acromegalic subjects: the effects of growth hormone excess in amenorrheal and menstruating patients.","volume":"12","author":"Scillitani","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R467","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03350799","article-title":"Bone mineral density and circulating cytokines in patients with acromegaly.","volume":"21","author":"Longobardi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R468","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00349.x","article-title":"Gonadal status is an important determinant of bone density in acromegaly.","volume":"48","author":"Lesse","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R469","first-page":"634","article-title":"Acromegalic arthropathy: a reversible rheumatic disease.","volume":"13","author":"Lacks","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-1-35","article-title":"NIH Conference. Somatostatin and somatostatin analog (SMS 201\u2013995) in treatment of hormone secreting tumors of the pituitary and gastrointestinal tract and non-neoplastic disease of the gut.","volume":"110","author":"Gorden","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00851.x","article-title":"Ultrasonographic evidence of joint thickening reversibility in acromegalic patients treated with lanreotide for 12 months.","volume":"51","author":"Colao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R472","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1480031","article-title":"Twelve months of treatment with octreotide-LAR reduces joint thickness in acromegaly.","volume":"148","author":"Colao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071612033874800_R473","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S57","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.47.SupplMarch_S57","article-title":"Incidence of malignant tumors in patients with acromegaly","volume":"47","author":"Higuchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr J"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/25\/1\/102\/8862012\/edrv0102.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article-pdf\/25\/1\/102\/8862012\/edrv0102.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]],"date-time":"2024-01-12T07:23:57Z","timestamp":1705044237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/edrv\/article\/25\/1\/102\/2355270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]]},"references-count":473,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2002-0022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-769X","1945-7189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-769X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7189","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]]}}}