{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:46:23Z","timestamp":1791348383622,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Stem cells have been identified in organs with both low and high cell turnover rates. They are characterized by the expression of key marker genes for undifferentiated cells, the ability to self-renew, and the ability to regenerate tissue after cell loss. Several recent reports present evidence for the presence of pituitary stem cells. Here we offer a critical review of the field and suggest additional studies that could resolve points of debate. Recent reports have relied on different markers, including SOX2, nestin, GFRa2, and SCA1, to identify pituitary stem cells and progenitors. Future studies will be needed to resolve the relationships between cells expressing these markers. Members of the Sox family of transcription factors are likely involved in the earliest steps of pituitary stem cell proliferation and the earliest transitions to differentiation. The transcription factor PROP1 and the NOTCH signaling pathway may regulate the transition to differentiation. Identification of the stem cell niche is an important step in understanding organ development. The niche may be the marginal zone around the lumen of Rathke's pouch, between the anterior and intermediate lobes of mouse pituitary, because cells in this region apparently give birth to all six pituitary hormone cell lineages. Stem cells have been shown to play a role in recurrent malignancies in some tissues, and their role in pituitary hyperplasia, pituitary adenomas, and tumors is an important area for future investigation. From a therapeutic viewpoint, the ability to cultivate and grow stem cells in a pituitary predifferentiation state might also be helpful for the long-term treatment of pituitary deficiencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2010-0011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,5]],"date-time":"2011-08-05T17:28:35Z","timestamp":1312565315000},"page":"453-471","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Pituitary Stem Cell Update and Potential Implications for Treating Hypopituitarism"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Frederic","family":"Castinetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School (F.C., S.W.D., S.A.C.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 41809;"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche en neurobiologie et neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M) (F.C., T.B.), Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 6231, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Nord, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universit\u00e9 de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e and Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des d\u00e9ficits hypophysaires, H\u00f4pital de la Timone, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon W.","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School (F.C., S.W.D., S.A.C.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 41809;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Brue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School (F.C., S.W.D., S.A.C.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 41809;"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche en neurobiologie et neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M) (F.C., T.B.), Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 6231, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine Nord, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universit\u00e9 de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e and Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des d\u00e9ficits hypophysaires, H\u00f4pital de la Timone, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally A.","family":"Camper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School (F.C., S.W.D., S.A.C.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 41809;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020071611581973500_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.02.008","article-title":"Differentiation of embryonic stem cells to clinically relevant populations: lessons from embryonic development","volume":"132","author":"Murry","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2020071611581973500_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj1954.16.531","article-title":"Differentiation of isolated chromophobes into acidophils or basophils when transplanted into the hypophysiotrophic area of 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