{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T22:40:29Z","timestamp":1775083229416,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin D requirements are thought to vary with age, but there is little comparative evidence for this. One goal in establishing a vitamin D requirement is to avoid secondary hyperparathyroidism. We studied 1741 euthyroid, thyroid clinic outpatients without evidence of calcium abnormalities, ranging in age from 19 to 97 yr, whose serum and urine had been analyzed for calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid status. We found no effect of age on the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration associated with specific vitamin D intakes, and there was no relationship between 25(OH)D and 1,25hydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. In every age group, serum 1,25(OH)2D declined with increasing creatinine (P &amp;lt; 0.001). What changed with age included creatinine, which correlated with 25(OH)D (r = 0.146, P &amp;lt; 0.001) only in the youngest age group (19\u201350 yr) but not in the older age groups (P &amp;gt; 0.1). Creatinine did not correlate with PTH in the youngest age group, but the relationship became significant as age increased (e.g. for the elderly, r = 0.365, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Linear regression of log PTH vs. log 25(OH)D agreed with the natural shape of the relationship observed with scatterplot smoothing, and this showed no plateau in PTH as 25(OH)D increased. We compared PTH concentrations among age groups, based on 20 nmol\/liter increments in 25(OH)D. Mean PTH in adults older than 70 yr was consistently higher than in adults younger than 50 yr (P &amp;lt; 0.05 by ANOVA and Dunnett\u2019s t test). PTH levels of the elderly who had 25(OH)D concentrations greater than 100 nmol\/liter matched PTH of younger adults having 25(OH)D concentrations near 70 nmol\/liter. This study shows that all age groups exhibit a high prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Older adults are just as efficient in maintaining 25(OH)D, but they need more vitamin D to produce the higher 25(OH)D concentrations required to overcome the hyperparathyroidism associated with their diminishing renal function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,8]],"date-time":"2003-01-08T17:42:41Z","timestamp":1042047761000},"page":"185-191","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":336,"title":["Age-Related Changes in the 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Versus Parathyroid Hormone Relationship Suggest a Different Reason Why Older Adults Require More Vitamin D"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Reinhold","family":"Vieth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (R.V.), Toronto M5G 1X5, Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (R.V.), Toronto M5G 1X5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasmin","family":"Ladak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (R.V.), Toronto M5G 1X5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul G.","family":"Walfish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Pediatrics, and Otolaryngology, (P.G.W.), University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X5, Canada"},{"name":"Medicine and Endocrine Oncology Program (P.G.W.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto M5G 1X5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071618585831700_R1","volume-title":"Dietary reference intakes: calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride","year":"1997"},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"2020071618585831700_R2","first-page":"S5","article-title":"Process and development of dietary reference intakes: basis, need, and application of recommended dietary allowances","volume":"56","author":"Yates","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212033272305","article-title":"Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women.","volume":"327","author":"Chapuy","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709043371003","article-title":"Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older.","volume":"337","author":"Dawson-Hughes","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-14831","article-title":"Vitamin D status, trunk muscle strength, body sway, falls, and fractures among 237 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.","volume":"109","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.3.475","article-title":"Calciotropic hormones and bone markers in the elderly.","volume":"13","author":"Gallagher","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78933-9","article-title":"Redefining vitamin D insufficiency.","volume":"351","author":"Malabanan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R8","first-page":"3086","article-title":"Vitamin D status and redefining serum parathyroid hormone reference range in the elderly.","volume":"86","author":"Souberbielle","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050030","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in an adult normal population.","volume":"7","author":"Chapuy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R10","first-page":"152","article-title":"Vitamin D insufficiency: reappraisal of its definition threshold and bone consequences","author":"Meunier","year":"2001","journal-title":"In: Burckhardt P, Dawson-Hughes B, Heaney R, eds. Nutritional aspects of osteoporosis. San Diego: Academic Press;"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601275","article-title":"Wintertime vitamin D insufficiency is common in young Canadian women, and their vitamin D intake does not prevent it.","volume":"55","author":"Vieth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E53","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.4.e53","article-title":"Hypovitaminosis D in healthy schoolchildren","volume":"107","author":"Fuleihan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601145","article-title":"Difficulties with vitamin D nutrition research: objective targets of adequacy, and assays for 25-hydroxyvitamin D.","volume":"55","author":"Vieth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2020071618585831700_R14","first-page":"710","article-title":"The assay of circulating 1, 25(OH)2D using non-end-capped C18 silica: performance and validation","author":"Hollis","year":"1988","journal-title":"In: Norman AW, Schaefer K, Grigoleit H-G, von Herrath D, eds. 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