{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T21:37:08Z","timestamp":1791149828142,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Daily sc injections of N-terminal analogs of PTH increase bone mass and decrease fractures in osteoporotic women. We investigated the efficacy and safety of human PTH-(1\u201384) (full-length PTH) in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The women (n = 50\u201353\/group) self-administered PTH (50, 75, or 100 \u03bcg) or placebo by daily sc injection for 12 months. PTH treatment induced time- and dose-related increases in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD). The 100-\u03bcg dose increased BMD significantly at 3 months (+2.0%) and 12 months (+7.8%). BMD underestimated the anabolic effect of PTH in lumbar spine (bone mineral content, +10.0%) because bone area increased significantly (+2.0%). A nonsignificant decrease (\u22120.9%) in total hip BMD occurred during the first 6 months with the 100-\u03bcg dose, but this trend reversed (+1.6%) during the second 6 months. Bone turnover markers increased during the first half of the study and were maintained at elevated levels during the second 6 months. Protocol compliance was excellent (95\u201398%), and treatment was generally safe and well tolerated. Dose-related incidences of transient hypercalcemia occurred, but only one patient (100-\u03bcg group) was withdrawn because of repeated hypercalcemia. Thus, full-length PTH was efficacious and safe over 12 months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,6]],"date-time":"2003-11-06T08:11:05Z","timestamp":1068106265000},"page":"5212-5220","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":174,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Human Parathyroid Hormone-(1\u201384) in Increasing Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Anthony B.","family":"Hodsman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario (A.B.H.), London, Ontario, Canada N6A 4V2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Hanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (D.A.H.), Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark P.","family":"Ettinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Osteoporosis Center of South Florida and Radiant Research (M.P.E.), Stuart, Florida 34996"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Bolognese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bethesda Health Research (M.A.B.), Bethesda, Maryland 20817"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NPS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (J.F., A.J.M.), Salt Lake City, Utah 84108"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna J.","family":"Metcalfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NPS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (J.F., A.J.M.), Salt Lake City, Utah 84108"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Bone Center, Helen Hayes Hospital (R.L.), West Haverstraw, New York 10993"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071615011069600_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07088-2","article-title":"Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures.","volume":"348","author":"Black","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.24.2077","article-title":"Effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with low bone density but without vertebral fractures.","volume":"280","author":"Cummings","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.14.1344","article-title":"Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis.","volume":"282","author":"Harris","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050010","article-title":"Randomized trial of the effects of risedronate on vertebral fractures in women with established postmenopausal osteoporosis.","volume":"11","author":"Reginster","year":"2000","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.7.637","article-title":"Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene. Results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial.","volume":"282","author":"Ettinger","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00490-3","article-title":"A randomized trial of nasal spray salmon calcitonin in postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis: the prevent recurrence of osteoporotic fractures study. PROOF Study Group.","volume":"109","author":"Chesnut CH","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.1.11","article-title":"Bone turnover matters: the raloxifene treatment paradox of dramatic decreases in vertebral fractures without commensurate increases in bone density.","volume":"17","author":"Riggs","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198202253060802","article-title":"Effects of the fluoride\/calcium regimen on vertebral fracture occurrence in postmenopausal osteoporosis.","volume":"306","author":"Riggs","year":"1982","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(94)90815-X","article-title":"Marked decrease in trabecular bone quality after five years of sodium fluoride therapy: assessed by biomechanical testing of iliac crest bone biopsies in osteoporotic patients.","volume":"15","author":"S\u00f8gaard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199003223221203","article-title":"Effect of fluoride treatment on the fracture rate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.","volume":"322","author":"Riggs","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-123-6-199509150-00001","article-title":"Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with slow-release sodium fluoride: final report of a randomized control group.","volume":"123","author":"Pak","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-129-1-421","article-title":"The anabolic effects of human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) on rat vertebral body mass are also reflected in the quality of bone, assessed by biomechanical testing: a comparison study between hPTH-(1\u201334) and hPTH-(1\u201384).","volume":"129","author":"Mosekilde","year":"1991","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.132.4.8462456","article-title":"The effect of recombinant human (1\u201384) or synthetic human (1\u201334) parathyroid hormone on the skeleton of adult osteopenic ovariectomized rats.","volume":"132","author":"Kimmel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01621907","article-title":"Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with daily parathyroid hormone plus calcitriol.","volume":"3","author":"Neer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)02342-8","article-title":"Randomised controlled study of effect of parathyroid hormone on vertebral-bone mass and fracture incidence among postmenopausal women on oestrogen with osteoporosis.","volume":"350","author":"Lindsay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.12.1067","article-title":"Prevention of estrogen deficiency related bone loss with human parathyroid hormone (1\u201334): randomized controlled trial.","volume":"280","author":"Finkelstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R17","first-page":"620","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of cyclical parathyroid hormone versus cyclical parathyroid hormone and sequential calcitonin to improve bone mass in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.","volume":"82","author":"Hodsman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI3914","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone treatment can reverse corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.","volume":"102","author":"Lane","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105103441904","article-title":"Effect of parathyroid hormone (1\u201334) on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.","volume":"344","author":"Neer","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1470123","article-title":"Origin of parathyroid hormone (PTH) fragments detected by intact-PTH assays.","volume":"147","author":"Nguyen-Yamamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R21","first-page":"E886","article-title":"Peripheral metabolism of PTH: fate of the biologically active amino terminus in vivo","volume":"255","author":"Bringhurst","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.3.384","article-title":"An intact N terminus is required for the anabolic action of parathyroid hormone on adult female rats.","volume":"12","author":"Armamento-Villareal","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-117-4-1632","article-title":"Binding of intact parathyroid hormone to rat osteosarcoma cells: major contribution of binding sites for the carboxyl-terminal region of the hormone.","volume":"117","author":"Rao","year":"1985","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.2.7955","article-title":"Receptors for the carboxyl-terminal region of PTH (1\u201384) are highly expressed in osteocytic cells.","volume":"142","author":"Divieti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.1.8575","article-title":"Human PTH (7\u201384) inhibits bone resorption in vitro via actions independent of the type 1 PTH\/PTHrP receptor.","volume":"143","author":"Divieti,","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.4.8093","article-title":"Synthetic carboxyl-terminal fragments of parathyroid hormone (PTH) decrease ionized calcium concentration in rats by acting on a receptor different from the PTH\/PTH-related peptide receptor.","volume":"142","author":"Nguyen-Yamamoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6610","article-title":"Increased bone formation by prevention of osteoblast apoptosis with parathyroid hormone.","volume":"104","author":"Jilka","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4528","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020334","article-title":"A randomized double-blind trial to compare the efficacy of teriparatide [recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1\u201334)] with alendronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.","volume":"87","author":"Body","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.1.18","article-title":"The skeletal response to teriparatide is largely independent of age, initial bone mineral density, and prevalent vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.","volume":"18","author":"Marcus","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.10.1741","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone and periosteal bone expansion.","volume":"17","author":"Parfitt","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650101124","article-title":"Comparison of rates of bone loss using two manufacturers\u2019 densitometers.","volume":"10","author":"Peel","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R32"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.3.539","article-title":"Effects of teriparatide [recombinant parathyroid hormone(1\u201334)] on cortical bone in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.","volume":"18","author":"Zanchetta","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-002-1312-0","article-title":"Daily treatment with parathyroid hormone is associated with an increase in vertebral cross-sectional area in postmenopausal women with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.","volume":"14","author":"Rehman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980200000","article-title":"Biomechanics of bone: determinants of skeletal fragility and bone quality.","volume":"13","author":"Turner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R36"},{"key":"2020071615011069600_R37","first-page":"2129","article-title":"Enhancement of bone mass in osteoporotic women with parathyroid hormone followed by alendronate.","volume":"85","author":"Rittmaster","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/88\/11\/5212\/9060642\/jcem5212.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/88\/11\/5212\/9060642\/jcem5212.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T22:32:19Z","timestamp":1594938739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/88\/11\/5212\/2656436"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2003-030768","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]]}}}