{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:06:45Z","timestamp":1792660005382,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Anti-Mu\u0308llerian hormone (AMH) concentrations correlate with the number of antral follicles as well as age and constitute an endocrine marker for ovarian aging. In normogonadotropic anovulatory infertile women [World Health Organization (WHO) class 2], the number of early antral follicles is usually increased. To investigate whether AMH concentrations are increased, serum levels in 128 WHO 2 women were compared with those in 41 normoovulatory premenopausal women of similar age.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Serum AMH concentrations are significantly (P &amp;lt; 0.001) elevated in WHO 2 patients [median, 7.6 \u03bcg\/liter (range, 0.1\u201340.0)], compared with controls [median, 2.1 \u03bcg\/liter (0.1\u20137.4)]. In 106 patients presenting with polycystic ovaries (PCOs) (\u226512 follicles\/ovary measuring 2\u20139 mm and\/or an ovarian volume &amp;gt; 10 ml), AMH levels were elevated [9.3 \u03bcg\/liter (1.8\u201340.0)], compared with 22 patients without PCOs [6.4 \u03bcg\/liter (0.1\u201322.1)] (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). In WHO 2 patients, AMH concentrations correlated with features characteristic for polycystic ovary syndrome such as LH concentrations (r = 0.331; P = 0.0001), testosterone levels (r = 0.477, P = 0.0001), mean ovarian volume (r = 0.421; P = 0.0001), and the number of ovarian follicles (r = 0.308; P = 0.0001). AMH levels correlated well with age in WHO 2 patients (r = \u22120.248; P = 0.002) as well as in controls (r = \u22120.465; P = 0.005). However, the relative decline in AMH with age is less pronounced in WHO 2 patients. In a subset of patients no significant correlation was found between AMH serum concentrations and the FSH response dose, the duration of stimulation, and the total number of ampoules of FSH used.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In conclusion, serum AMH concentrations are elevated in WHO 2 women, especially in those patients exhibiting PCOs. Because AMH concentrations correlated well with other clinical, endocrine, and ultrasound markers associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, AMH may be used as a marker for the extent of the disease. A less pronounced AMH decrease over time in these women may suggest retarded ovarian aging. The latter hypothesis, however, should be confirmed by longitudinal studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,10]],"date-time":"2004-01-10T01:32:57Z","timestamp":1073698377000},"page":"318-323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":408,"title":["Anti-Mu\u0308llerian Hormone Serum Concentrations in Normoovulatory and Anovulatory Women of Reproductive Age"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Joop S. 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