{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:11:18Z","timestamp":1787317878682,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]]},"abstract":"Context: Hyperhomocysteinemia as well as alterations of glycemic and lipidic metabolism are recognized as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.<\/jats:p>\n Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of l-folic acid supplementation on homocysteine (Hcy) and related thiols, such as cysteine (Cys) and Cys-glycine (Cys-Glyc) pathways and their relationship to glucose, insulin, and lipidic metabolism in normoinsulinemic postmenopausal women.<\/jats:p>\n Design: This study was a randomized placebo, not double-blind, trial.<\/jats:p>\n Setting: The study was performed in an academic research center.<\/jats:p>\n Patients or Other Participants: Twenty healthy postmenopausal women were selected. No patient was taking drugs known to affect lipid or glucose metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n Intervention(s): Patients underwent two hospitalizations before and after 8 wk of l-acid folic (7.5 mg\/d) or placebo administration. The glycemic metabolism was studied by an oral glucose tolerance test and a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Hcy metabolism was studied by a standardized oral methionine-loading test.<\/jats:p>\n Main Outcome Measure(s): Hcy, Cys, and Cys-Glyc, basally and after a methionine loading test, were measured. Basal insulin, glucose, and peptide C levels as well as area under the curve for insulin, area under the curve for peptide, hepatic insulin extraction, and metabolic index were assayed. The total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and the cholesterol\/HDL and LDL\/HDL ratios were also measured.<\/jats:p>\n Results: The total basal Hcy concentration and the plasma postmethionine loading Hcy values were significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.01) in l-folic acid-treated patients, whereas postmethionine loading Cys-Glyc levels were markedly increased (P &lt; 0.02). Furthermore, l-folic acid intake induced a significant improvement in carbohydrate metabolism through an increase in fractional hepatic insulin extraction (P &lt; 0.05) and peripheral insulin sensitivity (P &lt; 0.02) in normoinsulinemic women. HDL levels considerably increased, inducing an improvement in other atherosclerotic indexes, such as cholesterol\/HDL and LDL\/HDL ratios (P &lt; 0.03).<\/jats:p>\n Conclusions: These results show that folic acid supplementation lowers plasma Hcy levels and improves insulin and lipid metabolism, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,8]],"date-time":"2005-08-08T17:37:43Z","timestamp":1123522663000},"page":"4622-4629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["l-Folic Acid Supplementation in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Effect on Homocysteine and Glycolipid Metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Paola","family":"Villa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (P.V., C.P., R.S., F.C., A.L.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concetta","family":"Perri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (P.V., C.P., R.S., F.C., A.L.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Suriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (P.V., C.P., R.S., F.C., A.L.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Cucinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (P.V., C.P., R.S., F.C., A.L.), 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Panunzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center, Institute for System Analysis and Informatics Biomatlab (S.P.), 00168 Rome, 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