{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T07:50:30Z","timestamp":1771573830452,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Context: Autoimmune thyroid diseases have been reported to be associated with human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection. HTLV-I proviral load is related to the development of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis and has also been shown to be elevated in the peripheral blood of HTLV-I-infected patients with uveitis, arthritis, and connective tissue disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the proviral load in HTLV-I-infected patients with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis (HT) or Graves\u2019 disease (GD) and ascertain the ability of HTLV-I to infect thyroid cells.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Patients and Methods: A quantitative real-time PCR assay was developed to measure the proviral load of HTLV-I in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 26 HTLV-I-infected patients with HT, eight HTLV-I-infected patients with GD, or 38 asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers. Rat FRTL-5 thyroid cells were cocultured with HTLV-I-infected T cell line MT-2 or uninfected T cell line CCRF-CEM. After coculture with T cell lines, changes in Tax and cytokine mRNA expression were studied by RT-PCR.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: HTLV-I proviral load was significantly higher in the peripheral blood of patients with HT and GD than asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers. In the peripheral blood from HTLV-I-infected patients with HT, HTLV-I proviral load did not correlate with the thyroid peroxidase antibody or thyroglobulin antibody titer. After coculture with MT-2 cells, FRTL-5 cells expressed HTLV-I-specific Tax mRNA. These cocultured FRTL-5 cells with MT-2 cells expressed IL-6 mRNA and proliferated more actively than those cocultured with CCRF-CEM cells.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusion: Our findings suggest the role of the retrovirus in the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases in HTLV-I-infected patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,5]],"date-time":"2005-10-05T22:02:56Z","timestamp":1128549776000},"page":"5704-5710","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type I-Infected Patients with Hashimoto\u2019s Thyroiditis and Graves\u2019 Disease"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Takehiro","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Virology and Oncology (T.M., M.T., J.-N.U., T.Ok., N.M.), Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Virology and Oncology (T.M., M.T., J.-N.U., T.Ok., N.M.), Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun-Nosuke","family":"Uchihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Virology and Oncology (T.M., M.T., J.-N.U., T.Ok., N.M.), Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taeko","family":"Okudaira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Virology and Oncology (T.M., M.T., J.-N.U., T.Ok., N.M.), Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuiku","family":"Ohshiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (K.O.), Naha Prefectural Hospital, Naha 902-8531, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeaki","family":"Tomoyose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.T., T.I., M.M., N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Ikema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.T., T.I., M.M., N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Masuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.T., T.I., M.M., N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mineki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Geriatrics (M.S., M.O.), Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Osame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Geriatrics (M.S., M.O.), Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Takasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (T.T., T.I., M.M., N.T.), Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Ohta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Medicine, Division of Child Health and Welfare (T.Oh.), Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Virology and Oncology (T.M., M.T., J.-N.U., T.Ok., N.M.), Okinawa 903-0215, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071616070602700_R1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Epidemiology of HTLV-I and associated diseases","author":"Gessain","year":"1996","journal-title":"In: Hollsberg P, Hafler DA, eds. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I. Chichester, UK: John Wiley, Sons;"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6476","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.10.6476","article-title":"Adult T-cell leukemia: antigen in an ATL cell line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera.","volume":"78","author":"Hinuma","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91298-5","article-title":"HTLV-I associated myelopathy, a new clinical entity.","volume":"1","author":"Osame","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92734-5","article-title":"Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.","volume":"2","author":"Gessain","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90699-4","article-title":"HTLV-I and uveitis.","volume":"339","author":"Mochizuki","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90038-X","article-title":"Chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with HTLV-I.","volume":"1","author":"Nishioka","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91362-6","article-title":"T-lymphocyte alveolitis in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.","volume":"2","author":"Sugimoto","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)92744-4","article-title":"T-lymphocyte alveolitis, tropical spastic paresis, and Sjo\u0308gren syndrome.","volume":"1","author":"Vernant","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1887217","article-title":"Induction of inflammatory arthropathy resembling rheumatoid arthritis in mice transgenic for HTLV-I.","volume":"253","author":"Iwakura","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1038\/341072a0","article-title":"Exocrinopathy resembling Sjo\u0308gren\u2019s syndrome in HTLV-1 tax transgenic mice.","volume":"341","author":"Green","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.31.1213","article-title":"Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis in HTLV-I carriers.","volume":"31","author":"Kawai","year":"1992","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890380212","article-title":"HTLV-I infection in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis).","volume":"38","author":"Kawai","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.78.3.163","article-title":"Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 uveitis after Graves\u2019 disease.","volume":"78","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R14","first-page":"1904","article-title":"Human T-lymphotropic virus type I-associated uveitis in patients with Graves\u2019 disease treated with methylmercaptoimidazole.","volume":"80","author":"Mizokami","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1994.4.415","article-title":"A high prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type I carriers in patients with antithyroid antibodies.","volume":"4","author":"Mizokami","year":"1994","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00217523","article-title":"High frequencies of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection and presence of HTLV-II proviral DNA in blood donors with anti-thyroid antibodies.","volume":"74","author":"Mine","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R17","first-page":"461","volume":"45","author":"Akamine","year":"1996"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00196580","article-title":"Evidence of HTLV-I in thyroid tissue in an HTLV-I carrier with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis.","volume":"74","author":"Kawai","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5710(97)00595-1","article-title":"An HTLV-I carrier with Graves\u2019 disease followed by uveitis: isolation of HTLV-I from thyroid tissue.","volume":"66","author":"Kubonishi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3177","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.19334-0","article-title":"The immune control and cell-to-cell spread of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1.","volume":"84","author":"Bangham","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289809114225","article-title":"Analysis of HTLV-I proviral load in 202 HAM\/TSP patients and 243 asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers: high proviral load strongly predisposes to HAM\/TSP.","volume":"4","author":"Nagai","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152403272","article-title":"HTLV-I proviral load correlates with progression of motor disability in HAM\/TSP: analysis of 239 HAM\/TSP patients including 64 patients followed up for 10 years.","volume":"7","author":"Matsuzaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1991.tb08051.x","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and classification of clinical subtypes of adult T-cell leukaemia-lymphoma. A report from the Lymphoma Study Group (1984\u201387).","volume":"79","author":"Shimoyama","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R24","first-page":"191","article-title":"Review of WHO Kagoshima meeting and diagnostic guidelines for HAM\/TSP","author":"Osame","year":"1990","journal-title":"In: Blattner WA, ed. Human retrovirology: HTLV. New York: Raven Press;"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1038\/294770a0","article-title":"Type C virus particles in a cord T-cell line derived by co-cultivating normal human cord leukocytes and human leukaemic T cells.","volume":"294","author":"Miyoshi","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2862","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.8.2862.420k24_2862_2870","article-title":"Expression of human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in T-cell lines infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type-I and primary adult T-cell leukemia cells.","volume":"94","author":"Mori","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6948","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203220","article-title":"Persistent activation of NF-\u03baB by the tax transforming protein of HTLV-1: hijacking cellular I\u03baB kinases.","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116789","article-title":"Infection of human synovial cells by human T cell lymphotropic virus type I. Proliferation and granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by synovial cells.","volume":"92","author":"Sakai","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.55.9.632","article-title":"Cytokine production by endothelial cells infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I.","volume":"55","author":"Takashima","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(79)90275-7","article-title":"Isolation of foamy virus from patients with De Qurvain thyroiditis.","volume":"2","author":"Werner","year":"1979","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92382-9","article-title":"Retrovirus-like sequences in Graves\u2019 disease: implications for human autoimmunity.","volume":"1","author":"Ciampolillo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10070","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.21.10070","article-title":"Human spumaretrovirus-related sequences in the DNA of leukocytes from patients with Graves disease.","volume":"89","author":"Lagaye","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000236350","article-title":"Human foamy virus antigens in thyroid tissue of Graves\u2019 disease patients.","volume":"99","author":"Wick","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-351X(95)80819-1","article-title":"Infections and autoimmune endocrine disease.","volume":"9","author":"Tomer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93335-7","article-title":"Absence of retroviral sequences in Graves\u2019 disease.","volume":"337","author":"Humphrey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1991.1.307","article-title":"Lack of evidence for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related sequences in patients with Graves\u2019 disease.","volume":"1","author":"Tominaga","year":"1991","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939509001938","article-title":"Evidence for a retroviral trigger in Graves\u2019 disease.","volume":"20","author":"Jaspan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R38","first-page":"2271","article-title":"The interaction of a retroviral particle and class II human leukocyte antigen susceptibility genes in the pathogenesis of Graves\u2019 disease.","volume":"81","author":"Jaspan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.79.3.270","article-title":"Increased number of circulating HTLV-I infected cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HTLV-1 uveitis patients: a quantitative polymerase chain reaction study.","volume":"79","author":"Ono","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-2-4","article-title":"Increased proviral load in HTLV-1-infected patients with rheumatoid arthritis or connective tissue disease.","volume":"2","author":"Yakova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2020071616070602700_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S92","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199600001-00016","article-title":"Clonal expansion of infected cells: a way of life for HTLV-I","volume":"13","author":"Wattel","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol."},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3177","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.10.3177","article-title":"Impaired production of naive T lymphocytes in human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected individuals: its implications in the immunodeficient state.","volume":"97","author":"Yasunaga","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280260422668","article-title":"Pathological mechanisms of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy (HAM\/TSP).","volume":"8","author":"Osame","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-46-6-859","article-title":"Association of serum antithyroid antibodies with lymphocytic infiltration of thyroid gland: studies of seventy autopsied cases.","volume":"46","author":"Yoshida","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R45","first-page":"939","article-title":"Correlation of microsomal antibodies with the intensity of the intrathyroidal autoimmune process in Graves\u2019 disease.","volume":"77","author":"Paschke","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2904","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.9.2904.2904","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of the human interleukin-6 gene promoter in human T-cell leukemia virus type I-infected T-cell lines: evidence for the involvement of NF-\u03baB.","volume":"84","author":"Mori","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R47","first-page":"2049","article-title":"Human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax transactivates the interleukin-6 gene in human rheumatoid synovial cells.","volume":"22","author":"Mori","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1240060","article-title":"Effects of interleukin 1 on growth and adenosine 3\u2032,5\u2032-monophosphate generation of the rat thyroid cell line, FRTL-5 cells.","volume":"124","author":"Zeki","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-69-1-100","article-title":"Association of HLA antigen and restriction fragment length polymorphism of T cell receptor \u03b2-chain gene with Graves\u2019 disease and Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis.","volume":"69","author":"Ito","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R50","first-page":"1580","article-title":"Linkage analysis of candidate genes in autoimmune thyroid disease: 1. Selected immunoregulatory genes.","volume":"83","author":"Barbesino","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071616070602700_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502760258640","article-title":"Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 gene polymorphisms and human T-cell lymphotrophic virus-1 infection: their associations with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis in Japanese patients.","volume":"12","author":"Tomoyose","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/90\/10\/5704\/10776721\/jcem5704.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/90\/10\/5704\/10776721\/jcem5704.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T03:08:02Z","timestamp":1594955282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/90\/10\/5704\/2839251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2005-0679","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]]}}}