{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:47:29Z","timestamp":1787021249667,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,31]],"date-time":"2006-05-31T05:00:19Z","timestamp":1149051619000},"page":"3017-3023","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Bone Mineral Density in the Complete Androgen Insensitivity and 5\u03b1-Reductase-2 Deficiency Syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Vivian","family":"Sobel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (V.S., Y.-S.Z., J.J.C., J.I.-M.), Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Shore University Hospital (B.S.), Manhasset, New York 11030"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-Shan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (V.S., Y.-S.Z., J.J.C., J.I.-M.), Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan J.","family":"Cordero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (V.S., Y.-S.Z., J.J.C., J.I.-M.), Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julianne","family":"Imperato-McGinley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (V.S., Y.-S.Z., J.J.C., J.I.-M.), Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0003","article-title":"Androgens and bone","volume":"25","author":"Vanderschueren","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320360121","article-title":"DNA linkage analysis and studies of the androgen receptor gene in a large kindred with complete androgen insensitivity","volume":"36","author":"Imperato-McGinley","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-54-5-931","article-title":"Hormonal evaluation of a large kindred with complete androgen insensitivity: evidence for secondary 5\u03b1-reductase deficiency","volume":"54","author":"Imperato-McGinley","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R4","first-page":"1590","article-title":"A novel mutation in the CAG triplet region of exon 1 of androgen receptor gene causes complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in a large kindred","volume":"84","author":"Zhu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R5","first-page":"1730","article-title":"5\u03b1-Reductase-2 gene mutations in the Dominican Republic","volume":"81","author":"Cai","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1126\/science.186.4170.1213","article-title":"Steroid 5\u03b1-reductase deficiency in man: an inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism","volume":"186","author":"Imperato-McGinley","year":"1974","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1991.tb03769.x","article-title":"A cluster of male pseudohermaphrodites with 5\u03b1-reductase deficiency in Papua New Guinea","volume":"34","author":"Imperato-McGinley","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90262-7","article-title":"Familial male pseudohermaphroditism due to 5-\u03b1-reductase deficiency in a Turkish village","volume":"81","author":"Akgun","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(79)90093-1","article-title":"Male pseudohermaphroditism secondary to 5\u03b1-reductase deficiency\u2014a model for the role of androgens in both the development of the male phenotype and the evolution of a male gender identity","volume":"11","author":"Imperato-McGinley","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199210223271706","article-title":"Brief report: the molecular basis of steroid 5\u03b1-reductase deficiency in a large Dominican kindred","volume":"327","author":"Thigpen","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-351X(98)80478-3","article-title":"Natural potent androgens: lessons from human genetic models","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R12","first-page":"560","article-title":"The identification of 5\u03b1-reductase-2 and 17\u03b2-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-3 gene defects in male pseudohermaphrodites from a Turkish kindred","volume":"83","author":"Can","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00171a029","article-title":"Natural mutagenesis study of the human steroid 5\u03b1-reductase 2 isozyme","volume":"33","author":"Wigley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(77)90313-8","article-title":"Male pseudohermaphroditism due to steroid 5-\u03b1-reductase deficiency","volume":"62","author":"Peterson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R15","first-page":"1118","article-title":"Body weight versus body fat distribution, adiposity, and frame size as predictors of bone density","volume":"80","author":"Glauber","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707103370204","article-title":"Effect of testosterone and estradiol in a man with aromatase deficiency","volume":"337","author":"Carani","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808273390905","article-title":"Increased bone mass as a result of estrogen therapy in a man with aromatase deficiency","volume":"339","author":"Bilezikian","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R18","first-page":"3689","article-title":"Aromatase deficiency in male and female siblings caused by a novel mutation and the physiological role of estrogens","volume":"80","author":"Morishima","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410203311604","article-title":"Estrogen resistance caused by a mutation in the estrogen-receptor gene in a man","volume":"331","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19981015)83:8<1561::AID-CNCR11>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"The effect of combined androgen blockade on bone turnover and bone mineral densities in men treated for prostate carcinoma: longitudinal evaluation and response to intermittent cyclic etidronate therapy","volume":"83","author":"Diamond","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s002239900137","article-title":"Body size accounts for most differences in bone density between Asian and Caucasian women. The EPIC (Early Postmenopausal Interventional Cohort) Study Group","volume":"59","author":"Ross","year":"1996","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650111023","article-title":"Differences in bone mineral in young Asian and Caucasian Americans may reflect differences in bone size","volume":"11","author":"Bhudhikanok","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-2000-7","article-title":"Determinants of bone mineral density in Chinese men","volume":"16","author":"Cheung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/42380498","article-title":"Differences in bone mineral density and geometry in men and women: the Newcastle Thousand Families Study at 50 years old","volume":"78","author":"Tuck","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2005.01568.x","article-title":"Bone mass in young adults: relationship with gender, weight and genetic factors","volume":"258","author":"Valero","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2816","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.10.2816","article-title":"Changes in bone mineral density after orchidectomy and hormone replacement therapy in individuals with androgen insensitivity syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Mizunuma","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb00533.x","article-title":"Osteopenia as a feature of the androgen insensitivity syndrome","volume":"43","author":"Soule","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1159\/000023296","article-title":"Altered bone mineral density in patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Bertelloni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.3.6428","article-title":"The contribution of testosterone to skeletal development and maintenance: lessons from the androgen insensitivity syndrome","volume":"85","author":"Marcus","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4576","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7960","article-title":"Clinical review 137: Sexual dimorphism in skeletal size, density, and strength","volume":"86","author":"Seeman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8606","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.19.8606","article-title":"A single base deletion in the Tfm androgen receptor gene creates a short-lived messenger RNA that directs internal translation initiation","volume":"88","author":"Gaspar","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040505","article-title":"Role of the androgen receptor in skeletal homeostasis: the androgen-resistant testicular feminized male mouse model","volume":"19","author":"Vandenput","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13498","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.212474399","article-title":"Generation and characterization of androgen receptor knockout (ARKO) mice: an in vivo model for the study of androgen functions in selective tissues","volume":"99","author":"Yeh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9416","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1533500100","article-title":"Suppressive function of androgen receptor in bone resorption","volume":"100","author":"Kawano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1992.tb02355.x","article-title":"Prolonged treatment with finasteride (a 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitor) does not affect bone density and metabolism","volume":"37","author":"Matzkin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031110","article-title":"Exogenous testosterone or testosterone with finasteride increases bone mineral density in older men with low serum testosterone","volume":"89","author":"Amory","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65095-1","article-title":"The long-term effect of specific type II 5\u03b1-reductase inhibition with finasteride on bone mineral density in men: results of a 4-year placebo controlled trial","volume":"167","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R38","first-page":"2942","article-title":"Effect of MK-386, a novel inhibitor of type 1 5\u03b1-reductase, alone and in combination with finasteride, on serum dihydrotestosterone concentrations in men","volume":"81","author":"Schwartz","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5401","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2001-011902","article-title":"Human osteoblast-like cells express predominantly steroid 5\u03b1-reductase type 1","volume":"87","author":"Issa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114161679000_R40","first-page":"916","article-title":"Luteinizing hormone pulsatility in subjects with 5-\u03b1-reductase deficiency and decreased dihydrotestosterone production","volume":"78","author":"Canovatchel","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/91\/8\/3017\/10442671\/jcem3017.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T23:29:25Z","timestamp":1555630165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/91\/8\/3017\/2656509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2005-2809","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]]}}}