{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:47:13Z","timestamp":1787021233652,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background: With the advent of microarray technology, increasing numbers of marker genes are proposed to distinguish benign and malignant thyroid lesions. However, most markers await confirmation through independent studies. In this paper, we re-evaluate the diagnostic potential of 10 proposed candidate genes in benign and malignant thyroid pathologies in a region with borderline iodine deficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was performed for CCND2, PLAB, PCSK2, HGD1, TFF3, B4GALT, LGALS3, ETS1, ADM3, and TG in 150 thyroid specimens, including 52 benign thyroid nodules (28 follicular adenoma and 24 adenomatous nodules), 52 corresponding normal thyroid tissues, 20 follicular carcinomas, 20 papillary carcinomas, and six undifferentiated carcinomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: On a single-gene basis, significant differences in mRNA expression were found for TFF3, PLAB, and ADM3 in benign thyroid nodules and thyroid malignancy. Using two-marker gene sets, we identified 11 combinations, which allowed both a distinction of benign and malignant thyroid nodules and a discrimination of follicular adenoma and carcinoma. However, for cancer prediction, analysis of a minimum of six genes per sample was necessary and allowed correct prediction of a benign thyroid lesion and thyroid cancer with 94% accuracy in the most discriminative set (TFF3\/PLAB\/TG\/ADM3\/HGD1\/LGALS3).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: We confirm the applicability of a number of recently proposed marker genes for the distinction of benign and malignant thyroid tumor and suggest that their diagnostic usefulness is independent of the iodide supply. We propose that the most discriminative marker set identified in our validation study together with marker combinations proposed by other investigators should now be evaluated in multicenter trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,15]],"date-time":"2008-01-15T22:34:43Z","timestamp":1200436483000},"page":"1390-1393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["<i>TFF3<\/i>\n                    -Based Candidate Gene Discrimination of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumors in a Region with Borderline Iodine Deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Krause","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (K.K., M.E., S.K., C.E., D.F.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Eszlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (K.K., M.E., S.K., C.E., D.F.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Gimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (O.G., H.D.), University of Halle, 06120 Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Karger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (K.K., M.E., S.K., C.E., D.F.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"Engelhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (K.K., M.E., S.K., C.E., D.F.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Dralle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery (O.G., H.D.), University of Halle, 06120 Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dagmar","family":"Fuhrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (K.K., M.E., S.K., C.E., D.F.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0357-4192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dagmar","family":"F\u00fchrer-Sakel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021081912013618300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4264","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1426","article-title":"Challenging dogma in thyroid cancer molecular genetics\u2014role of RET\/PTC and BRAF in tumor initiation.","volume":"89","author":"Fagin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2004-0005","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis of euthyroid and toxic multinodular goiter.","volume":"26","author":"Krohn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5175","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032221","article-title":"Analysis of BRAF point mutation and RET\/PTC rearrangement refines the fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.","volume":"89","author":"Salvatore","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2028","article-title":"Genetic classification of benign and malignant thyroid follicular neoplasia based on a three-gene combination.","volume":"90","author":"Weber","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1337","article-title":"Two-step differential expression analysis reveals a new set of genes involved in thyroid oncocytic tumors.","volume":"90","author":"Jacques","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1242","article-title":"Gene expression analysis reveals evidence for increased expression of cell cycle-associated genes and Gq-protein-protein kinase C signaling in cold thyroid nodules.","volume":"90","author":"Eszlinger","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI19617","article-title":"A preoperative diagnostic test that distinguishes benign from malignant thyroid carcinoma based on gene expression.","volume":"113","author":"Cerutti","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2004.07.004","article-title":"Decreased relative expression level of trefoil factor 3 mRNA to galectin-3 mRNA distinguishes thyroid follicular carcinoma from adenoma.","volume":"219","author":"Takano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000137128.64978.bc","article-title":"Discrimination of benign and malignant thyroid nodules by molecular profiling.","volume":"240","author":"Finley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04817-0","article-title":"Application of an immunodiagnostic method for improving preoperative diagnosis of nodular thyroid lesions.","volume":"357","author":"Bartolazzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01912","article-title":"Evaluation of insulin-like growth factor II, cyclooxygenase-2, ets-1 and thyroid-specific thyroglobulin mRNA expression in benign and malignant thyroid tumours.","volume":"152","author":"Fuhrer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082099299","article-title":"Diagnosis of multiple cancer types by shrunken centroids of gene expression.","volume":"99","author":"Tibshirani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601702","article-title":"High-throughput differential screening of mRNAs by serial analysis of gene expression: decreased expression of trefoil factor 3 mRNA in thyroid follicular carcinomas.","volume":"90","author":"Takano","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-871906","article-title":"[Recommendations and unanswered questions in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules. Opinion of the Thyroid Section of the German Society for Endocrinology].","volume":"130","author":"Paschke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"2021081912013618300_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp031436","article-title":"Clinical practice. The thyroid nodule.","volume":"351","author":"Hegedus","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/93\/4\/1390\/39806292\/jcem_93_4_1390.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/93\/4\/1390\/39806292\/jcem_93_4_1390.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T08:14:47Z","timestamp":1629360887000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/93\/4\/1390\/2826736"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2006-1255","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]}}}