{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:10:35Z","timestamp":1784005835611,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Context: The mechanisms behind onset of labor and prolongation of pregnancy are not fully understood, but steroid hormones are thought to contribute. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone has been shown to prolong pregnancy in humans. Male fetuses have been reported to have longer gestation than females.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate whether severity of 21-hydroxylase gene (CYP21) deficiency in fetuses with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) correlates with length of pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Design and Subjects: The gestational age (GA) of a cohort of CAH patients born between 1978 and 2004 was studied retrospectively. The GA was correlated to the severity of disease indicated by CYP21 genotype in 114 patients. The results were compared with respect to sex and the normal Swedish population data.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: In female fetuses with CAH, we found a correlation between GA and CYP21 genotype. Females with the most severe form of the disease, null mutation, had the longest GA and differed significantly from the normal population. No difference between the sexes was detected for fetuses with CAH as a group. There were no significant differences between CYP21 genotype groups for males.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: Female patients with severe CYP21 deficiency had longer GA than patients with the milder form of the disease, indicating that androgen excess, increased 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels, or cortisol deficiency or a combination of these factors is of importance for prolongation of pregnancy. The same correlation was not observed for male patients. The results of this study support the notion that steroid hormones affect the prolongation of pregnancy or onset of labor or both.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,6]],"date-time":"2007-01-06T03:08:24Z","timestamp":1168052904000},"page":"246-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Gestational Age Correlates to Genotype in Girls with CYP21 Deficiency"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Gidlo\u0308f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics (S.G., A.N.), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Wedell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (A.W.), Karolinska University Hospital Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Nordenstro\u0308m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics (S.G., A.N.), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071613283127700_R1","first-page":"514","article-title":"Endocrine and paracrine regulation of birth at term and preterm.","volume":"21","author":"Challis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1038\/229208a0","article-title":"Sharp increase in free circulating oestrogens immediately before parturition in sheep","volume":"229","author":"Challis","year":"1971","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(88)80029-2","article-title":"Evidence for a local change in the progesterone\/estrogen ratio in human parturition at term.","volume":"159","author":"Romero","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035140","article-title":"Prevention of recurrent preterm delivery by 17\u03b1-hydroxyprogesterone caproate.","volume":"348","author":"Meis","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.41","article-title":"Prophylactic administration of progesterone by vaginal suppository to reduce the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth in women at increased risk; a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study.","volume":"188","author":"Fonseca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05247-7","article-title":"Progesterone metabolite and spontaneous myometrial contractions in vitro.","volume":"353","author":"Thornton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.126645","article-title":"Male gender predisposes to prolongation of pregnancy.","volume":"187","author":"Divon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1315.009","article-title":"An update of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.","volume":"1038","author":"New","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198807073190104","article-title":"Molecular genetic analysis of nonclassic steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency associated with HLA-B14, DR1.","volume":"319","author":"Speiser","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R10","first-page":"1505","article-title":"Genotyping is a valuable diagnostic complement to neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency.","volume":"84","author":"Nordenstro\u0308m","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70640-4","article-title":"Gestational duration in the pregnancy after preterm twin delivery.","volume":"178","author":"Rydhstroem","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2020071613283127700_R12","first-page":"201","article-title":"Fetal biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length. 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