{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:01:21Z","timestamp":1790416881466,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Context and Objective: A low birth weight (LBW) tends to be followed by overweight due to an excess of fat, including visceral fat. LBW girls with precocious pubarche (PP) (pubic hair &amp;lt; 8 yr) are at high risk for developing an adipose state of hyperinsulinemic androgen excess that leads toward early menarche. We explored the effects of insulin sensitization with metformin in LBW-PP girls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Setting, Design, Patients, Intervention: Prepubertal LBW girls with PP (mean body weight 2.4 kg; age 7.9 yr; body mass index 18.4 kg\/m2) were studied. Girls were randomly assigned to remain untreated (n=19) or receive metformin for 4 yr (n = 19; 425 mg\/d for 2 yr, then 850 mg\/d for 2 yr).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Main Outcomes: At the start and after 4 yr, height, weight, fasting insulin, glucose, IGF-I, testosterone, lipids, leptin, high molecular weight adiponectin, body composition by absorptiometry, abdominal fat partitioning (only 4 yr) by magnetic resonance imaging, and menarcheal status were determined.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results: Metformin-treated girls gained on average 5.5 kg (or \u223c50%) less fat, after 4 yr were less insulin resistant and less hyperandrogenic, had lower IGF-I levels and a less atherogenic lipid profile, and were less likely to be post-menarcheal than untreated girls, whereas their gain in height, lean mass, and bone mineral density were similar. After 4 yr, untreated girls had more visceral fat, a higher ratio of visceral-to-sc fat, and a higher leptin-to-high molecular weight adiponectin ratio (all \u223c50% higher) than metformin-treated girls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusion: Long-term metformin treatment appears to reduce total and visceral fat in LBW-PP girls, and to delay menarche without attenuating linear growth, thereby opening the perspective that adult height may be increased.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]],"date-time":"2008-03-05T01:58:51Z","timestamp":1204682331000},"page":"1841-1845","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Metformin Treatment for Four Years to Reduce Total and Visceral Fat in Low Birth Weight Girls with Precocious Pubarche"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Iba\u0301n\u0303ez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Unit (L.I., M.D.), Hospital Sant Joan de De\u0301u, University of Barcelona, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abel","family":"Lo\u0301pez-Bermejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit (A.L.-B.), Dr. Trueta Hospital, 17007 Girona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Di\u0301az","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Unit (L.I., M.D.), Hospital Sant Joan de De\u0301u, University of Barcelona, 08950 Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Victoria","family":"Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Unit (M.V.M.), Hospital de Terrassa, 08227 Terrassa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"de Zegher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman & Child (F.d.Z.), University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071613350109000_R1","first-page":"967","article-title":"Association between postnatal catch-up growth and obesity in childhood: prospective cohort study.","volume":"320","author":"Ong","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ [Erratum (2000) 320:1244]"},{"key":"2020071613350109000_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2778","article-title":"Early development of adiposity and insulin resistance after catch-up weight gain in small-for-gestational-age children.","volume":"91","author":"Iba\u0301n\u0303ez","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613350109000_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1618","article-title":"Early development of visceral fat excess 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