{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:46:10Z","timestamp":1792712770121,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,3]],"date-time":"2016-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3015,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,13]],"date-time":"2008-06-13T22:44:51Z","timestamp":1213397091000},"page":"3266-3281","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1279,"title":["Case Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Patients with Primary Aldosteronism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"John W.","family":"Funder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince Henry\u2019s Institute of Medical Research (J.W.F.), Clayton VIC 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia Health System (R.M.C.), Charlottesville, Virginia 22908"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Fardella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Cato\u0301lica de Chile (C.F.), Santiago 1365, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celso E.","family":"Gomez-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center (C.E.G.-S.), Jackson, Mississippi 39216"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Mantero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova (F.M.), 35100 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stowasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland (M.S.), Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"William F.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic (W.F.Y., V.M.M.), Rochester, Minnesota 55902"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor M.","family":"Montori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic (W.F.Y., V.M.M.), Rochester, Minnesota 55902"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7454.1490","article-title":"Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"328","author":"Atkins","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1907","article-title":"A case for clarity, consistency, and helpfulness: state-of-the-art clinical practice guidelines in endocrinology using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation system.","volume":"93","author":"Swiglo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R3","first-page":"187","article-title":"The incidence rate of phaeochromocytoma and Conn\u2019s syndrome in Denmark, 1977\u20131981.","volume":"2","author":"Andersen","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6035.554","article-title":"Prevalence of primary and secondary hypertension: studies in a random population sample.","volume":"2","author":"Berglund","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1968.03140330039007","article-title":"Incidence of primary aldosteronism uncomplicated \u201cessential\u201d hypertension. A prospective study with elevated aldosterone secretion and suppressed plasma renin activity used as diagnostic criteria.","volume":"205","author":"Fishman","year":"1968","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-66-6-1079","article-title":"Hypokalemia in the hypertensive patient, with observations on the incidence of primary aldosteronism.","volume":"66","author":"Kaplan","year":"1967","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(79)90786-1","article-title":"Reliability of screening methods for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.","volume":"67","author":"Streeten","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R8","first-page":"549","article-title":"Frequency of surgical treatment for hypertension in adults at the Mayo Clinic from 1973 through 1975.","volume":"52","author":"Tucker","year":"1977","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1987.00370070103015","article-title":"Secondary hypertension in a blood pressure clinic.","volume":"147","author":"Sinclair","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R10","first-page":"1863","article-title":"Primary hyperaldosteronism in essential hypertensives: prevalence, biochemical profile, and molecular biology.","volume":"85","author":"Fardella","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02519.x","article-title":"High incidence of primary aldosteronism in 199 patients referred with hypertension.","volume":"21","author":"Gordon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1977.03270400035014","article-title":"Diagnosis of secondary forms of hypertension. A comprehensive protocol.","volume":"237","author":"Grim","year":"1977","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1985.tb02641.x","article-title":"Is aldosterone\/renin ratio useful to screen a hypertensive population for primary aldosteronism?","volume":"12","author":"Hamlet","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001013","article-title":"High prevalence of primary aldosteronism in the Tayside hypertension clinic population.","volume":"14","author":"Lim","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R15","first-page":"2854","article-title":"Prevalence of primary aldosteronism among Asian hypertensive patients in Singapore.","volume":"85","author":"Loh","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000079505.25750.11","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism and hypertensive disease.","volume":"42","author":"Mosso","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.059","article-title":"A prospective study of the prevalence of primary aldosteronism in 1,125 hypertensive patients.","volume":"48","author":"Rossi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.041780","article-title":"Screening for primary aldosteronism in essential hypertension: diagnostic accuracy of the ratio of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity.","volume":"51","author":"Schwartz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031337","article-title":"Increased diagnosis of primary aldosteronism, including surgically correctable forms, in centers from five continents.","volume":"89","author":"Mulatero","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000230444.01215.6a","article-title":"Renal damage in primary aldosteronism: results of the PAPY Study.","volume":"48","author":"Rossi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.015","article-title":"Evidence for an increased rate of cardiovascular events in patients with primary aldosteronism.","volume":"45","author":"Milliez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5070","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0681","article-title":"Evidence for abnormal left ventricular structure and function in normotensive individuals with familial hyperaldosteronism type I.","volume":"90","author":"Stowasser","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(02)02969-2","article-title":"High prevalence of primary aldosteronism using postcaptopril plasma aldosterone to renin ratio as a screening test among Italian hypertensives.","volume":"15","author":"Rossi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001554","article-title":"Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in moderate to severe hypertension in the Central Europe region.","volume":"17","author":"Strauch","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001948","article-title":"Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in mild to moderate hypertension without hypokalaemia.","volume":"20","author":"Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R26","first-page":"17","article-title":"Normokalemic hyperaldosteronism in patients with resistant hypertension.","volume":"4","author":"Benchetrit","year":"2002","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000040261.30455.B6","article-title":"Hyperaldosteronism among black and white subjects with resistant hypertension.","volume":"40","author":"Calhoun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200411000-00026","article-title":"Low-renin status in therapy-resistant hypertension: a clue to efficient treatment.","volume":"22","author":"Eide","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(01)80117-7","article-title":"Screening for primary aldosteronism without discontinuing hypertensive medications: plasma aldosterone-renin ratio.","volume":"37","author":"Gallay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000116223.97436.e5","article-title":"Resistant hypertension, obesity, sleep apnea, and aldosterone: theory and therapy.","volume":"43","author":"Goodfriend","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.1.112","article-title":"Aldosterone excretion among subjects with resistant hypertension and symptoms of sleep apnea.","volume":"125","author":"Calhoun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37601-2","article-title":"A survey on incidental adrenal tumors in Japan.","volume":"147","author":"Aso","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1490273","article-title":"Prevalence and natural history of adrenal incidentalomas.","volume":"149","author":"Barzon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2002.01028.x","article-title":"Adrenal incidentaloma: experience of a standardized diagnostic programme in the Swedish prospective study.","volume":"252","author":"Bulow","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1994.01420270067016","article-title":"Subclinical hormone secretion by incidentally discovered adrenal masses.","volume":"129","author":"Caplan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2005.20.4.303","article-title":"Clinical study of adrenal incidentaloma in Korea.","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R37","first-page":"637","article-title":"A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy. Study Group on Adrenal Tumors of the Italian Society of Endocrinology.","volume":"85","author":"Mantero","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.27.5.1039","article-title":"Changes in left ventricular anatomy and function in hypertension and primary aldosteronism.","volume":"27","author":"Rossi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(02)00013-0","article-title":"Use of plasma aldosterone concentration-to-plasma renin activity ratio as a screening test for primary aldosteronism","volume":"31","author":"Montori","year":"2002","journal-title":"A systematic review of the literature. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1981.00340130033011","article-title":"A screening test to identify aldosterone-producing adenoma by measuring plasma renin activity. Results in hypertensive patients.","volume":"141","author":"Hiramatsu","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-73-5-952","article-title":"Diagnosis under random conditions of all disorders of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, including primary hyperaldosteronism.","volume":"73","author":"McKenna","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200311000-00025","article-title":"High rate of detection of primary aldosteronism, including surgically treatable forms, after \u2018non-selective\u2019 screening of hypertensive patients.","volume":"21","author":"Stowasser","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03349761","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism.","volume":"18","author":"Gordon","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ten.0000139006.29471.9e","article-title":"The aldosterone-renin ratio for screening for primary aldosteronism.","volume":"14","author":"Stowasser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocrinologist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021476","article-title":"Variability in the renin\/aldosterone profile under random and standardized sampling conditions in primary aldosteronism.","volume":"88","author":"Tanabe","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1996.01430180072015","article-title":"Factors influencing outcome of surgery for primary aldosteronism.","volume":"131","author":"Celen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/3.5.360","article-title":"Effect of age on response of secondary hypertension to specific treatment.","volume":"3","author":"Streeten","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000038478.59760.41","article-title":"Drug effects on aldosterone\/plasma renin activity ratio in primary aldosteronism.","volume":"40","author":"Mulatero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)62105-8","article-title":"Validity of the aldosterone-renin ratio used to screen for primary aldosteronism.","volume":"76","author":"Montori","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-2998(75)80033-X","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay of plasma renin activity.","volume":"5","author":"Sealey","year":"1975","journal-title":"Semin Nucl Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.068502","article-title":"Automated chemiluminescence-immunoassay for aldosterone during dynamic testing: comparison to radioimmunoassays with and without extraction steps.","volume":"52","author":"Schirpenbach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2006.03.034","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of 12 steroids by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-photospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.","volume":"372","author":"Guo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1149","article-title":"The use of aldosterone-renin ratio as a diagnostic test for primary hyperaldosteronism and its test characteristics under different conditions of blood sampling.","volume":"90","author":"Tiu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/00019616-199707040-00003","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: update on diagnosis and treatment.","volume":"7","author":"Young Jr","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocrinologist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02775.x","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: renaissance of a syndrome.","volume":"66","author":"Young","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2003.10.006","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: careful investigation is essential and rewarding.","volume":"217","author":"Stowasser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000217857.20241.0f","article-title":"Analysis of screening and confirmatory tests in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: need for a standardized protocol.","volume":"24","author":"Giacchetti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328126856e","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of the saline infusion test for excluding primary aldosteronism due to aldosterone-producing adenoma.","volume":"25","author":"Rossi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.6.5.717","article-title":"Further evaluation of saline infusion for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.","volume":"6","author":"Holland","year":"1984","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1971.00310210056004","article-title":"Saline suppression of plasma aldosterone in hypertension.","volume":"128","author":"Kem","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)93003-1","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid hypertension.","volume":"344","author":"Gordon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R62","first-page":"101","article-title":"Diagnostic investigations in primary aldosteronism","author":"Gordon","year":"2001","journal-title":"In: Zanchetti A, ed. Clinical medicine series on hypertension. Maidenhead, UK: McGraw-Hill International;"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R63","first-page":"865","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism and other forms of mineralocorticoid hypertension","author":"Gordon","year":"1994","journal-title":"In: Swales J, ed Textbook of hypertension. London: Blackwell Scientific;"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.6.1440","article-title":"Captopril suppression versus salt loading in confirming primary aldosteronism.","volume":"37","author":"Agharazii","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289s","DOI":"10.1042\/cs061289s","article-title":"Effect of angiotensin II and converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) on blood pressure, plasma renin activity and aldosterone in primary aldosteronism","volume":"61","author":"Mantero","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.091827","article-title":"Comparison of the captopril and the saline infusion test for excluding aldosterone-producing adenoma.","volume":"50","author":"Rossi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1992.tb02252.x","article-title":"Re-evaluation of the captopril test for the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism.","volume":"36","author":"Hambling","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.093468","article-title":"Captopril test can give misleading results in patients with suspect primary aldosteronism","volume":"50","author":"Mulatero","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp065470","article-title":"Clinical practice. The incidentally discovered adrenal mass.","volume":"356","author":"Young Jr","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R70","first-page":"460","article-title":"Incidentally discovered adrenal masses.","volume":"16","author":"Kloos","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2004.06.051","article-title":"Role for adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism.","volume":"136","author":"Young","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.141.5.497","article-title":"Primary hyperaldosteronism: effect of adrenal vein sampling on surgical outcome.","volume":"141","author":"Nwariaku","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S143","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.25si055514","article-title":"Adrenal vein sampling: how to make it quick, easy, and successful","volume":"25","author":"Daunt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-0760(01)00097-8","article-title":"Familial hyperaldosteronism.","volume":"78","author":"Stowasser","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-004-7496-z","article-title":"Long-term follow-up after adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism.","volume":"29","author":"Meyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-4-200108210-00010","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: factors associated with normalization of blood pressure after surgery.","volume":"135","author":"Sawka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R77","first-page":"203","article-title":"Pseudo-primary aldosteronism. An entity distinct from true primary aldosteronism.","volume":"27","author":"Baer","year":"1970","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1967.00300040052009","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism.","volume":"120","author":"Gunnells Jr","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R79","first-page":"761","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: surgical management and pathologic findings.","volume":"43","author":"Priestley","year":"1968","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-196805000-00010","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: experience with current diagnostic criteria and surgical treatment in fourteen patients.","volume":"167","author":"Rhamy","year":"1968","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-3-386","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: diagnosis, localization, and treatment.","volume":"90","author":"Weinberger","year":"1979","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30425-0","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism. Diagnostic evaluation.","volume":"17","author":"Young Jr","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.3.7287","article-title":"Identification of the etiology of primary aldosteronism with adrenal vein sampling in patients with equivocal computed tomography and magnetic resonance findings: results in 104 consecutive cases.","volume":"86","author":"Rossi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.198.2.8596821","article-title":"Hyperaldosteronism: sampling the adrenal veins.","volume":"198","author":"Doppman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.092080","article-title":"Rapid cortisol assay during adrenal vein sampling in patients with primary aldosteronism.","volume":"53","author":"Mengozzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0622-8","article-title":"Selective use of adrenal venous sampling in the lateralization of aldosterone-producing adenomas.","volume":"30","author":"Tan","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000134495.26900.6A","article-title":"Comparison of sequential versus simultaneous methods of adrenal venous sampling.","volume":"15","author":"Carr","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000202818.10459.96","article-title":"Dynamic testing with high-dose adrenocorticotrophic hormone does not improve lateralization of aldosterone oversecretion in primary aldosteronism patients.","volume":"24","author":"Rossi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-36-2-401","article-title":"Anomalous postural response of plasma aldosterone concentration in patients with aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma.","volume":"36","author":"Ganguly","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R90","first-page":"S103","article-title":"Angiotensin-responsive aldosterone-producing adenoma masquerades as idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA: adrenal hyperplasia) or low-renin essential hypertension","volume":"5","author":"Gordon","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Hypertens Suppl"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3637","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-022051","article-title":"Predicting surgically remedial primary aldosteronism: role of adrenal scanning, posture testing, and adrenal vein sampling.","volume":"88","author":"Espiner","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4526","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.12.7086","article-title":"Predictive value of preoperative tests in discriminating bilateral adrenal hyperplasia from an aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma.","volume":"85","author":"Phillips","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1972.00320030037002","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism. Photoscanning of tumors after administration of 131I-19-iodocholesterol.","volume":"129","author":"Conn","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-45-2-353","article-title":"A new and superior adrenal imaging agent, 131I\u20136\u03b2-iodomethyl-19-nor-cholesterol (NP-59): evaluation in humans.","volume":"45","author":"Sarkar","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197602192940802","article-title":"Location of aldosterone-producing adenomas with 131I-19-iodocholesterol.","volume":"294","author":"Hogan","year":"1976","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-71-4-825","article-title":"Iodomethylnorcholesterol uptake in an aldosteronoma shown by dexamethasone-suppression scintigraphy: relationship to adenoma size and functional activity.","volume":"71","author":"Nomura","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(01)02312-3","article-title":"Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia causing primary aldosteronism: limitations of I-131 norcholesterol scanning.","volume":"15","author":"Mansoor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-49-1-87","article-title":"The significance of elevated levels of plasma 18-hydroxycorticosterone in patients with primary aldosteronism.","volume":"49","author":"Biglieri","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/01.crd.0000096417.42861.ce","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism.","volume":"12","author":"McMahon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.112648","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism is associated with severe hypertension in early childhood.","volume":"138","author":"Dluhy","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.31.1.445","article-title":"Intracranial aneurysm and hemorrhagic stroke in glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism.","volume":"31","author":"Litchfield","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/355262a0","article-title":"A chimaeric 11\u03b2-hydroxylase\/aldosterone synthase gene causes glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism and human hypertension.","volume":"355","author":"Lifton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1225","article-title":"A new genetic test for familial hyperaldosteronism type I aids in the detection of curable hypertension.","volume":"207","author":"Jonsson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4805","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7920","article-title":"Genetic study of patients with dexamethasone-suppressible aldosteronism without the chimeric CYP11B1\/CYP11B2 gene.","volume":"86","author":"Fardella","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001152","article-title":"Is random screening of value in detecting glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism within a hypertensive population?","volume":"15","author":"Gates","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000174299.66369.26","article-title":"Familial hyperaldosteronism type II is linked to the chromosome 7p22 region but also shows predicted heterogeneity.","volume":"23","author":"So","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1991.tb01446.x","article-title":"Clinical and pathological diversity of primary aldosteronism, including a new familial variety.","volume":"18","author":"Gordon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(03)00112-7","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: from genesis to genetics.","volume":"14","author":"Stowasser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.37.11.831","article-title":"A novel genetic locus for low renin hypertension: familial hyperaldosteronism type II maps to chromosome 7 (7p22).","volume":"37","author":"Lafferty","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00010","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism.","volume":"121","author":"Blumenfeld","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0748-7983(03)00051-9","article-title":"Review of surgical management of aldosterone secreting tumours of the adrenal cortex.","volume":"29","author":"Harris","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R112","first-page":"256","article-title":"Primary hyperaldosteronism in the era of laparoscopic adrenalectomy","author":"Rossi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Surg 68:253\u2013256; discussion"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02520.x","article-title":"Response to unilateral adrenalectomy for aldosterone-producing adenoma: effect of potassium levels and angiotensin responsiveness.","volume":"21","author":"Stowasser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0279","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: changing concepts in diagnosis and treatment.","volume":"144","author":"Young Jr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199608000-00003","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism. Results of surgical treatment.","volume":"224","author":"Lo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.1998.93108","article-title":"Essential hypertension: first reason for persistent hypertension after unilateral adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism?","volume":"124","author":"Proye","year":"1998","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R117","first-page":"1995","article-title":"Laparoscopic versus open adrenalectomy for surgical adrenal disease.","volume":"10","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900115","article-title":"Laparoscopic adrenalectomy","volume":"20","author":"Rutherford","year":"1996","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000162045.68387.c3","article-title":"Laparoscopic partial versus total adrenalectomy for aldosterone producing adenoma.","volume":"174","author":"Ishidoya","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-2-199907200-00005","article-title":"Medical management of aldosterone-producing adenomas.","volume":"131","author":"Ghose","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2002.02261.x","article-title":"Long-term follow-up and cost benefit of adrenalectomy in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism.","volume":"89","author":"Sywak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneph0151","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: diagnostic and treatment strategies.","volume":"2","author":"Mattsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Nephrol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900552","article-title":"Success of surgery for primary aldosteronism judged by residual autonomous aldosterone production.","volume":"22","author":"Rutherford","year":"1998","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5816.729","article-title":"Comparison of surgery and prolonged spironolactone therapy in patients with hypertension, aldosterone excess, and low plasma renin.","volume":"2","author":"Brown","year":"1972","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-197012000-00001","article-title":"Effect of spironolactone in hypertensive patients.","volume":"260","author":"Crane","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R126","first-page":"383","article-title":"Spironolactone therapy in primary aldosteronism: diagnostic and therapeutic implications","author":"Ganguly","year":"1976","journal-title":"In: Sambhi MP, ed. Systemic effects of antihypertensive agents. New York: Stratton;"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01476798","article-title":"Evidence for a subgroup of essential hypertensives with non-suppressible excretion of aldosterone during sodium loading.","volume":"58","author":"Helber","year":"1980","journal-title":"Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"V115","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.5.6_Pt_3.V115","article-title":"Studies of impaired aldosterone response to spironolactone-induced renin and potassium elevations in adenomatous but not hyperplastic primary aldosteronism","volume":"5","author":"Kater","year":"1983","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R129","first-page":"213s","article-title":"Spironolactone and amiloride in the treatment of low renin hyperaldosteronism and related syndromes","volume":"45","author":"Kremer","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin Sci Mol Med Suppl"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1070723","article-title":"[Spironolactone in essential hypertension associated with abnormal aldosterone regulation and in Conn\u2019s syndrome (author\u2019s transl)]","volume":"105","author":"Wambach","year":"1980","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1999.00070.x","article-title":"Raised aldosterone to renin ratio predicts antihypertensive efficacy of spironolactone: a prospective cohort follow-up study.","volume":"48","author":"Lim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)91030-7","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerance of spironolactone in essential hypertension.","volume":"60","author":"Jeunemaitre","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R133","first-page":"650","article-title":"Three new epoxy-spirolactone derivatives: characterization in vivo and in vitro.","volume":"240","author":"de Gasparo","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(03)80282-5","article-title":"Long-term safety and efficacy of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone in patients with essential hypertension.","volume":"25","author":"Burgess","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(02)02957-6","article-title":"Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in mild-to-moderate hypertension.","volume":"15","author":"Weinberger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030207","article-title":"Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction.","volume":"348","author":"Pitt","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200103000-00001","article-title":"A review of the medical treatment of primary aldosteronism.","volume":"19","author":"Lim","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.6.594","article-title":"Spironolactone increases nitric oxide bioactivity, improves endothelial vasodilator dysfunction, and suppresses vascular angiotensin I\/angiotensin II conversion in patients with chronic heart failure.","volume":"101","author":"Farquharson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113312613400_R139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.88.5.475","article-title":"Increasing plasma potassium with amiloride shortens the QT interval and reduces ventricular extrasystoles but does not change endothelial function or heart rate variability in chronic heart failure.","volume":"88","author":"Farquharson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Heart"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/93\/9\/3266\/20288088\/jcem3266.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,11]],"date-time":"2019-05-11T23:32:17Z","timestamp":1557617537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/93\/9\/3266\/2596343"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]]},"references-count":139,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2008-0104","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1141937.599044","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]]}}}