{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:11:12Z","timestamp":1767859872250,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Context: Ectopic pregnancy is common but remains difficult to diagnose accurately. There is no serum test to differentiate ectopic from intrauterine gestation.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Objective: Our objective was to investigate differential gene expression in decidualized endometrium of ectopic pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Design: Tissue and serum analysis informed by microarray study was performed.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Setting: The study was performed at a large United Kingdom teaching hospital.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Patients or Other Participants: Women undergoing surgical termination of pregnancy (n = 8), evacuation of uterus for miscarriage (n = 6), and surgery for tubal ectopic pregnancy (n = 11) were included in the study. Endometrium was collected from normally cycling women undergoing hysterectomy.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Interventions: Decidualized endometrium was subjected to microarray analysis, morphological assessment, and immunohistochemistry. Endometrial stromal fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of decidualizing stimuli.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Main Outcome Measures: Differential expression of potentially secreted molecules was calculated.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: Inhibin\/activin \u03b2-B expression was lower in decidualized endometrium from ectopic pregnancies when compared with that of ongoing pregnancies (P &amp;lt; 0.01) or miscarriages (P &amp;lt; 0.01). The localization of the \u03b2-B subunit was more marked in decidualized than nondecidualized stroma. Decidualization of stromal fibroblasts in vitro was associated with increased \u03b2-B expression (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Endometrial stroma of ectopic pregnancies was less decidualized morphologically (P &amp;lt; 0.05), with lower prolactin (P &amp;lt; 0.01) and IGF binding protein-1 (P &amp;lt; 0.005) expression. Serum activin B was lower in ectopic pregnancies (P &amp;lt; 0.005) than in intrauterine pregnancies, whereas there was no difference in progesterone concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: Despite similar concentrations of progesterone, the endometrium of ectopic pregnancies is less decidualized than intrauterine pregnancies. Expression of the \u03b2-B subunit is related to decidualization and can be detected in the circulation as activin B. Serum activin B concentrations are lower in ectopic pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,2]],"date-time":"2008-04-02T03:08:57Z","timestamp":1207105737000},"page":"2375-2382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Endometrial Inhibin\/Activin \u03b2-B Subunit Expression Is Related to Decidualization and Is Reduced in Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"A. W.","family":"Horne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences (A.W.H., S.v.d.D., A.E.K., M.M., P.L., H.O.D.C., W.C.D.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"van den Driesche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences (A.W.H., S.v.d.D., A.E.K., M.M., P.L., H.O.D.C., W.C.D.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. E.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences (A.W.H., S.v.d.D., A.E.K., M.M., P.L., H.O.D.C., W.C.D.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathway Medicine (S.B., P.G.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences (A.W.H., S.v.d.D., A.E.K., M.M., P.L., H.O.D.C., W.C.D.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Ludlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Centre for Protein and Peptides (H.L.), Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Lourenco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences (A.W.H., S.v.d.D., A.E.K., M.M., P.L., H.O.D.C., W.C.D.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ghazal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathway Medicine (S.B., P.G.), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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