{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:40:53Z","timestamp":1788964853306,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11_supplement_1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,5]],"date-time":"2008-11-05T14:40:07Z","timestamp":1225896007000},"page":"s31-s36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":253,"title":["Obesity in Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Anna M. G.","family":"Cali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Caprio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R1","first-page":"1728","article-title":"Prevalence and trends in overweight among U.S. children and adolescents, 1999\u20132000.","volume":"288","author":"Ogden","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R2","first-page":"1549","article-title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999\u20132004.","volume":"295","author":"Ogden","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R3","first-page":"2401","article-title":"High body mass index for age among U.S. children and adolescents, 2003\u20132006.","volume":"299","author":"Ogden","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R4","first-page":"1197","article-title":"Obesity.","volume":"366","author":"Haslam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R5","first-page":"893S","article-title":"Obesity trends in Latin America: transiting from under- to overweight","volume":"131","author":"Uauy","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R6","first-page":"11","article-title":"Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity.","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Obes"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R7","first-page":"2146","article-title":"Increases in clinically severe obesity in the United States, 1986\u20132000.","volume":"163","author":"Sturm","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R8","first-page":"802","article-title":"Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance among children and adolescents with marked obesity.","volume":"346","author":"Sinha","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R9","first-page":"47","article-title":"The consequences of childhood overweight and obesity.","volume":"16","author":"Daniels","year":"2006","journal-title":"Future Child"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R10","first-page":"2362","article-title":"Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents.","volume":"350","author":"Weiss","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R11","first-page":"928","article-title":"Racial differences in the tracking of childhood BMI to adulthood.","volume":"13","author":"Freedman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R12","first-page":"74","article-title":"Longitudinal trends in race\/ethnic disparities in leading health indicators from adolescence to young adulthood.","volume":"160","author":"Harris","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R13","first-page":"167","article-title":"Do obese children become obese adults? A review of the literature.","volume":"22","author":"Serdula","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R14","first-page":"2427","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of insulin resistance among U.S. adolescents. A population-based study.","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R15","first-page":"517","article-title":"Increasing body mass index z-score is continuously associated with complications of overweight in children, even in the healthy range.","volume":"92","author":"Bell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R16","first-page":"1595","article-title":"Banting lecture. Role of insulin resistance in human disease.","volume":"37","author":"Reaven","year":"1988","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R17","first-page":"683","article-title":"Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with the metabolic syndrome.","volume":"24","author":"Isomaa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R18","first-page":"1650","article-title":"Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults.","volume":"338","author":"Berenson","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R19","first-page":"2271","article-title":"Childhood cardiovascular risk factors and carotid vascular changes in adulthood.","volume":"290","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R20","first-page":"2277","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors in childhood and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adulthood.","volume":"290","author":"Raitakari","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R21","first-page":"277","article-title":"Coronary risk factors measured in childhood and young adult life are associated with coronary artery calcification in young adults: the Muscatine study.","volume":"27","author":"Mahoney","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R22","first-page":"2815","article-title":"Carotid intimal media thikness is related to cardiovascular risk factors measured from childhood through middle age. The Muscatine Study.","volume":"104","author":"Davis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R23","first-page":"3018","volume":"264","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R24","first-page":"2696","article-title":"Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and coronary atherosclerosis.","volume":"105","author":"Grundy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R25","first-page":"951","article-title":"Prediabetes in obese youth: a syndrome of impaired glucose tolerance, severe insulin resistance, and altered myocellular and abdominal fat partitioning.","volume":"362","author":"Weiss","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R26","first-page":"3731","article-title":"The \u201cobese insulin-sensitive\u201d adolescent: importance of adiponectin and lipid partitioning.","volume":"90","author":"Weiss","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R27","first-page":"325","article-title":"Muscle triglyceride and insulin resistance.","volume":"22","author":"Kelley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R28","first-page":"171","article-title":"Cellular mechanism of insulin resistance.","volume":"106","author":"Shulman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R29","first-page":"2944","article-title":"Dysfunction in mitochondria in human skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes.","volume":"51","author":"Kelley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R30","first-page":"273","article-title":"Skeletal muscle glycolytic and oxidative enzyme capacities are determinants of insulin sensitivity and muscle composition in obese women.","volume":"9","author":"Simoneau","year":"1995","journal-title":"FASEB"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R31","first-page":"267","article-title":"PGC-1\u03b1 responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately down-regulated in human diabetes.","volume":"34","author":"Mootha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R32","first-page":"8466","article-title":"Coordinated reduction of genes of oxidative metabolism in humans with insulin resistance and diabetes: Potential role of PGC1 and NRF1.","volume":"100","author":"Patti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R33","first-page":"664","article-title":"Impaired mitochondrial activity in the insulin-resistant offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes.","volume":"350","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R34","first-page":"E217","article-title":"High-fat diet elevates resting intramuscular triglyceride concentration and whole-body lipolysis during exercise","volume":"286","author":"Zderic","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R35","first-page":"1009","article-title":"Fat utilization during exercise: adaptation to a fat-rich diet increases utilization of plasma fatty acids and very low density lipoprotein-triacylglycerol in humans.","volume":"537","author":"Helge","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R36","first-page":"367","article-title":"High visceral and low abdominal subcutaneous fat stores in the obese adolescent. A determinant of an adverse metabolic phenotype.","volume":"57","author":"Taksali","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R37","first-page":"1096","article-title":"The normal glucose tolerance continuum in obese youth: evidence for impairment in \u03b2-cell function independent of insulin resistance.","volume":"89","author":"Yeckel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R38","first-page":"1663","article-title":"Quantification of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and \u03b2-cell function in human subjects: evidence for a hyperbolic function.","volume":"42","author":"Kahn","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R39","first-page":"1512","article-title":"Lilly lecture. Toward physiological understanding of glucose tolerance: minimal-model approach.","volume":"38","author":"Bergman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114170984700_R40","first-page":"3","article-title":"The relative contributions of insulin resistance and \u03b2-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.","volume":"46","author":"Kahn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetologia"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/93\/11_supplement_1\/s31\/9051424\/jcem0s31.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T01:31:42Z","timestamp":1555032702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/93\/11_supplement_1\/s31\/2627213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11_supplement_1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2008-1363","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,1]]}}}