{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T22:41:54Z","timestamp":1787870514401,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Context: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] may influence serum PTH and other parameters of bone health up to a threshold concentration, which may be between 25 and 80 nmol\/liter.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the threshold serum 25(OH)D with regard to PTH, bone turnover markers, and bone mineral density (BMD).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Design and Setting: This was part of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, an ongoing cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Participants: A total of 1319 subjects (643 men and 676 women) between the ages of 65 and 88 yr participated in the study.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Main Outcome Measures: Serum 25(OH)D, PTH, osteocalcin, urinary deoxypyridinoline\/creatinine, quantitative ultrasound of the heel, BMD of lumbar spine and hip, total body bone mineral content, and physical performance. The relationship between the variables was explored by analysis of covariance and the locally weighted regression (LOESS) plots.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: Serum 25(OH)D was below 25 nmol\/liter in 11.5%, below 50 nmol\/liter in 48.4%, below 75 nmol\/liter in 82.4%, and above 75 nmol\/liter in 17.6% of the respondents. Mean serum PTH decreased gradually from 5.1 pmol\/liter when serum 25(OH)D was below 25 nmol\/liter to 3.1 pmol\/liter when serum 25(OH)D was above 75 nmol\/liter (P &amp;lt; 0.001) without reaching a plateau. All BMD values were higher in the higher serum 25(OH)D groups, although only significantly for total hip (P = 0.01), trochanter (P = 0.001), and total body bone mineral content (P = 0.005). A threshold of about 40 nmol\/liter existed for osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline\/creatinine, 50 nmol\/liter for BMD, and 60 nmol\/liter for physical performance.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are common in the elderly. Bone health and physical performance in older persons are likely to improve when serum 25(OH)D is raised above 50\u201360 nmol\/liter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,22]],"date-time":"2009-01-22T01:45:39Z","timestamp":1232588739000},"page":"1244-1250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":232,"title":["Relationships of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D to Bone Mineral Density and Serum Parathyroid Hormone and Markers of Bone Turnover in Older Persons"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Natalia O.","family":"Kuchuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology (N.O.K., P.L.), VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saskia M. F.","family":"Pluijm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health (S.M.F.P., C.W.N.L.), Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasja M.","family":"van Schoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EMGO Institute (N.M.v.S., P.L.), VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caspar W. N.","family":"Looman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health (S.M.F.P., C.W.N.L.), Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes H.","family":"Smit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Social Gerontology (J.H.S.), VU University, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Lips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology (N.O.K., P.L.), VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"EMGO Institute (N.M.v.S., P.L.), VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071613003807900_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.22.4.0437","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly: consequences for bone loss and fractures and therapeutic implications.","volume":"22","author":"Lips","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212033272305","article-title":"Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women.","volume":"327","author":"Chapuy","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980200023","article-title":"Combined calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation in elderly women: confirmation of reversal of secondary hyperparathyroidism and hip fracture risk: the Decalyos II study.","volume":"13","author":"Chapuy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)63013-9","article-title":"Oral vitamin D3 and calcium for secondary prevention of low-trauma fractures in elderly people (Randomised Evaluation of Calcium Or vitamin D, RECORD): a randomised placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"365","author":"Grant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-4-199602150-00003","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and fracture incidence in elderly persons. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","volume":"124","author":"Lips","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7387.469","article-title":"Effect of four monthly oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on fractures and mortality in men and women living in the community: randomised double blind controlled trial.","volume":"326","author":"Trivedi","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.18.2257","article-title":"Fracture prevention with vitamin D supplementation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","volume":"293","author":"Bischoff-Ferrari","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R8","first-page":"89","article-title":"Which circulating level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is appropriate","author":"Lips","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050030","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in an adult normal population.","volume":"7","author":"Chapuy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2006.01685.x","article-title":"The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy amongst women with osteoporosis: an international epidemiological investigation.","volume":"260","author":"Lips","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2003.12.029","article-title":"Positive association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels and bone mineral density: a population-based study of younger and older adults.","volume":"116","author":"Bischoff-Ferrari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-1867-7","article-title":"Estimates of optimal vitamin D status.","volume":"16","author":"Dawson-Hughes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1525","article-title":"Vitamin D status predicts physical performance and its decline in older persons.","volume":"92","author":"Wicherts","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R14","volume-title":"Autonomy and well-being in the aging population II","author":"Deeg","year":"1998"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R15","first-page":"9","article-title":"Data collection and fieldwork procedures","author":"Smit","year":"1998","journal-title":"In: Deeg DJH, Beekman ATF, Kriegsman DMW, Westendorp-de Seriere M, eds. Autonomy and well-being in the aging population II. Report from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, 1992\u20131996. Amsterdam: VU University Press;"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(96)00134-2","article-title":"Ultrasound measurements in the calcaneus: precision and its relation with bone mineral density of the heel, hip, and lumbar spine.","volume":"19","author":"Graafmans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M85","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85","article-title":"A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission","volume":"49","author":"Guralnik","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Gerontol"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.51.6.676","article-title":"Do disease specific characteristics add to the explanation of mobility limitations in patients with different chronic diseases? A study in The Netherlands.","volume":"51","author":"Kriegsman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650100806","article-title":"Vitamin D status and sex hormone binding globulin: determinants of bone turnover and bone mineral density in elderly women.","volume":"10","author":"Ooms","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803193381201","article-title":"Hypovitaminosis D in medical inpatients.","volume":"338","author":"Thomas","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78933-9","article-title":"Redefining vitamin D insufficiency.","volume":"351","author":"Malabanan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2006.10719551","article-title":"Vitamin D status in a rural postmenopausal female population.","volume":"25","author":"Lappe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-1910-8","article-title":"Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone levels and bone mineral density in community-dwelling older women: the Rancho Bernardo Study.","volume":"16","author":"von Muhlen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-007-9001-9","article-title":"Glomerular filtration rate is a major determinant of the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone.","volume":"80","author":"Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5109","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030515","article-title":"Low vitamin D status, high bone turnover, and bone fractures in centenarians.","volume":"88","author":"Passeri","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0084-3","article-title":"Vitamin D insufficiency and the blunted PTH response in established osteoporosis: the role of magnesium deficiency.","volume":"17","author":"Sahota","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R27","first-page":"47","article-title":"Magnesium metabolism and its disorders.","volume":"24","author":"Swaminathan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-002-1338-3","article-title":"In a population study, can parathyroid hormone aid the definition of adequate vitamin D status? A study of people aged 65 years and over from the British National Diet and Nutrition Survey.","volume":"14","author":"Bates","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021064","article-title":"Age-related changes in the 25-hydroxyvitamin D versus parathyroid hormone relationship suggest a different reason why older adults require more vitamin D.","volume":"88","author":"Vieth","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3215","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2364","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy among postmenopausal North American women receiving osteoporosis therapy.","volume":"90","author":"Holick","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0510","article-title":"Vitamin D status in relation to one-year risk of recurrent falling in older men and women.","volume":"91","author":"Snijder","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.11.002","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures.","volume":"42","author":"van Schoor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.1.18","article-title":"Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes.","volume":"84","author":"Bischoff-Ferrari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050162","article-title":"An international comparison of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurements.","volume":"9","author":"Lips","year":"1999","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.01.003","article-title":"Evaluating vitamin D status. Implications for preventing and managing osteoporosis and other chronic diseases.","volume":"73","author":"Souberbielle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.040125","article-title":"Seasonal periodicity of serum vitamin D and parathyroid hormone, bone resorption, and fractures: the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.","volume":"19","author":"Pasco","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.77.5.320","article-title":"Seasonal changes in vitamin D status and bone turnover in healthy Irish postmenopausal women.","volume":"77","author":"Hill","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0293-9","article-title":"How to select the doses of vitamin D in the management of osteoporosis.","volume":"18","author":"Bischoff-Ferrari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R39","first-page":"1052","article-title":"Prevention of bone loss by vitamin D supplementation in elderly women: a randomized double-blind trial.","volume":"80","author":"Ooms","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0465-2","article-title":"Efficacy of different doses and time intervals of oral vitamin D supplementation with or without calcium in elderly nursing home residents.","volume":"19","author":"Chel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-67-4-644","article-title":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status and parathyroid function in elderly subjects.","volume":"67","author":"Lips","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071613003807900_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.3.7327","article-title":"A global study of vitamin D status and parathyroid function in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: baseline data from the multiple outcomes of raloxifene evaluation clinical trial.","volume":"86","author":"Lips","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/94\/4\/1244\/10806738\/jcem1244.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/94\/4\/1244\/10806738\/jcem1244.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T22:43:42Z","timestamp":1594939422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/94\/4\/1244\/2596345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2008-1832","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]}}}