{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:33:32Z","timestamp":1772166812027,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,18]],"date-time":"2009-12-18T21:10:58Z","timestamp":1261170658000},"page":"630-638","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Cerebrovascular Outcomes in Growth Hormone-Deficient Subjects with Previous Cushing\u2019s Disease or Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenoma"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Webb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology\/Medicine (S.M.W.), Hospital Sant Pau, Universitat Auto\u0300noma de Barcelona and Centro de Investigacio\u0301n Biome\u0301dica en Red en Enfermedades Raras Unit 747, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daojun","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lilly Research Laboratories (D.M., A.G.Z.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven W. J.","family":"Lamberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (S.W.J.L.), Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shlomo","family":"Melmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (S.M.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Cavagnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (F.C., F.P.G.), University of Milan, Ospedale San Luca, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 20145 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Pecori Giraldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (F.C., F.P.G.), University of Milan, Ospedale San Luca, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, 20145 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian J.","family":"Strasburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Endocrinology (C.J.S.), Department of Medicine Charite\u0301 Campus Mitte, Charite\u0301-Universita\u0308tsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan G.","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lilly Research Laboratories (D.M., A.G.Z.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Whitney W.","family":"Woodmansee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital (W.W.W.), Boston, Massachusetts 02215"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the International HypoCCS Advisory Board","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5593","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030871","article-title":"Diagnosis and complications of Cushing\u2019s syndrome: a consensus statement","volume":"88","author":"Arnaldi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2734","article-title":"Treatment of adrenocorticotropin-dependent Cushing\u2019s syndrome: a consensus statement","volume":"93","author":"Biller","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04172-6","article-title":"Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"357","author":"Boscaro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02168.x","article-title":"High cardiovascular risk in patients with Cushing\u2019s syndrome according to 1999 WHO\/ISH guidelines","volume":"61","author":"Mancini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3143","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.106.25.3143","article-title":"Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report","volume":"106","author":"National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2005.01.010","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Pivonello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2005.01.007","article-title":"Pituitary surgery and postoperative management in Cushing\u2019s disease","volume":"34","author":"Utz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-008-0117-3","article-title":"Cushing\u2019s disease: radiation therapy","volume":"12","author":"Vance","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2004.01976.x","article-title":"Assessment of GH reserve before and after successful treatment of adult patients with Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Tzanela","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00738.x","article-title":"Growth hormone status following treatment for Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Hughes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01511.x","article-title":"Long-term follow-up results of transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing\u2019s disease in a single centre using strict criteria for remission","volume":"56","author":"Rees","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02329","article-title":"Significant GH deficiency after long-term cure by surgery in adult patients with Cushing\u2019s disease","volume":"156","author":"Pecori Giraldi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2002.01559.x","article-title":"Growth hormone deficiency and vascular risk","volume":"57","author":"McCallum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-06-0699","article-title":"The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increased in patients with GH deficiency, irrespective of long-term substitution with recombinant human GH","volume":"156","author":"van der Klaauw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3306","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031601","article-title":"Malignant disease and cardiovascular morbidity in hypopituitary adults with or without growth hormone replacement therapy","volume":"89","author":"Svensson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R16","first-page":"2664","article-title":"Persistence of increased cardiovascular risk in patients with Cushing\u2019s disease after five years of successful cure","volume":"84","author":"Colao","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R17","first-page":"257","article-title":"Growth hormone deficiency and replacement in patients with treated Cushing\u2019s disease, prolactinomas and non-functioning pituitary adenomas: effects on body composition, glucose metabolism, lipid status and bone mineral density","volume":"66","author":"Colson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1460067","article-title":"Growth hormone deficiency and replacement in hypopituitary patients previously treated for acromegaly or Cushing\u2019s disease","volume":"146","author":"Feldt-Rasmussen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0713","article-title":"Changing patterns of the adult growth hormone deficiency diagnosis documented in a decade-long global surveillance database","volume":"94","author":"Webb","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R20","first-page":"1600","article-title":"Human growth hormone replacement in adult hypopituitary patients: long-term effects on body composition and lipid status\u20143-year results from the HypoCCS Database","volume":"87","author":"Attanasio","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association\/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement","volume":"112","author":"Grundy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.5.8509","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of six tests for the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency","volume":"87","author":"Biller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R23","first-page":"11","article-title":"Radioimmunoassays for IGFs and IGFBPs","volume":"4","author":"Blum","year":"1994","journal-title":"Growth Regul"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1159\/000073550","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins","author":"Blum","year":"2003","journal-title":"In: Ranke MB, ed. Diagnostics of endocrine function in children and adolescents. Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger Publishers;"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R25","volume-title":"Statistical methods in cancer research","author":"Breslow","year":"1987"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1367.009","article-title":"The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in obesity and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"1083","author":"Pasquali","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.21.6.0415","article-title":"Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: their relation to the metabolic syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Wajchenberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2147\/vhrm.2005.1.4.291","article-title":"Cardiovascular consequences of cortisol excess","volume":"1","author":"Whitworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021558","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and common carotid artery caliber and stiffness in patients with Cushing\u2019s disease during active disease and 1 year after disease remission","volume":"88","author":"Faggiano","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3365","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0766","article-title":"Persistent body fat mass and inflammatory marker increases after long-term cure of Cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"94","author":"Barahona","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2444","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.10.2444","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among U.S. adults","volume":"27","author":"Ford","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-007-0083-1","article-title":"Mortality following pituitary radiotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Ayuk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02018.x","article-title":"Baseline characteristics and the effects of two years of growth hormone replacement therapy in adults with growth hormone deficiency previously treated for Cushing\u2019s disease","volume":"60","author":"Johannsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113455995900_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2112","article-title":"Mortality in patients treated for Cushing\u2019s disease is increased, compared with patients treated for non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma","volume":"92","author":"Dekkers","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/95\/2\/630\/9065886\/jcem0630.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T13:07:08Z","timestamp":1558703228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/95\/2\/630\/2596833"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2009-0806","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.2137014.1737124","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]}}}