{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:44:40Z","timestamp":1788864280347,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Context: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. Hypoparathyroidism occurs in 80% of patients with APS1 and has been suggested to result from an autoimmune reaction against the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in parathyroid cells. Anti-CaSR binding antibodies have previously been detected in patients with APS1.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether anti-CaSR antibodies present in APS1 patients could modulate the response of the CaSR to stimulation by Ca2+.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: The results indicated that two of the 14 APS1 patients included in the study had anti-CaSR antibodies that stimulated the receptor. These antibodies were detected by their ability to increase both Ca2+-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and inositol phosphate accumulation in human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing the CaSR.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusion: An important implication of the present results is that although the majority of APS1 patients do not have CaSR-stimulating antibodies, there may be a small but substantial minority of patients in whom the hypoparathyroid state is the result of functional suppression of the parathyroid glands rather than their irreversible destruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,17]],"date-time":"2009-10-17T01:10:03Z","timestamp":1255741803000},"page":"4749-4756","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Activating Autoantibodies against the Calcium-Sensing Receptor Detected in Two Patients with Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"E. 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