{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:55:45Z","timestamp":1791932145597,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,17]],"date-time":"2010-03-17T21:44:16Z","timestamp":1268862256000},"page":"2123-2131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":183,"title":["A Novel Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulin Bioassay Is a Functional Indicator of Activity and Severity of Graves\u2019 Orbitopathy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"S. D.","family":"Lytton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine I (S.D.L., M.K., N.M., G.J.K.), Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. A.","family":"Ponto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology (K.A.P.), Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kanitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine I (S.D.L., M.K., N.M., G.J.K.), Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Matheis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine I (S.D.L., M.K., N.M., G.J.K.), Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. D.","family":"Kohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences (L.D.K.), Ohio University, Athens, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. J.","family":"Kahaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine I (S.D.L., M.K., N.M., G.J.K.), Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91815-7","article-title":"Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"304","author":"Smith","year":"1974","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-4-778","article-title":"A reconsideration of a thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin as cause of hyperthyroidism in Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"42","author":"McKenzie","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R3","first-page":"788","article-title":"Autoimmune thyroid disease: future developments in our understanding","volume":"15","author":"Weetman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.03.012","article-title":"TSH receptor autoantibodies","volume":"9","author":"Michalek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R5","first-page":"41","article-title":"Pathogenesis","author":"Orgiazzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"In: Wiersinga WM, Kahaly GJ, eds. Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: a multidisciplinary approach. Bale, Switzerland: Karger;"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R6","first-page":"27","article-title":"Orbit-thyroid relationship","author":"Lazarus","year":"2007","journal-title":"In: Wiersinga WM, Kahaly GJ, eds. Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: a multidisciplinary approach. Bale, Switzerland: Karger;"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01855041","article-title":"Ciclosporin and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in endocrine orbitopathy","volume":"189","author":"Kahaly","year":"1989","journal-title":"Res Exp Med (Berl)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02576669","article-title":"Relationship of eye muscle antibodies with HLA phenotypes and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins in endocrine orbitopathy","volume":"191","author":"Kahaly","year":"1991","journal-title":"Res Exp Med (Berl)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2000.00959.x","article-title":"Association of thyrotrophin receptor antibodies with the clinical features of Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"52","author":"Gerding","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5768","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.8.5768","article-title":"B cells from patients with Graves\u2019 disease aberrantly express the IGF-1 receptor: implications for disease pathogenesis","volume":"181","author":"Douglas","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4397","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.6.4397","article-title":"Evidence for an association between thyroid-stimulating hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors: a tale of two antigens implicated in Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"181","author":"Tsui","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1614","article-title":"Increased generation of fibrocytes in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy","volume":"95","author":"Douglas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2405","article-title":"The thyrocyte-fibrocyte link: closing the loop in the pathogenesis of Graves\u2019 disease?","volume":"95","author":"Kahaly","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.115162","article-title":"Inter-method variability in TSH-receptor antibody measurement: implication for the diagnosis of Graves\u2019 disease and for the follow-up of Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy","volume":"55","author":"Massart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2134","article-title":"Evidence that shed thyrotropin receptor A subunits drive affinity maturation of autoantibodies causing Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"94","author":"Mizutori","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2008.09.007","article-title":"Treatment of Graves\u2019 disease with rituximab specifically reduces the production of thyroid stimulating autoantibodies","volume":"130","author":"El Fassi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)65533-5","article-title":"Clinical utility of thyrotropin-receptor antibody assays: comparison of radioreceptor and bioassay methods","volume":"63","author":"Morris 3rd","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2213","article-title":"Stimulating and blocking thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor autoantibodies from patients with Graves\u2019 disease and autoimmune hypothyroidism have very similar concentration, TSH receptor Affinity, and binding sites","volume":"92","author":"Morgenthaler","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R19","first-page":"90","article-title":"Second generation assay for thyrotropin receptor antibodies has superior diagnostic sensitivity for Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"84","author":"Costagliola","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03512.x","article-title":"Clinical value of the first automated TSH receptor auto-antibody assay for the diagnosis of Graves\u2018 disease (GD): an international multicentre trial","volume":"71","author":"Schott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2008.11.025","article-title":"Technical evaluation of the first fully automated assay for the detection of TSH receptor autoantibodies","volume":"401","author":"Hermsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-93-1-28","article-title":"Clinical significance of assay of thyroid stimulating antibody in Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"93","author":"Zakarija","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-54-1-108","article-title":"A new in vitro assay for human thyroid stimulation using cultured thyroid cells: effects of sodium chloride on adenosine 3\u20325\u2032 monophosphate increase","volume":"54","author":"Kasagi","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-58-2-332","article-title":"Clinical experience with a human thyroid cell bioassay for thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin","volume":"58","author":"Rapoport","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020389","article-title":"Epitope heterogeneity of thyroid-stimulating antibodies predicts long-term outcome in Graves\u2019 patients treated with antithyroid drugs","volume":"88","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R26","first-page":"3647","article-title":"Epitope mapping of TSH receptor-blocking antibodies in Graves\u2019 disease that appear during pregnancy","volume":"86","author":"Kung","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020554","article-title":"A method for identification of the peptides that bind to a clone of thyroid-stimulating antibodies in the serum of Graves\u2019 disease patients","volume":"88","author":"Na","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1997.7.867","article-title":"Epitopes for thyroid stimulating and blocking autoantibodies on the extracellular domain of the human thyrotropin receptor","volume":"7","author":"Tahara","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02325","article-title":"Treatment of Graves\u2019 disease and associated ophthalmopathy with the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab: an open study","volume":"156","author":"Salvi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02230","article-title":"Clinical assessment of patients with Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: the European Group on Graves\u2019 Orbitopathy recommendations to generalists, specialists, and clinical researchers","volume":"155","author":"Wiersinga","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0666","article-title":"Consensus statement of the European Group on Graves\u2019 Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) on management of GO","volume":"158","author":"Bartalena","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2007.0315","article-title":"Consensus statement of the European Group on Graves\u2019 Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) on management of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy","volume":"18","author":"Bartalena","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-44-1-203","article-title":"Modification of the classification of the eye changes of Graves\u2019 disease: recommendations of the Ad Hoc Committee of the American Thyroid Association","volume":"44","author":"Werner","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)91335-A","article-title":"Immunoglobulins from Graves\u2019 disease patients interact with different sites on TSH receptor\/LH-CG receptor chimeras than either TSH or immunoglobulin from idiopathic myxedema patients","volume":"179","author":"Tahara","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3464","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2813","article-title":"Thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies are independent risk factors for Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy and help to predict severity and outcome of the disease","volume":"91","author":"Eckstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041114075593300_R36","first-page":"100","article-title":"Thyroid treatment","author":"Marcocci","year":"2007","journal-title":"In: Wiersinga WM, Kahaly GJ, eds. Graves\u2019 orbitopathy: a multidisciplinary approach. Bale, Switzerland: Karger;"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/95\/5\/2123\/9067225\/jcem2123.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T01:07:03Z","timestamp":1558919223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/95\/5\/2123\/2596702"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2009-2470","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]}}}