{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T10:20:27Z","timestamp":1772792427126,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Context: The association between IGFs and cancer in adults with GH deficiency (GHD) receiving GH replacement requires investigation.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Objective: The objective was to examine the association between IGF-I, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2), and IGFBP-3 sd scores (SDSs) in GH-deficient adults receiving GH therapy and the occurrence of de novo malignancies.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Design: Serum IGF-I, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 levels in GH-deficient patients who developed a malignancy since receiving GH were compared with patients with idiopathic GHD but without malignancy. Measurements were related to age-, sex-, and body mass index-specific SDS reference regions.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Setting: The setting included the KIMS (the Pfizer International Metabolic Database).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Patients: One hundred patients with de novo malignancy during GH therapy were compared with 325 patients with idiopathic GHD without malignancy.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Intervention(s): Serum samples were obtained as close as possible to the diagnosis of malignancy, or after approximately 2 yr of GH replacement in KIMS.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Main Outcome Measures: Associations between relative risk (RR) of malignancy and IGF-I, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 SDSs were assessed in multiple log-linear Poisson working regression models, controlling for age, sex, onset of GHD, and GH naivety at KIMS entry.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: No association between IGF-I SDSs and RR was observed (P = 0.48). Increasing IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 SDSs were associated with increasing RRs [18% per unit IGFBP-2 SDSs (95% confidence interval, 7\u201330%; P = 0.0006), 13% per unit IGFBP-3 SDS (2\u201326%; P = 0.01)].<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: IGF-I levels targeted to within normal age-related reference ranges during GH replacement were not associated with the occurrence of malignancies. Higher IGFBP-2 and\/or IGFBP-3 SDSs may be associated with increased cancer risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,8]],"date-time":"2010-07-08T02:50:06Z","timestamp":1278557406000},"page":"4449-4454","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), IGF-Binding Proteins 2 and 3, and the Risk for Development of Malignancies in Adults with Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency Treated with GH: Data from KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database)"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Vera","family":"Popovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroendocrine Unit (V.P.), Endocrinology Clinic, University Clinical Center, HU-11000 Belgrade, Serbia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders F.","family":"Mattsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Outcomes (A.F.M., M.K.-H.), Pfizer Endocrine Care, SE-190 91 Sollentuna, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf C.","family":"Gaillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (R.C.G.), University Hospital, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Wilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Endocrine Care (P.W.), Pfizer Inc., New York, New York 10017;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Ko\u0142towska-Ha\u0308ggstro\u0308m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Outcomes (A.F.M., M.K.-H.), Pfizer Endocrine Care, SE-190 91 Sollentuna, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Ranke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Children\u2019s Hospital (M.B.R.), D-72076 Tu\u0308bingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071617260716200_R1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins: biological actions.","volume":"16","author":"Jones","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071617260716200_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(200004)183:1<1::AID-JCP1>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Role of insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins in growth control and carcinogenesis.","volume":"183","author":"Grimberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2020071617260716200_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0001","article-title":"The role of the IGF system in cancer growth and metastasis: overview and recent insights.","volume":"28","author":"Samani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2020071617260716200_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1145720","article-title":"The genomic landscapes of human breast and colorectal cancers.","volume":"318","author":"Wood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2020071617260716200_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1387","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors and neoplasia.","volume":"4","author":"Pollak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"2020071617260716200_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16044-3","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: systematic review and meta-regression analysis.","volume":"363","author":"Renehan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020071617260716200_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02409.x","article-title":"Growth hormone and cancer: are we asking the right questions?","volume":"64","author":"Holly","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071617260716200_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00536.x","article-title":"Increased incidence of neoplasia in patients with pituitary adenomas. 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