{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:17:39Z","timestamp":1790234259242,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Context: Progesterone is important physiologically and therapeutically to maintain uterine quiescence during pregnancy, in part through controlling myometrial gene expression.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Objective: The objective of the study was to use expression microarray and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR) validation to determine the changes in gene expression induced by prolonged exposure of human myometrium to a synthetic progestogen.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Design: Myometrial explants, obtained at elective cesarean section (n = 9), were maintained in culture, under 0.6 g tension, for 65 h in the presence of medroxyprogesterone acetate (100 nm) or vehicle. Expression array was performed using Illumina beadchip arrays. Approximately 30% of differentially expressed transcripts were validated in biological replicates (n = 10) by qRT-PCR.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: The 114 significantly regulated transcripts were significantly enriched in inflammatory response (P = 0.00001), growth factor activity (P = 0.0004), and cytokine activity genes (P = 0.008). Thirty-four transcripts were validated using qRT-PCR in explants obtained from 10 further women. There was very close agreement in the fold changes obtained by array and qRT-PCR (r2 = 0.9, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). We confirmed significant down-regulation of a number of genes that have been well characterized as progesterone sensitive (IL-1B, IL-6, PTGS2, and GJA1). However, the top and sixth most down-regulated transcripts encoded two cytokines, IL-11 and IL-24, respectively, not previously implicated in mediating the effects of progesterone in myometrium. Both were validated by qRT-PCR (4.3- and 2.2-fold down-regulated, both P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: Medroxyprogesterone acetate controls expression of multiple genes in myometrium, including many that have not previously been characterized as progestogen regulated in this tissue, including IL-11 and IL-24. It is plausible that proteins encoded by some of these genes may have important but as yet uncharacterized effects in controlling human parturition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,16]],"date-time":"2010-09-16T00:51:05Z","timestamp":1284598265000},"page":"E437-E447","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effects of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Gene Expression in Myometrial Explants from Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Yolande","family":"Cordeaux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Rosie Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0SW, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Tattersall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Rosie Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0SW, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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