{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T06:09:51Z","timestamp":1792303791860,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]],"date-time":"2017-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1618,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim was to update the guidelines for the management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum published previously in 2007. A summary of changes between the 2007 and 2012 version is identified in the Supplemental Data (published on The Endocrine Society's Journals Online web site at http:\/\/jcem.endojournals.org).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This evidence-based guideline was developed according to the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force, grading items level A, B, C, D, or I, on the basis of the strength of evidence and magnitude of net benefit (benefits minus harms) as well as the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to describe both the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Consensus Process:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The guideline was developed through a series of e-mails, conference calls, and one face-to-face meeting. An initial draft was prepared by the Task Force, with the help of a medical writer, and reviewed and commented on by members of The Endocrine Society, Asia and Oceania Thyroid Association, and the Latin American Thyroid Society. A second draft was reviewed and approved by The Endocrine Society Council. At each stage of review, the Task Force received written comments and incorporated substantive changes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Practice guidelines are presented for diagnosis and treatment of patients with thyroid-related medical issues just before and during pregnancy and in the postpartum interval. These include evidence-based approaches to assessing the cause of the condition, treating it, and managing hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, gestational hyperthyroidism, thyroid autoimmunity, thyroid tumors, iodine nutrition, postpartum thyroiditis, and screening for thyroid disease. Indications and side effects of therapeutic agents used in treatment are also presented.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,2]],"date-time":"2012-11-02T00:13:58Z","timestamp":1351815238000},"page":"2543-2565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1040,"title":["Management of Thyroid Dysfunction during Pregnancy and Postpartum: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Leslie","family":"De Groot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rhode Island (L.D.-G.), Providence, Rhode Island 02881"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos","family":"Abalovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Durand Hospital and Favaloro University (M.A.), C1078AAI Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik K.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (E.K.A.), Boston, Massachusetts 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Amino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuma Hospital (N.A.), Kobe 650-0011, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Barbour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine (L.B.), Aurora, Colorado 80217"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhoda H.","family":"Cobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mount Sinai School of Medicine (R.H.C.), New York, New York 10029"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Creswell J.","family":"Eastman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sydney Medical School (C.J.E.), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Lazarus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University Medical School and University Hospital of Wales (J.H.L.), Cardiff CF14 4XW, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Luton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Bichat and Beaujon Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Universit\u00e9 Paris VII (D.L.), Paris 75018, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Mandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (S.J.M.), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Mestman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (J.M.), Los Angeles, California 90089"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Rovet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children (J.R.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of South Carolina (S.S.), Charleston, South Carolina 29403"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071616073048000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2003.01681.x","article-title":"Laboratory medicine practice guidelines: laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease.","volume":"58","author":"Demers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2020071616073048000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.10.042","article-title":"Free T4 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