{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:11:44Z","timestamp":1791198704137,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The inflammatory state of the adipose tissue is believed to contribute to systemic low-grade inflammation in obesity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study assessed the relationship between adipose and circulating inflammatory markers as well as the influence of adipose inflammation on bariatric surgery-induced weight reduction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal study (up to 14 mo).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study was conducted in the digestive\/bariatric surgery department of the Tivoli and Jean Villar clinics, Bordeaux, France.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-seven obese patients [body mass index (BMI) &amp;gt; 35\u201340 kg\/m2)] seeking bariatric surgery were included. Twenty-eight of them were successively followed up at 1\u20133 months after surgery and 25 between 6 and 14 months after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fasting serum samples were collected before surgery to assess concentrations of inflammatory markers. Samples of visceral adipose tissue were extracted during surgery and gene expression of cytokines and immune cell markers were evaluated using quantitative RT-PCR. Pre- and postsurgery weight and BMI were collected.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gene expression of several cytokines were strongly intercorrelated in the visceral adipose tissue. Adipose expression of macrophage and T cell markers were related to adipose expression of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (P &amp;lt; .01) and to systemic levels of TNF-\u03b1 (P &amp;lt; .01) and IL-6 (P &amp;lt; .05). A higher inflammatory state of the adipose tissue predicted a lower BMI reduction after surgery (P &amp;lt; .05), notably at early stages after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings support the involvement of macrophages and T cells in adipose inflammation and provide new information regarding the role of the visceral adipose tissue in the inflammatory state of obesity and its impact on obesity treatment outcomes, such as surgery-induced weight loss.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,16]],"date-time":"2013-11-16T06:31:38Z","timestamp":1384583498000},"page":"E53-E61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Adipose Inflammation in Obesity: Relationship With Circulating Levels of Inflammatory Markers and Association With Surgery-Induced Weight Loss"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"Lasselin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology (NutriNeuro), Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 1286, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (J.L., S.D., A.A., S.L., L.C.), F-33076 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"University of Bordeaux (J.L., S.D., A.A., S.L., L.C.), F-33076 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Magne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Pari\u00e9tale, Clinique Tivoli (E.M., C.B., P.L.), F-33000 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Clinique Jean Villar (E.M., C.B., P.L.), F-33520,Bruges, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9dric","family":"Beau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Pari\u00e9tale, Clinique Tivoli (E.M., C.B., P.L.), F-33000 Bordeaux, 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