{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T12:46:19Z","timestamp":1785242779722,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,29]],"date-time":"2014-01-29T11:57:47Z","timestamp":1390996667000},"page":"1112-1116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Due to Malignant Hypercalcemia: Physiopathological Considerations"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Carlos R.","family":"Camara-Lemarroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel I.","family":"Gonzalez-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose de Jesus","family":"Ortiz-Corona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara G.","family":"Yeverino-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Sanchez-Cardenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sagrario","family":"Nu\u00f1ez-Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Villarreal-Alarcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dionicio A.","family":"Galarza-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez,\u201d Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, N.L. M\u00e9xico, Madero y Gonzalitos S\/N, Monterrey NL 64460, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602223340803","article-title":"A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome","volume":"334","author":"Hinchey","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1277990","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a review","volume":"31","author":"Feske","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283129746","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Pula","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2011-000010","article-title":"The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: what's certain, what's new?","volume":"11","author":"Roth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pract Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0929","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Part 2: controversies surrounding pathophysiology of vasogenic edema","volume":"29","author":"Bartynski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0549","article-title":"Distinct imaging patterns and lesion distribution in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Bartynski","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.3.915","article-title":"Reversible occipital-parietal encephalopathy syndrome in an HIV-infected child","volume":"51","author":"Frank","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1177\/155005949802900302","article-title":"Reversible hypercalcemic cerebral vasoconstriction with seizures and blindness: a paradigm for eclampsia?","volume":"29","author":"Kaplan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Electroencephalogr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-002-0895-x","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to severe hypercalcemia","volume":"249","author":"Kastrup","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.57003.x","article-title":"Vasoconstriction as the etiology of hypercalcemia-induced seizures","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1159\/000086127","article-title":"Vasogenic edema in a case of hypercalcemia-induced posterior reversible encephalopathy","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540510037984","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathic syndrome due to severe hypercalcemia in AIDS","volume":"37","author":"Choudhary","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.5301\/ijao.5000089","article-title":"Treatment of medically refractory hypercalcemic crisis","volume":"35","author":"Au","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B14","first-page":"1199","article-title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: utility of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR imaging in the detection of cortical and subcortical lesions","volume":"21","author":"Casey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B15","first-page":"205","article-title":"Clinical spectrum of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome","volume":"65","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30085-2","article-title":"Hypercalcemic crisis","volume":"79","author":"Edelson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(03)00060-4","article-title":"Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances","volume":"20","author":"Riggs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.30.2.200","article-title":"Focal neurologic symptoms in hypercalcemia","volume":"30","author":"Longo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.5.464","article-title":"Hypercalcaemia associated with cerebral vasospasm causing infarction","volume":"43","author":"Walker","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-690X(03)00056-3","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of electrolyte emergencies","volume":"17","author":"Weiss-Guillet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022994104070","article-title":"Emergencies of calcium homeostasis","volume":"4","author":"Body","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1241821","article-title":"Hypercalcemia in cancer patients: pathobiology and management","volume":"42","author":"Santarpia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909111414164","article-title":"Modern management of malignant hypercalcemia","volume":"28","author":"Legrand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Hosp Palliat Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e32834b4401","article-title":"Mechanisms and treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy","volume":"18","author":"Clines","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-012-2151-9","article-title":"Takayasu's arteritis and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a case-based review","volume":"32","author":"Camara-Lemarroy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP74154","article-title":"Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient with severe uremic encephalopathy","volume":"74","author":"Tatsumoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(98)00177-1","article-title":"Impairment of endothelium-independent vasodilation in patients with hypercalcemia","volume":"40","author":"Neunteufl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2001.118368","article-title":"Endothelial vasodilatory function and blood pressure response to local and systemic hypercalcemia","volume":"130","author":"Nilsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-012-0202-y","article-title":"Hypercalcemia induces a proinflammatory phenotype in rat leukocytes and endothelial cells","volume":"69","author":"Re\u017ei\u0107-Mu\u017eini\u0107","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00801.x","article-title":"Increased endothelin-1 expression in the kidney in hypercalcemic rats","volume":"63","author":"Shiraishi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041113224145900_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s11373-007-9211-1","article-title":"The detrimental role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the pulmonary edema caused by hypercalcemia in conscious rats and isolated lungs","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/99\/4\/1112\/9045170\/jcem1112.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T23:56:51Z","timestamp":1565135811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/99\/4\/1112\/2537158"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2013-3487","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}}}